1. By: Alexis Vallieu and Kayla Nollan

3. Functions of System The Endocrine system is a system of glands, cells, tissues and organs that secrete hormones to sustain homeostatic levels.

4. Target Cells When hormones diffuse from interstitial fluid then eventually act on target cells within the bloodstream.

5. Secretion Types There are two different types of secretions. These include paracrine, which effects only neighboring cells, and autocrine, which affects the secreting cell itself.

6. General Characteristics

7. Hormone Action

8. Steroid Hormones Steroid Hormones consists of complex rings of carbon and hydrogen atoms. They are insoluble in water and are carried in the bloodstream weakly bound to plasma proteins in a way that allows them to be released in decent sized quantities within the same area as their target cells.

9. Nonsteroid Hormone Nonsteroid hormones include amines, peptides, and proteins that usually bind to receptors in target cell membranes. Each receptor molecule is a protein that consists of a binding site and activity site.

10. Control of the Endocrine System A: Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary stimulate other endocrine glands B: Nervous system stimulates the gland directly C: changes in the internal environment stimulate glands directly.

11. Pituitary Gland It is attached to the hypothalamus and lies in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

12. Inside the Pituitary Gland

13. Flow of Hormones Hormones are stimulated in the anterior pituitary gland which then is released into the bloodstream and either goes to the target cells or thyroid gland. From there, thyroid hormones go back into the bloodstream and then go to the target cells.

14. Anatomy of the Thyroid Thyroid glands consist of two lobes that connect in the back of the isthmus. Follicular cells secrete thyroid hormones, and calcitonin is secreted from extra follicular glands.

15. Gland Structure

16. Cortisol Secretion

17. Pancreas

18. Feedback Mechanism

19. Stress Response The stress response consist of the fight or flight response and the long term adjustment response.

20. Nervous Vs. Endocrine

21. Hormone Types

22. Thyroid Hormones

23. Epinephrine vs. Norepinephrine

24. Thank you for listening