1. Electric Power Steering

2. Electronic control unit - Types of electronic control units
Electric Power Steering Control Unit (PSCU)— Generally this will be integrated into the EPS powerpack.

3. Controller Area Network - Automotive
Albert, Robert Bosch GmbH Embedded World, 2004, Nürnberg Typically the biggest processor is the engine control unit (also engine control module/ECM or Powertrain Control Module/PCM in automobiles); others are used for Transmission (mechanics)|transmission, airbags, Anti-lock braking system|antilock braking/ABS, cruise control, electric power steering/EPS, audio systems, power windows, doors, mirror adjustment, battery and recharging systems for hybrid/electric cars, etc

4. Lane departure warning system - Timeline of available systems
This system can issue an audiovisual warning and also (using the Electric Power Steering or EPS) steer the vehicle to hold its lane

5. Power steering - Electric systems
'Electric power steering' ('EPS' or 'EPAS') uses an electric motor to assist the driving|driver of a vehicle

6. Power steering - Electric systems
By incorporating electronic stability control electric power steering systems can instantly vary torque assist levels to aid the driver in corrective maneuvers.

7. Power steering - Electric systems
The first electric power steering system appeared on the Suzuki Cervo in Today a number of manufacturers use electric power steering.

8. Steering wheel
This can be through direct mechanical contact as in recirculating ball or rack and pinion steering gears, without or with the assistance of hydraulic power steering, HPS, or as in some modern production cars with the assistance of computer controlled motors, known as Electric Power Steering

9. Steering wheel - Passenger cars
Power steering gives the driver an easier means by which the steering of a car can be accomplished. Modern power steering has almost universally relied on a hydraulic system, although Electric Power Steering|electrical systems are steadily replacing this technology. Mechanical power steering systems (e.g., Studebaker, 1952) have been invented, but their weight and complexity negate the benefits that they provide.

10. Engine control computer - Types of electronic control units
* Electric Power Steering Control Unit (PSCU)— Generally this will be integrated into the Power steering#Electric systems|EPS powerpack.

11. Prius - First generation (XW10; 1997–2003)
Air conditioning and electric power steering were standard equipment.2001 Toyota Prius Repair Manual, Volume 2, Pub

12. Intelligent Parking Assist System - Technology
When the Intelligent Parking Assist System is activated, the central processor calculates the optimum parallel or reverse park steering angles and then interfaces with the Electric Power Steering systems of the vehicle to guide the car into the parking spot.

13. Dynamic steering response
'Dynamic steering response' (DSR) is a car safety technique that corrects the rate of hydraulic or electric power steering system to adapt it to vehicle's speed and road conditions. Similar to DIRAVI, this system was first featured in the SEAT Leon Cupra R and has since been used in a wide range of models including the Ibiza, Cordoba, new Leon, Altea and new Toledo.

14. Dodge Ram changes
Due to a new electric power steering system, the 5.7L HEMI V8 no longer has a power steering pump, and gains 5 horsepower, now making and

15. Ford F-150 - Twelfth generation (2009–14)
Other modifications include the addition of a Nexteer Automotive Power steering|Electric Power Steering (EPS) system on most models.

16. EPS - Technology
* Electric power steering, a type of power steering system used in cars

17. Honda NSX - Development
Other notable features included an independent, 4-channel anti-lock brake system; titanium connecting rods in the engine to permit reliable high-rpm operation; an Power Steering#Electric systems|electric power steering system; Honda's proprietary VTEC variable valve timing system (a first in the US) and, in 1995, the first electronic throttle control fitted to a Honda.

18. Honda NSX - Alex Zanardi Edition NSX
Total vehicle weight is reduced compared to the NSX-T, through the use of a fixed hard-top roof, lighter rear spoiler, single pane rear glass, lightweight BBS alloy wheels, a lighter battery, and a manual rack-and-pinion steering system in place of the electric power steering.

19. Lexus LS –2009
Other drive-assist features included a brake-hold system, radar cruise control, electric electric power steering|variable gear ratio power steering, and Electronically Controlled Brake|electronically controlled braking

20. Lincoln MKT - Production MKT (2010-present)
The MKT features electric power steering over more-traditional hydraulic power steering. The electric steering system is combined with ultrasonic sensors to form a hands-off Active Park Assist system that steers the vehicle into parallel parking slots.

21. Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) - 2011 SEMA concepts (2011)
Camaro 1LE Concept is a version of Camaro featuring production components both the Camaro SS and forthcoming Camaro ZL1, with Victory Red body color, flat black hood and hash mark extensions, satin black splitter, rocker panels, rear spoiler and outside mirrors; sport suspension featuring Magnetic Ride Control, electric power steering, six-speed manual close-ratio transmission, 20x10-inch (front) and 20x11-inch (rear) racing wheels (in satin black), Goodyear Eagle F1 Supercar G asymmetrical tires (from the ZL1), Brembo six-piston front calipers with two-piece front rotors and four-piston rear calipers (Chevrolet Official Licensed Product), dual exhaust outlets with ZL1-style active exhaust and diffuser, shock tower brace, Chevrolet Accessories red engine cover, Black leather interior with Light Stone stitching, Graphite Silver door and instrument panel inserts, ZL1 shifter with Light Stone stitching, ZL1 flat-bottom steering wheel, Chevrolet Accessories pedal kit.

22. Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) - Camaro, RS, 1LE
Changes to SS models includes standard variable-effort electric power steering, optional dual-mode exhaust system on manual transmission-equipped models. Both features were introduced on the Camaro ZL1.

23. Dodge Ram changes
Due to a new electric power steering system, the 5.7L HEMI V8 no longer has a power steering pump, and gains 5 horsepower, now making and

24. Honda Civic (ninth generation) - 2012 model year
The Eco Assist can also alter the transmission's shift pattern in the hybrid model. A new Motion Adaptive electric power steering system helps to mitigate oversteer or understeer in conjunction with the standard Vehicle Stability Assist.

25. Honda Civic (ninth generation) - 2012 model year
The electric power steering system is lighter by 1.3kg (2.9lb); the front subframe is lighter by 1.7kg (3.7lb); a thinner-walled fuel tank saves 1.0kg (2.2lb) and a laser-welded exhaust silencer that is 0.5kg (1.1lb) lighter

26. Honda Civic (ninth generation) - 2014 Civic hatchback update, 2014 Civic Tourer (2014-)
Changes to Civic hatchback include retuned electric power steering to provide a more secure control during higher speeds, front and rear dampers were revised for improving body control, toe and camber of the rear suspension were realigned to improve the hatchback's handling, privacy glass on the lower rear window, piano black touches on the number plate surround, tailgate and lower bumper; piano black front bumper, new alloy wheels, darker wheel arch garnishes, white stitching on the seats, steering wheel and knee pad; aluminum inserts around the cup holder, glossy black inserts.

27. BMW X3 (F25) - Production
BMW X3 built between April 27, 2011 and June 8, 2011 were recalled for possible electric power steering system malfunction, leading to loss of power steering.[ BMW X3 recalled over power steering issues]

28. Volkswagen Bora - IRVW 3
It was essentially a feasibility study for newly developed technology such as Anti-lock braking system|anti-lock brakes and Power steering#Electric systems|electric power steering

29. Volkswagen Bora - Features
A Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) transmission, available dual-zone automatic climate control, and Electric Power Steering|electro-mechanical power steering are also new innovations.

30. Automobile controls - Steering
Power steering makes it easier to turn the wheels. Power steering has mostly been Hydraulic machinery|hydraulic but are being replaced by Electric Power Steering|electrical systems.

31. Lexus GS (S190) - Safety systems
VSC with the electric power steering system can immediately alter steering torque assist during evasive maneuvers.

32. Lexus GS (S190) - GRS191 / UZS190 (2005)
Also new to the GS line was an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system replacing the previous model's hydraulic steering pump, while the V8 model featured a Variable Gear Ratio Steering (VGRS) system and Electronically Controlled Brake (ECB) a type of brake-by-wire system

33. BMW X5 (F15) - BMW X5 M50d, BMW Individual range, Original BMW Accessories (2013-)
BMW X5 M50d includes Adaptive M suspension (Dynamic Damper Control and air suspension at the rear axle, Electric Power Steering), 19-inch M light-alloy wheels in double-spoke design, mixed tyres. The optional Dynamic adaptive suspension package includes Dynamic Performance Control and Dynamic Drive active roll stabilisation.

34. Lexus RX –2012
An Electric Power Steering (EPS) system replaces the previous belt-driven hydraulic pump

35. BMW M4 - F82 M4
For the first time in the M vehicle, an electric power steering unit will be used

36. Nissan Micra - Nissan New Micra (2013–)
Visia model includes remote central locking, front power windows, electric power steering, 14-inch wheels and a full complement of safety equipment including driver and front passenger airbags, side airbags and curtain bags, ABS and ESP.

37. ZF Friedrichshafen - Applications
In the ZF Lenksysteme division (a 50:50 joint venture between ZF and Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch), steering systems and components are produced, including steering columns, gears and pumps; Electric Power Steering (EPS); and Active Steering.

38. Lexus IS (XE20) - Technical features
For the IS 250, IS 350, and IS F, engines feature the manufacturer's gasoline direct injection|D-4S direct injection system; these models are ULEV-II emission certified in the United States by the California Air Resources Board. The IS line also features an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system which replaces the previous hydraulic steering pump.

39. Lexus IS (XE20) - USE20 (2007)
The IS F uses an electric power steering|all-electric rack and pinion steering system with a 13.6:1 gear ratio

40. Lexus IS (XE20) - USE20 (2007)
For the 2011 model year the electric power steering system and suspension were revised, with tweaks to the front and rear spring rates, shock absorber dampening, rear bushings and rear camber angle.[ Lexus IS-F- Top Speed] An interior update included the addition of the Sport button to the steering wheel[ Lexus IS350 AWD Model Announced, ES350 Tuned for Regular Fuel | AutoGuide.com News] and a redesign of the gauge cluster featuring a large central tachometer similar to the Lexus LFA

41. An electric power steering rack with a 14.3:1 gear ratio is used
Lexus LFA - Chassis
An electric power steering rack with a 14.3:1 gear ratio is used

42. Mégane Renault Sport - Mégane II Renaultsport
The Mégane II RS was available in three-door and five-door hatchback versions, both with the same engine and it was built at Renault's Dieppe factory, which is where most of their special and race cars are made (like the Clio V6, 5 Turbo, Spyder and Alpine A610 / A110). The Mégane Renault Sport 225 uses double-axis strut suspension with independent steering axis at the front, with electric power steering that reduces its influence as speeds increase.

43. Honda Crider - Overview
All models feature four wheel disc brakes and electric power steering.

44. Lexus GS –2007
New to the GS line was an electric power steering (EPS) system, and both the V8 and hybrid models featured a variable gear ratio steering (VGRS) system and Electronically Controlled Brake (ECB) a type of brake-by-wire system

45. Lexus GS –present
For the 2014 model year, changes to GS 350 includes eight-speed automatic transmission with steering for rear-wheel drive (RWD) model, introduction of F SPORT package (optional Lexus Dynamic Handling system with Dynamic Rear Steering (DRS), Electric Power Steering, Variable Gear Ratio Steering (VGRS)), integrated Siri Eyes Free mode from Apple (compatible with iPhone 4S and iPhone 5 models, flush mounted sensors for available Intuitive Park Assist, full color display added to optional Heads-Up Display, available Blind Spot Monitor adds Rear Cross Traffic Alert and power-folding mirrors, Luxury Package changes (ED foglamps, Superchrome finish for 18-inch wheels, and the rear armrest control panel display adds display option to view radio station and song title information), optional power trunk opener, Lexus Night View system discontinued.

46. Alternator (automotive) - Field regulation
Typical passenger car and light truck alternators are rated around 50-70A, though higher ratings are becoming more common, especially as there is more load on the vehicle's electrical system with Air conditioning#Automobile air conditioners|air conditioning, electric power steering and other electrical systems

47. Lexus CT - Specifications
Sport mode modifies the throttle and electric power steering settings, while making the Stability control and traction control less intrusive, maximising the CT200h's performance

48. Mazda - SkyActiv Technology
These technologies include high compression ratio gasoline engines (13.0 to 1), reduced compression diesel engines (14.0 to 1) with new 2-stage turbocharger design, highly efficient automatic transmissions, lighter weight manual transmissions, lightweight body designs and Electric power steering#Electric systems|electric power steering

49. Drive by wire - Steer by wire
This is not to be confused with Electric Power Steering. Electric Power Steering can be considered as a stage of evolution from mechanical steering to steer by wire systems.

50. Mini Hatch - Technical specifications
Another key difference is the introduction of an upgraded electric power steering system, the sharpness of which can be increased by pressing a Sport button in front of the gear lever (both auto and manual); additionally, the Sport button adjusts the response of the Accelerator (car)|accelerator, and in conjunction with automatic transmission, also allows the engine to rev almost to the redline before changing gear.

51. Dodge i10 - Variants
*'Era': Immobilizer, chrome radiator grille, dual-color interior, electric power steering, manual AC with heater, power windows and bumpers.

52. Ford Mustang (fifth generation) - 2011 and 2012 Mustang
Other, non-powertrain related upgrades made to the 2011 Mustang included a Nexteer Automotive Power steering|Electric Power Steering (EPS) system with pull-drift compensation and active nibble control, general aerodynamic and Noise, vibration, and harshness|NVH improvements over the 2010 Mustang, a digital message/information center, blind spot mirrors integrated into the car's side mirrors, a universal garage door opener, a 160mph speedometer, and Ford'sMyKey programmable vehicle key technology.

53. Ford Expedition
Expedition also features a new Electric power steering#Electric systems|electric power servo-assisted steering and Pull-Drift Compensation (PDC) which detects crosswinds and compensates for it.

54. Land Rover Discovery Sport - Chassis
Power_steering#Electric_systems|Electric power steering is fitted, with 2.43 turns lock to lock and a turning circle of . The electric power steering system allows the Discovery Sport to feature an automatic parking system.

55. Nexteer Automotive - History
*2011: Full Size Truck Rack Electric Power Steering

56. Nexteer Automotive - Products
* Steering Systems: active steering, electric power steering, hydraulic power steering and torque overlay solutions

57. Nexteer Automotive - Products
** Electric Power Steering: Since 1999, Nexteer Automotive has put more than 15 million EPS units on the road, saving more than of fuel.

58. Electronically Controlled Brake
The ECB is an integral part of the company's Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management stability control system, by allowing for automatic brake adjustments, which work in conjunction with variable gear-ratio electric power steering systems.

59. Controller–area network - Automotive
Others are used for Transmission (mechanics)|transmission, airbags, Anti-lock braking system|antilock braking/ABS, cruise control, electric power steering, audio systems, power windows, doors, mirror adjustment, battery and recharging systems for hybrid/electric cars, etc

60. Ford Fiesta - Equipment
Other new equipment includes keyless entry with a 'Ford Power' starter button, reach and rake adjustable steering wheel, electric power steering, and a USB port for portable music players

61. Ford Mustang - Fifth generation (2005–2014)
Electric power steering replaced the conventional hydraulic version

62. Toyota Crown Majesta - First-generation series S140
Advanced for this time, the Crown Majesta had an optional GPS navigation system, electric power steering, heated front and rear electric seats, four-wheel steering, and a head-up display that projected key information on the inside windshield surface above the instrument cluster

63. Ford Escape - Second generation (2007–2012)
The 2008 Escape and its Mercury Mariner#Second generation|Mercury Mariner sibling were the first vehicles to feature Ford's pull-drift steering compensation, an enhancement made possible by applying software control to the Electric Power Steering (EPS) system.

64. Ford Aerostar - HFX Aerostar Ghia (1987)
This included run-flat tires, adjustable pedals, power-sliding side doors, electric power steering, ABS, traction control, seatbelt pretensioners, and movable grille shutters

65. Ford Flex - Active Park Assist
Offered on the Flex is Ford's Active Park Assist system, which finds and measures a suitable parking space, then operates the steering wheel to accomplish the parallel parking task. This feature uses software control of the Electric Power Steering (EPS) system in response to inputs provided by ultrasonic sensors. A competing camera-based system from Lexus takes three times as long.

66. Suzuki Cappuccino
Later versions in Japan had an early production iteration of speed-sensing electric Power steering|power-assisted steering and aluminium double wishbone suspension

67. Steering - Power steering
Electric power steering (EPS) is more efficient than the hydraulic power steering, since the electric power steering motor only needs to provide assistance when the steering wheel is turned, whereas the hydraulic pump must run constantly

68. Acura TL - Fourth generation (UA8-UA9)
Both models use electric power steering rather than hydraulic, and a revised five-speed automatic transmission featuring shift paddles on the steering wheel is standard equipment for both models

69. Suzuki Cervo - Cervo CG72V/CH72V (3rd generation)
In March, three models with the world's first electric power steering (CGPF/CGPL/CGPJ) were added to the lineup, at a juicy 150,000 surcharge

70. Toyota RAV4 - XA30 (2005–2012)
The Toyota RAV4 was completely redesigned for the 2006 model year, using an all-new platform and was first unveiled at the 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show. The new RAV4 uses an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system.

71. Toyota Zelas
Other changes included a wider track, standard wheels, larger brake discs, faster engine, six speed transmission, and a performance-tuned electric power steering system

72. Toyota Highlander Hybrid - Second generation (XU40; 2007–2013)
Also new is an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system

73. Nissan Note - Nissan Note, +Plus navi HDD, Note Rider, Note Rider performance spec (2008-)
*exclusive tuned suspension, Bridgestone Potenza RE-01R 185/55R15 81V tire, sport muffler by Fujitsubo, naming emblem, car speed sensing electric power steering, aluminium pedal

74. Toyota Corolla (E170) - North American version
For the E170 Corolla model, the transmission is an electric power steering system offering improved directness and weight, an electric rack and pinion system eliminates an accessory driven hydraulic steering system reducing parasitic loss. The components of the tilt, telescopic steering structure help improve steering rigidity, and reduce vibration. A more structurally rigid intermediate shaft increases the direct feel of steering. Steering measures 3.19 turns total.

75. Toyota Corolla (E170) - North American version
The S trim offers a SPORT mode with software tuning that alters shift points along with unique electric power steering programming, helps create a sportier driving sensation during normal road and freeway driving

76. Suzuki Jimny - Development history
| style=background:#ffdead;| New coil sprung chassis, more aerodynamic front and new bumpers. engine retained, except top-rung models which got the DOHC four-valve 'K6A' engine - officially also with . K6A versions got standard electric power steering, lesser models with PS made do with hydraulic.

77. Toyota Camry (XV40) - Hybrid
In addition to the hybrid powertrain, the Camry Hybrid employs electric power steering, brakes, and air conditioning that are fully operational once the internal combustion engine is deactivated

78. Saturn Ion –2004
For 2004, Saturn also re-calibrated the electric power steering, as well as upgraded interior materials, and offered new sound systems.

79. Toyota Vios - Malaysia
Electric power steering was offered in place of the hydraulic system in its predecessor

80. Toyota Mark X - Mark X Sport Plus
Standard features on all trim levels include (but not limited to) 6:4 split retractable rear seat, full flat front seat mechanism, 8 cup holders (doors, center console, rear sear armrest), driving mode control switch (Eco Sports Snow), electric power steering, all the doors one-touch power windows (protection + engine OFF after operating functions), vehicle speed-sensitive auto electric door lock (shock sensing door unlock system) push button start and Bi-xenon formula discharge headlamps LED clearance lamps, front double wishbone suspension and rear multi-link suspension (5 links), stabilizer anti roll bars (front-rear), foot-operated parking brake and dual exhaust tail pipe (with diffuser).

81. The Venza uses an electric power steering system.
Toyota FT-SX - (GGV10/15, 2008–)
The Venza uses an electric power steering system.

82. Toyota Prius (XW20) - Development
and also adds an electric power steering system to further minimize engine belt-driven engine accessories

83. BMW Z4 (E85) - Features
The 6-cylinder engines included all-alloy construction, double VANOS variable valve timing and streamlined intake and exhaust manifolds, throttle by wire. Safety technology included four-wheel disc brakes and electronic stability control, incorporating ABS and traction control. The electric power steering was speed-sensitive, allowing for easier manoeuvering at low speeds.

84. Lada Priora - Equipment
Base Prioras come with standard driver's side airbag and electric power steering

85. Fiat Punto - Power steering
The second generation Punto has also adopted the Dualdrive electric power steering and came with two operation modes, using an electric motor, rather than a hydraulic pump driven by the engine. This resulted in reduced fuel consumption and less environmental impact. It has a fuel economy of - urban and - extra urban for the 1.9-L diesel. The 1.8-L petrol does - urban and - extra urban.

86. Mitsubishi Pistachio - Specifications
It had a kerb weight, slim 135/80R13 tyres, electric power steering, lightweight stainless steel exhaust manifold, lightweight aluminium wheels, aluminium hood, thin-gauge glass, and an aluminium seatback.[ Japanese minis grow up], Jack Yamaguchi, SAE Automotive Engineering International, July 2000 Under the hood, it utilized both gasoline direct injection (GDI) and start-stop system|Automatic Stop-Go (ASG), a system which turns off the engine while the vehicle is stationary and automatically restarts it when the clutch is depressed

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