1. U.S. Agency for International Development The Futures Group International Research Triangle Institute The Centre for Development and Population Activities P O L C Y I

2. Human Rights are … those freedoms and entitlements invested in each person at birth which are universal and inalienable

3. 1948: Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1966: Intl Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966: Intl Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1979: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women International Human Rights

4. Where, after all, do universal human rights begin? In small places, close to homeclose and so small they can not be seen on any maps of the world. Yet they are the world of the individual person; the neighborhood he lives in; the school or college he attends; the factory, farm or office where he works. Such are the places where every man, woman and child seek equal justice, equal opportunity, equal dignity without discrimination. Unless these rights have meaning there, they have little meaning anywhere. Without concerned citizen action to uphold them close to home, we shall look in vain for progress in the larger world. Eleanor Roosevelt

5. Traditional Public Health Response Human Rights Public Health conflicting An example…. Tuberculosis

6. Public Health Human Rights An Expanded Response … social diagnosis legal political treatment care prevention

7. Why Human Rights in HIV/AIDS? Human Rights Violations Vulnerability HIV/AIDS Vulnerability

8. Priority Topics 1. Stigma 2. Information 3. Testing 4. Gender 5. Employment

9. The Right to Non-Discrimination and Equality before the Law protects people from... Ostracism Alienation Shame Violence Stigma

10. Photo: South African Sunday Times Stigma

11. Multi faceted Approach Youth targeted Top level support of prevention & control efforts Awareness Raising

12. The Right to Freedom of Expression and Information entitles people to…... HIV/AIDS Information Means of prevention Information about treatment Information

13. Photo: Harvey Nelson

14. Awareness Up Condom Use Up Information % knowledge of condom

15. The Right to Privacy and Security of Person entitles people to... Confidentiality Voluntary testing Testing

17. Anonymous, friendly services = increased tests Testing

18. The Right to Non-Discrimination and Equality before the Law entitles women to… Equal access to information Control over their reproductive health Freedom from violence and exploitation Gender

19. Photo: Harvey Nelson Need new photo

20. Gender Condom Use Up Prevalence Down % prevalence

21. Secure employment The Right to Work and Just Conditions of Work entitles people to… Receive equal benefits...Regardless of HIV status Maintain employment Employment

22. Photos: Johns Hopkins CCP/Photoshare

23. Employment Prevention Program Components: Information & Education Condom Distribution Care & Support Assistant with Treatment AIDS Cases : 1995: 3.69 per 10,000 1996: 2.53 per 10,000

24. HIV/AIDS Protect Human Rights Vulnerability

25. What can you do? NGO Level Subnational Level National Level

26. What can you do? Advocate for changes in law Identify/Document/Report Violations Make complaints to HR Commissions Offer Direct Legal Services National Level

27. Mass Media Campaigns Sensitize local leaders Include PLWHIV/AIDS Support HIV/AIDS NGOs What can you do? Sub national Level

28. What can you do? Promote Legal Services Link legal & HR Services Raise Community Awareness Promote VCT at community level NGO Level

29. Sample Assessment Questions (national level) Is country a party to international human rights conventions protecting persons with HIV/AIDS? What laws implement human rights conventions? What are the current human rights issues in your country related to HIV/AIDS? What is current HIV/AIDS agenda in national human rights commission? Are human rights violations reported to international human rights bodies?