1. Assisting Municipalities in Implementing NPDES Phase II Stormwater Programs Wendi Hartup & Mitch Woodward Area Environmental Agents

2. Phase II: Burden for Small Communities NPDES Phase IIs - 80% < 20,000 (40 < 5,000) Difficult for small municipalities to provide the expertise and resources 116 Phase II jurisdictions have nearly identical permit requirements

4. Needs of Phase IIs Seeking input at the beginning Turn – Key Training Needed for Staff Workshops / Tours in convenient locations Providing how-to guidance and specific examples Showcasing examples of effective stormwater ordinances Encouraging partnerships Including Phase Is in training

5. Improving Field Staff Understanding - Why did our city start this program? 1.Because we have to! (Comply with federal & state rules.) 1.To protect local water quality. 2.To present a positive image to the community. www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

6. Development Impacts on the Water Cycle 50%50% 10%10% 15%15% 55%55% Photos: NEMO

7. Photo: Forest History Society

8. Phase II Six Minimum Measures Goal: reduce pollutants in urban stormwater compared to existing levels in a cost-effective manner. Public Education and Outreach Public participation/Involvement Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Construction Site Runoff Control Post-Construction Runoff Control Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping

9. Pollution Prevention & Good Housekeeping: What is it? Keeping our own local government facilities clean to reduce pollution to our streams and rivers. www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

10. Federal and state rules require that stormwater staff inspect each city facility annually and correct any pollution prevention and good housekeeping problems right away. Photo: EPA www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

11. 1.Fueling, washing and maintaining vehicles 2.Storing materials 3.Handling garbage 4.Maintaining streets, rights-of-way and parking lots 5.Maintaining landscaping and open space 6.Preventing and responding to spills 7.Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination This program covers... www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

12. Where do these activities occur? Fleet Maintenance Transfer Station Animal Shelters Wastewater Treatment Plant Water Treatment Plant Construction Debris Site Transit Authority Vehicle Wash Operations Airport Fleet Maintenance Transfer Station Animal Shelters Wastewater Treatment Plant Water Treatment Plant Construction Debris Site Transit Authority Vehicle Wash Operations Airport Public Works Operations Prisons Emergency Service Facilities Fire Stations Landfills Schools Parks Waste Recycling Centers Pump Stations Public Works Operations Prisons Emergency Service Facilities Fire Stations Landfills Schools Parks Waste Recycling Centers Pump Stations www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

13. Fueling, washing and maintaining vehicles

15. Store used fluids properly.

16. Be aware of leaks nears drains! Look for and correct leaks on or around equipment.

17. What are the differences between these two fueling stations? What can you do to reduce pollution here? www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

18. Have spill kits readily available and use them!

19. Avoid Situations Like This!

20. Storing materials

21. Used and Bulk Oil Storage: Well Maintained and Neat!

22. Neatly organized materials.

23. Moisture + Iron + Temps above 32F = RUST !!!

24. Maintain curb and gutters free of soil and trash.

25. Handling garbage

26. Keep trash dumpster lids closed. Keep liquid and hazardous wastes out of dumpsters.

27. Good Bad Ugly x

28. Maintaining streets, rights of way and parking lots

29. Maintain curb and gutters free of soil and trash. Minimize the use of fertilizers and pesticides in and adjacent to curbs. Photo: NCSU TurfFiles Center

30. If youve got it, use it!

31. Landscaping and open space Image: Cumberland Co. Cooperative Extension Center

32. Round-Up Gone Wild! Maintain a buffer zone of grasses or natural vegetation between maintained turf and waterways.

33. Pollution Source?: Yes No Dont Know

34. A broom doesnt always mean good housekeeping! Dont sweep or blow fertilizer or yard waste into the storm drain.

35. Spill Response

36. Keep emergency contacts and dry clean up materials in vehicles. Photo: HMHTTC

37. Main goal: Keep spills out of the storm drain. Photo: Spill Containment Inc.

38. Keep spill response kits near potential spill areas.

39. For more information on Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping, see: http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/phase2/measure6.htm The web site contains sample inspection forms for different types of facilities (all approved by DWQ). www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater

40. Discharges into storm drainage systems (pipes, streams, ditches, water bodies) which are not composed entirely of stormwater and have not been permitted. Illicit Discharges (IDs)

41. Best Conditions for Finding IDs: Prolonged dry periods Non-growing season: fall – winter – early spring Low ground water levels Stop during rainfall

42. Key: No runoff event for the last 48 - 72 hours

43. Eyes / Nose / Ears: Use your eyes - Materials dumped illegally into storm drains? - Small pipes draining and it hasnt rained? - Spilled oil or paint, colored water, foam, floatables? Use your nose - Unusual odors - Sewer smell - Detergent clean smell - Fuel / oil Use your ears - Small pipes draining and it hasnt rained?

44. Note Stream-side Activities - Construction Activity? Wastewater from sewers and septic systems? Vehicle maintenance activities? Industrial areas – commercial sites? Direct dumping into storm drains or streams?

45. What if you find something? Fill Out Data Collection Sheet Inform Municipal Stormwater staff

46. Where to Report Possible IDs: Local Municipal Stormwater Contact - list DENR Stormwater Page - http://www.ncstormwater.org/ http://www.ncstormwater.org/

47. "Quiz Time"

48. Violation? Yes, this is an illicit discharge What is it? Paint Spill Charge? Company owner was notified Action taken? Paint was cleaned that day!

49. Violation? Yes, this is an illicit discharge What is it? Antifreeze dripping and flowing across the parking lot Charge? Multiple offences, met with district managers Action taken? Managers will send letter biannually to all shops about Illicit Discharge Ordinance.

50. Violation? No What is it? Air Conditioning Condensation

53. Violation? Yes, this is an illicit connection What is it? Discharge from residential washing machine Charge? First Offense, Letter of violation requiring cease discharge Action taken? Property owner capped the pipes and discontinued use of washing machine

54. Violation? No What is it? Bacterial Growth in almost Stagnant Water

55. Violation Yes, this is an illicit connection What is it? Disconnection of sewer service Charge? First Offense, Letter of violation requiring property owner to fix the connection Action taken? Public Utilities worked with property owner to repair the connection

56. Violations? Yes, this is an illicit discharge, but better to educate rather than fine. What is it? Fertilizer and Lawn waste

63. Good Rules of Thumb If anything looks suspicious or out of place, its worth investigating… Call Public Works! If you see a pipe draining water but it hasnt rained for a few days, this may be an illicit connection… Call Public Works! Help be an extra set of eyes in the field!

64. Deliverables The How to Do Phase II web site: (http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/phase2)http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/phase2 25 How to Do Phase II workshops Four train the trainer workshops Time Cost: 40 hours a piece to advertise, travel, plan, make site visits, make slides and teach each workshop / tour.

65. Outcomes 18 workshops 522 participants Participants included: public utilities, town operations, stormwater, landscaping, facilities management, police, and fire. 5 illegal vehicle wash areas eliminated Additional spill stations Fuel dispensing standard operating procedures (SOPs) developed Improved site cleanup frequency Improved stormwater BMP maintenance New drain guards Re-designed their solid waste transfer station New vehicle wash bays Training value - $25-30 per participant

66. Partners – How to Do Phase II Bill Hunt - Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist Annette Lucas - Extension Associate Mitch Woodward - Area Environmental Agent Wendi Hartup - Area Environmental Agent Christy Perrin and Patrick Beggs - Watershed Education for Communities and Officials Mike Randall - NC DENR Division of Water Quality Stormwater Unit Chrystal Bartlett - NC DENR Stormwater Education and Outreach Coordinator