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ENUM? “ Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM or Enum, from TElephone NUmber Mapping) is a suite of protocols to unify the telephone numbering system E.164 with.

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Presentation on theme: "ENUM? “ Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM or Enum, from TElephone NUmber Mapping) is a suite of protocols to unify the telephone numbering system E.164 with."— Presentation transcript:

1 ENUM? “ Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM or Enum, from TElephone NUmber Mapping) is a suite of protocols to unify the telephone numbering system E.164 with the Internet addressing system DNS by using an indirect lookup method, to obtain NAPTR records. The records are stored at a DNS database. ”

2 Assumption Use of standard telephone numbers is not going away
PSTN/analog terminals are going to be around IP phones use 12-button keypad Globally unique identifier that has established familiarity with end users

3 Problem statements How do network elements (gateways, SIP servers etc) find services on the Internet if you only have a telephone (E.164) number? How can subscribers define their preferences for incoming communications?

4 More Problem Statements
How do you address an IP-based voice terminal from the PSTN? For a call that starts out as VoIP, how do you know to keep the call on the IP-plane (as opposed to the PSTN) for a dialed telephone number if the customer is not yours?

5 Today, Many Addresses tel:+46-8-971234 mailto:paf@example.com

6 Give this number to friends:
With ENUM, Only One tel: ENUM tel: tel: Give this number to friends:

7 Solution in short Put domain names derived from telephone numbers in the global domain name system, DNS IETF ENUM Working Group created to solve the problem of using the DNS for: domain name in [Numbers re-formatted as domain names] URI out [mailto, sip, tel, http or other URI scheme] Solution: NAPTR records Use the URI’s for the communication

8 NAPTR take phone number +46-8-6859131 turn into domain name
NAPTR stands for Naming Authority Pointer and is a newer type of DNS record that supports regular expression based rewriting. Several NAPTR records can be chained together creating fairly sophisticated URL rewriting rules. A record can go through any number of rewrites before reaching a terminal condition. take phone number turn into domain name e164.arpa. ask the DNS return list of URI’s

9 Network

10 ENUM Enabled Applications Provisioning Domain Name System
Authentica tion & Validation Entities Tier 0 Registrar Registry Tier 1 voice fax messaging & presence web pages Voice /Messaging Instant Messaging/Presence Fax Personal Web Pages Application Service Provider Tier 2

11 The Public ENUM Infrastructure
e164.arpa Tier 0 (Country Code Registry) $ORIGIN e164.arpa. IN NS nsnanp.enum.com . 4.4 IN NS UK_enum.com . … … UK_enum.com (4.4.e164.arpa) nsnanp.enum.com ( e164.arpa) Tier 1 (Telephone Number Registry) $ORIGIN e164.arpa. IN NS e164.att.net . IN NS e164.xyz.com . … e164.att.net Tier 2 (Application Information) $ORIGIN e164.arpa. IN NAPTR "u" "sip+E2U" . International Implementation worked in IETF and ITU-T National Implementation worked in ENUM Forum (US)

12 Delegation of Country Code in Tier 0
Draft Recommendation E.A-ENUM in progress Interim Procedures in place between IAB/ISOC and ITU-TSB Use of e164.arpa pending outcome of Recommendation Country Code must be valid and assigned Position of National Numbering Administrator must be known and must opt-in Similar situation for shared Network codes and codes for Groups of Countries (e.g., ETNS)

13 Requirements Document
Reference Architecture Tier 1 Registry Operations, Security, & Admin Tier 1 Performance Specifications Privacy Considerations Provisioning Registrar Requirements Authentication & Authorization Tier 2 Requirements & Guidelines Conflict Resolution Issues Out of Scope

14 Reference Architecture
Tier 1 Registry Tier 0 Root Tier 2 Provider Registrant Registrar

15 Reference Architecture
Registrar Registrant Tier 1 Registry Does not address non geographic numbers Tier 2 Service Provider Tier 2 contains the NAPTR records or delegations Interfaces Issue: One or More Tier 1 Providers Delegation at Tier 0 by NPA

16 Tier 1 Aspects Tier 1 Operations Performance Aspects Tier 1 Security
Zone Information (aka zone files) ContactInfo (aka WhoIs) Reporting, backup, escrow & performance requirements Performance Aspects DNS Performance EPP Interfaces Tier 1 Security Administrative Aspects Dispute Resolution Data Collection and Privacy

17 Authentication & Validation Entities
Provisioning Authentication & Validation Entities Tier 1 Registry Registrant Registrar Tier 2 Nameserver Application Service Provider

18 Provisioning Aspects Registrar Requirements Tier 2
Registrant Validation & Authentication Dispute Resolution Registrar Infrastructure Requirements Recommended Practices & Requirements Various Scenarios Information Flows Tier 2 Mostly Guidelines – Some Requirements Tier 2 may be self-provided or from a commercial 3rd party Interfaces & Interactions Performance Recommendations

19 Future Actions Address implementation issues
Contracting model Integration/separation of North American countries Number of Tier 1 operators Address Non-geographic numbers (specifically 8YY Toll Free) Can’t be cleanly separated by North American country Has unique provisioning requirements

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