2. How do you know which chart to use? In this PowerPoint, each chart will be defined and described with an example of the data it is most appropriately suited to represent. How are charts used in other classes? Are charts used in Algebra? Why? Are charts used in Social Studies? Why? Are charts used in English? Why? 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 2

3. What you need to know You need to know: The six common charts used in business. The object is to understand how each chart is used to communicate information. For example, if you are trying to compare the sales of Honda Civics to the sales of Nissan Altimas, what chart will best explain the data? Why is one chart preferred over another? Which chart will best communicate the data? 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 3

4. 6 Common types of charts Column Chart Stacked Bar Chart Line Chart XY Scatter Chart Pie Chart Exploded Pie Chart 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 4

5. Column Chart A Column Chart is used to make comparisons and generalizations about groups of data. such as, to compare the number of students from each class (Sophomores, Juniors, and Seniors) and their attendance and school spirit at assemblies. A Column Chart is a series of vertical chart columns, each representative of a data series. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 5

6. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 6 Column Chart This chart compares the attendance rates/school spirit of Seniors, Juniors, and Sophomores at assemblies over a period of four months. School Spirit at Assemblies Which group has the most consistent school spirit? The Sophomores have the most consistent attendance/school spirit, as evidenced by the green bars.

7. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 7 Compare

8. Slide 8 Stacked Bar This chart focuses more on each group’s contribution to the whole for any given month. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.

9. Slide 9 Line This chart would be okay if we were analyzing trends in attendance rates, but it does not provide a good side-by-side comparison. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.

10. Slide 10 XY Scatter This chart is trying to determine if there is a correlation between the month and the attendance rate. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.

11. Slide 11 Pie Finally, this chart is useless for representing the data because it only allows for one data series. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.

12. Stacked Bar Chart A Stacked Bar Chart is used to represent the sum of more than one value and compare the contribution of individuals to the whole. such as, to compare the total sales for three components/departments to the whole sales for a store. A Bar or a Stacked Bar Chart is a series of horizontal bars, each representative of a data series. Each bar is divided into two or more parts The length of the stacked bar represents a total. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 12

13. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 13 Another Stacked Bar Chart example: Question: The CTE Dept. has received test scores for the first semester. The Dept. chair wants to see how each area (Business, Marketing, Technology) contributed to the combined score. What is the best chart type to use? Answer: Stacked Bar Chart

14. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 14 Stacked Bar This example shows the contributions of three components--Computers, Printers, and Monitors--to total sales during each quarter (three-month period).

15. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 15 Compare

16. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 16 Column This chart does not accurately represent the contributions of each part to the whole and is instead comparing them against each other.

17. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 17 Line What about this chart? Can you clearly identify each component’s contribution to the whole?

18. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 18 XY Scatter Why does this chart not work?

19. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 19 Pie This chart only looks at one department.

20. Line Chart A Line Chart is used to show trends or changes in data over time. such as, growth in sales over several quarters. A Line Chart is a series of data points connected by horizontal lines, each representing a series of data. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 20

21. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 21 Question: The CTE Dept. Chair is reviewing test scores and wants to see the trends of the scores of students in these 3 areas (Business, Marketing, Technology) for the past 5 years. What is the best chart type to use? Answer: Line Chart Another Line Chart example

22. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 22 Line Chart Which department showed the most growth? Which department showed a steady increase in sales? Which department showed a decline in sales?

23. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 23 Compare

24. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 24 Column To analyze the trends in this chart, the reader must read each data series separately and then make comparisons and generalizations. However, in the previous Line Chart, trends were clearly and quickly analyzed just by looking at the lines.

25. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 25 Stacked Bar Does this chart describe trends?

26. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 26 Pie The pie chart fails to present all of the data.

27. XY Scatter An XY Scatter Chart is used to indicate the correlation of two or more sets of data. such as, the correlation between stress rates and wait time in a doctor’s office. or the correlation between pulse rates and wait time in the principal’s office. A business example of an XY Chart is one that represents the effect (if any) of caffeine on worker productivity. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 27

28. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 28 XY Scatter What effect did the wait time in the principal’s office have on pulse rate? What effect did the wait time in the doctor’s office have on pulse rate? This data is fictional.

29. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 29 Compare

30. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 30 Column As you can see, if this chart is used, the data is confusing and not easily interpreted.

31. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 31 Stacked Bar This chart is also hard to interpret.

32. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 32 Pie The pie chart, once again, is clearly not the preferred chart for representing and communicating the data!

33. Pie Chart A Pie Chart is used to represent only one series of data. A Pie Chart shows the contribution of each component of one series of data to the whole. such as, the percentage (%) of each expenditure to the total budget the % of each investment type in a portfolio It answers the question, “What is the percentage of each part to the whole?” 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 33

34. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 34 Pie Chart Which item contributed the most percent to total sales?

35. Exploded Pie Chart An Exploded Pie Chart is a pie chart in which the individual components are enhanced. It is used to emphasize one or more portions of the data (one piece of the pie is enhanced). 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 35

36. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 36 Exploded Pie Chart

37. Review: Can you identify the charts? 1. Represents the contribution of individual items to the whole 2. Indicates trends in data 3. Makes comparisons about groups of data 4. Emphasizes one or more portions of the data 5. Represents only one series of data 6. Indicates a correlation 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 37

38. Stacked Bar 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 38

39. XY Scatter 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 39

40. Column Chart 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 40

41. Exploded Pie 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 41

42. Pie 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 42

43. Line 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 43

44. Obj. 4.02 Understand charts and graphs used in business.

45. Purpose of Charts and Graphs Charts and graphs are used in business to communicate and clarify spreadsheet information. Charts and graphs emphasize and categorize spreadsheet information into a format that can be quickly and easily analyzed. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 45

46. Why do you need to learn about charts? Can you answer these questions? (1) Why might you use a chart to present spreadsheet information? (2) What does a chart or graph do that a spreadsheet does not? 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 46

47. Is it a Chart or a Graph? A Graph is a feature of a chart used to plot data. A Graph is a pictorial representation of data. It includes the: plot area gridlines and values. A graph is used in a chart. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 47

48. Is it a Chart or a Graph? A Chart is the total package that includes: titles values axis labels legend information color and adds meaning to the graph A Chart is an enhancement of a graph. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 48

49. Whereas spreadsheet data is often filled with numbers, labels, and values that require time- consuming analysis.... a chart emphasizes and categories the spreadsheet information into a format that can be quickly and easily analyzed. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 49

51. Examples of Charts used in business: Represent sales trends within different departments of a store Represent the contribution of individual employee sales to the total sales for a company Represent the percent of each expense to total expenses Analyze stock prices and explain the fluctuations to stockholders 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 51

53. Components of Graphs Y-axis X-axis Data markers Data series Gridline Plot area Tick mark Slide 534.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business

54. Slide 54 The Y- axis is the left vertical side of the graph. It contains the numerical data. Y-axis

55. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 55 Y-axis X-axis The X- axis is the bottom horizontal side of the graph. It contains the category information. X-axis

56. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 56 Data Markers are used in a graph to indicate data values. Remember: Data Markers represent values! Y-axis X-axis Data Marker Data Markers

57. A Data Series is a collection of related values, such as one row or one column from a spreadsheet. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 57 Data Series

58. Gridline 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 58 Gridlines A Gridline is a horizontal or vertical line that extends across the plot area of the graph for the purpose of adding clarification to the data. Gridlines make it easier to read and understand the values.

59. Example 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 59 Scenario: This Stacked Bar Chart shows the Total Sales of each employee over a 4-month period. Question: What would make it easier to read? Answer: Gridlines Gridlines would make it much easier to read and understand the values. ( Notice—there are NO gridlines in this chart!)

60. Plot Area The Plot Area is the background portion of a graph. It is the rectangular area bound by the category (X) and values (Y) axes. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 60 Plot Area (the gray area shown in this graph)

61. Tick Mark The Tick Mark is used in a graph to clarify the data categories or values. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 61 Tick Marks

62. Components of Charts Legend Data Label Chart Title X-Axis Title Y-Axis Title Slide 624.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business

63. Legend The Legend is an object that explains the symbols, colors, or patterns used to differentiate the data. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 63 Legend

64. Data Label A Data Label is a single value or text explanation used to explain the data in a series. It is a piece of data from the data series. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 64 Data Labels

65. Example 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 65 Scenario: This Column Chart compares the sales of the GY Music Store against the sales of Notes Online. Question: Which feature is used to indicate the sales amounts in the plot area? Answer: Data Labels Data Labels are used to explain the data in the series.

66. Chart Title The Chart Title is the main heading, which describes the purpose and content of the chart. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 66 Chart Title

67. Example 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 67 Scenario: This Line Chart represents the effect of irrigation on plant height. Question: What feature should be added to explain the chart’s purpose? Answer: Chart Title The Chart Title is the Main Heading that describes the purpose and content of the chart.

68. Axis Titles 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 68 Axis Titles The Y-axis Title: describes the Y-axis, which is the vertical data. The X-axis Title describes the X-axis, which is the horizontal data.

69. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 69 Now it’s your turn! See if you can identify all of the components and describe their functions. 7. 4. 1. 6. 5. 8. 3. 2. 9. 10.

70. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 70 7. 1. 6. 8. 5.3.2.9. 4. 10. How did you do? 1. Data Series 2. Chart Title 3. Y-axis Labels 4. Data Labels 5. Plot Area 6. Gridline 7. Legend 8. X-axis Labels 9. X-axis Title 10. Tick Marks

71. Embedded Chart or a Separate Chart An Embedded chart is one that appears on the same sheet as the spreadsheet/worksheet it represents. otherwise, it is referred to as a separate chart. A Separate chart is one that does not appear on the same sheet as the spreadsheet/worksheet it represents. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 71

72. Linked Chart A Linked chart is one that will change to reflect changes made to the spreadsheet it represents. 4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in businessSlide 72