1. Annual meeting of the Astrophysical Chemistry Group of the Royal Chemical Society and Royal Astronomical Society on progress in astrochemistry. Meeting to discuss Meeting to discuss connections between interstellar and terrestrial plasma chemistry. connections between interstellar and terrestrial plasma chemistry.

2. From Astrochemistry view Meeting discussed key (recent) advances in astrochemistry Meeting discussed key (recent) advances in astrochemistry

3. From Astrochemistry view The huge amount of data that new observations has/will generate (e.g Fuller Alma; Tielens, Roueff) The huge amount of data that new observations has/will generate (e.g Fuller Alma; Tielens, Roueff) The challenge to interpret this data – need for A&M data The challenge to interpret this data – need for A&M data The use/development of chemical models (eg Herbst, Walsh, Woods) The use/development of chemical models (eg Herbst, Walsh, Woods)

4. From Astrochemistry view We have seen continued challenge of exploring the surface (dust) chemistry (Herbst, Goumans) We have seen continued challenge of exploring the surface (dust) chemistry (Herbst, Goumans) Eg to explain H 2 formation (Roueff, Lemaire) Eg to explain H 2 formation (Roueff, Lemaire) Larger compounds generated by ice processing Larger compounds generated by ice processing (McCoustra, Ioppolo, Jheeta)

5. From Astrochemistry view Challenge of exploring the surface (dust) chemistry EU/UK well set to tackle this challenge

6. Data overload ? Databases Databases Assembly, intercomparison, error/sensitivity analysis Assembly, intercomparison, error/sensitivity analysis

7. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract VAMDC A database of Atomic and molecular data for applications including astronomy. Http://www.vamdc.org/

8. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract VAMDC - Brussels - Nov 08

9. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract KEY VAMDC OUTCOMES Develop or/and extend standards for interoperability of AM resources Implementation of 17 selected databases Compatibility with existing extraction tools Create a safe environment where latest AM data can be easily published (even small sets)‏ Linking producers and users KEY BENEFITS Uniform access, i.e. saving time with format of data, tools development Increase level of scientific analysis of ground/space missions or experiments  good standardisation implies Documentation  allows cross-matching of different sets of AM data  allows wide access to the latest published AM data

10. This meeting aimed to bring (lab) plasma and astrochemistry community together Question  Are they compatible ? Time scales (general issue for lab surface chemistry) Time scales (general issue for lab surface chemistry) Densities (three body collisions in lab plasma) Densities (three body collisions in lab plasma)

11. Electron attachment Anions seen in ISM - exciting new area of astrochemistry Anions seen in ISM - exciting new area of astrochemistry e + A  A - + hν e + A  A - + hν In lab plasmas third body stabilises A - rdensities too low in ISM etc In lab plasmas third body stabilises A - rdensities too low in ISM etc

12. Electron attachment Plasmas provide a lot of date on (dissociate) electron attachment rate constants (cross sections) Plasmas provide a lot of date on (dissociate) electron attachment rate constants (cross sections) e + AB  A - + B e + AB  A - + B

13. Are experimental conditions too extreme ? Plasma surface reactions – plasmas are reactors with walls (Welzel, Marinov) Plasma surface reactions – plasmas are reactors with walls (Welzel, Marinov) Benefit – Gabriel can see spectra that ‘mimic’ astrophysical observations. Eg vibrationally excited H2 Benefit – Gabriel can see spectra that ‘mimic’ astrophysical observations. Eg vibrationally excited H2 But then plasma scientists need to explain limits to astronomers But then plasma scientists need to explain limits to astronomers

14. Plasma reactors -- good for spectroscopy Linartz, Schlemmer, Galue, Linartz, Schlemmer, Galue, Indeed fundamental to making species (radical ions) to measure spectra (eg anions) Indeed fundamental to making species (radical ions) to measure spectra (eg anions) Hot plasmas – hot water – H 3 + Hot plasmas – hot water – H 3 + PAHs, clusters need plasmas > atmospheric pressure dominated by clusters PAHs, clusters need plasmas > atmospheric pressure dominated by clusters Dust formation (Kovacevic, Goedheer) Dust formation (Kovacevic, Goedheer) eg C 2 H 2 plasmas

15. Plasmas are used as planetary atmosphere mimics Titan – plasmas used to identify anions Titan – plasmas used to identify anions Mars chemistry – ozone/water interactions Mars chemistry – ozone/water interactions Astrobiology – (Urey Miller) Astrobiology – (Urey Miller)

16. But are we separated by language? Evidence for two communities having common interests but the overlap is poor Evidence for two communities having common interests but the overlap is poor Terminology (and units) often different Terminology (and units) often different So majority of both communities remain in ‘wings’ So majority of both communities remain in ‘wings’

17. How to improve communication? Need more meetings – tutorials ? What are astrochemistry questions ? What are astrochemistry questions ? How do plasmas work ? How do plasmas work ? What can one community do to help other ? What can one community do to help other ? What can one help other ? What can one help other ?

18. Meetings not enough Exchange people and ideas Exchange people and ideas Visits ! Visits !

19. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract The Chemical Cosmos: Understanding Chemistry in Astronomical Environments CM0805 Start date: 17/04/2009 End date: 16/04/2013 Nigel J Mason Chair The Open University / UK n.j.mason@open.ac.uk n.j.mason@open.ac.uk Beverley Bishop Administrator The Open University b.j.bishop@open.ac.uk

20. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract 22 countries: Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Netherlands Poland Portugal Serbia Slovakia Spain Slovania Sweden United Kingdom 22 COST countries Chemical Cosmos-Partners

21. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract Scientific context and objectives The main objective of this Action is to study chemical processes relevant to the physical conditions encountered in the interstellar medium, and on the surface and in the atmospheres of planetary bodies. The Action aims to provide new insights into the dynamics of the chemical reactions leading to molecular synthesis under such conditions and reveal how these are influenced by the ambient temperature and pressure. Special attention will also be given to the study of the novel surface chemistry prevalent on interstellar medium dust grains and planetary surfaces. The Action also aims to combine such laboratory data with complementary chemical models to allow a fuller interpretation of observational data.

22. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract Organised in 3 Working groups Working group 1; Radical- and Ion-induced reactions in the interstellar medium (Gas phase chemistry) Wolf Geppert Stockholm Working group 2;. Heterogeneous and ice chemistry (Surface chemistry) Maria Palumbo Catania Working group 3;. Chemistry of planetary atmospheres (Models and observations ) exoplanets Christian Muller Brussels

23. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract COST Astrochemistry meeting 2011 Malta October 12-14, 2011 in Valletta

24. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract Short Term Scientific missions Short visits between member countries (not member labs/groups) Typically up to 1 month average funds up to 2000 euros Simple application process (on line) and simple report (1 page A4)

25. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract So use STSMs for these links Eg willing to set fund for this year for 4/5 such visits to follow up this meeting OVER TO YOU !! n.j.mason@open.ac.uk b.j.bishop@open.ac.uk