1. Stem Cells Max Johnson Manhasset Science Research

2. Need http://www.nature.com/nrd/journal/v1/n2/box/nrd742_BX1.html Figure 1

3. Knowledge Base http://www.kumc.edu/stemcell/early.html SCNT-Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Figure 2

4. Knowledge Base 2 http://www.kumc.edu/stemcell/early.html How to culture stem cells Figure 3

5. Knowledge base 3 http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/contexts/you_me_and_uv/sci_media/images/t he_electromagnetic_spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum Most harmful UV ray Figure 4

6. Literature Review George Q. Daley’s stem cell procedure http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v23/n7/fig_tab/nbt0705-826_F1.html Figure 5

7. Literature Review 2 Israeli scientists results http://www.israel21c.org/bin/en.jsp?enDispWho=Articles%5El2394&enPage=BlankPage &enDisplay=view&enDispWhat=object&enVersion=0&enZone=Health Figure 6

8. Literature Review 3 Michael D Jones how stem cells are made http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/File:Stem_ cells_diagram.png Note: I haven’t found his original work but this is an example of what he did Figure 7

9. Alternate Hypothesis-The mutated planaria will take more time to regenerate than the non-mutated planaria. Hypothesis In 1990, 35 to 40 billion dollars were spent in cancer care (International Society of Technology Assessment in Health Care). With research stem cells have been found in adult bodies and by reprogramming these embryonic stem cells scientists can regenerate human tissues by putting them in drugs. Purpose

10. Methodology 20 Planaria (n=3) 10 regular10 mutated Planaria are sliced in half Data Analysis 2 weeks later 2 weeks for regeneration with UV radiation for 2 minutes

11. Protocols for measurement The Planaria culture (10 per culture) will eat a diet of 20 grams of liver a week During the second regeneration (with the group with mutations) the measured amount will be amount of UV radiation (time they have been subjected to the chamber) compared to the time it takes to regenerate (in days)

12. Do-Ability Cheap (only planaria) Easy We already have the most expensive item (A Ultra Violate Ray chamber) Applies to life

13. Budget VendorItem numberDescription/ Name of item QuantityUnit priceTotal price Manhasset High School Science Lab N.A.Ultra Violate ray chamber 1XX Local Manhasset Grocery store N.A.Liver5 (1 lb)XX Sargent-Welch 2009 WL50506Black Planaria1 (25-30)$9.99

14. Bibliography American Pregnancy Association. “In Vitro Fertilization.” IVF 05/2007. May 8, 2009.. American Society of Hematology. "Blood Cells Can Be Reprogrammed To Act As Embryonic Stem Cells." ScienceDaily 21 April 2009. 22 April 2009. Birch, Nick. "Flatworm helps researchers study stem cells.” September 17 2008. Cambridge UK and Bio-Medicine. 17 Sept. 2008. Bio-Medicine, Cambridge UK. 18 May 2009. Franklin J, Franzini L, Williams A; International Society of Technology Assessment in Health Care. “Can we evaluate the outcomes of cancer treatment?” Cancer research 1994. May 7, 2009. http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/MeetingAbstracts/ma?f=102211786.html. University of Oklahoma. "Cancer Stem Cells Isolated: Could Lead To New Drugs To Stop Cancer From Returning." ScienceDaily 12 September 2008. 4 May 2009. University of Kansas Medical Center. “Stem Cell Research Basics: Early Stem Cells.” Stem cells May 25, 2005. May 7, 2009. http://www.kumc.edu/stemcell/early.html U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2009. “Stem cell basics.” Stemcells 28 April 2009. May 4, 2009. http://stemcells.nih.gov/ U.S. National Library of Medicine. “Medical Encyclopedia.” Stem Cell Research. U.S. National Library of Medicine.. 4 May 2009. U.S. National Library of Medicine U.S. National. “PTEN.” PTEN May 15, 2009. May 19, 2009. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene=pten