1. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 LECTURE 6

2. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 Introduction to Peace Theology. This course will help the students to appreciate and to evaluate a biblical understanding and contemporary practice of Peace Theology. Such evaluation will be done within the framework of social sciences and informed from the perspective of biblical theology. The students will be intellectually, emotionally, and volitionally involved in the current discussions on the meanings, proposals, and tasks of Peace Theology.

3. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 TOWARDS A TANAKH THEOLOGY OF PSYCHO-SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION

4. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 Harmony with God (Spiritual Transformation) PEACE THEOLOGY THE PEACE OF GOD IS CENTRAL TO THE GOOD NEWS Harmony with Others (Social-Political Transformation) Harmony with the Creation (Economic-Ecological Transformation) Harmony with the Self (Psycho-Social Transformation) PEACEBUILDING=SHALOMLIVING

5. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 LOOKING AT PEACE IN SEVERAL LAYERS SUPPRESSION OF CONFLICT MILITARYPOLITICALECONOMICRELIGIOUS PAX ROMANA UNJUST GLOBALISM JUSTPEACE THE HIGHEST FORM OF PEACE ACHIEVABLE BY HUMAN BEINGS SALAM SHALOM THE PEACE OF GOD -- THE KIND THAT TRANSCENDS UNDERSTANDING TRANFORMATIVE ENGAGEMENT INEVITABLE PRESENCE OF KOSMOS

6. LEAVES: EFFECTS OF CONFLICT :: armed clashes :: looting :: killing :: raids :: displacement :: poverty :: domestic violence :: addiction TRUNK: CORE ISSUES :: land, ancestral domain :: right to self-determination :: historical injustice :: colonial mentality :: ethnic prejudice :: culture of violence ROOTS: CAUSES OF CONFLICT :: colonialism/foreign oppression :: unjust laws :: graft and corruption :: theologies of violence CONFLICTS ARE LIKE TREES MISSINGGOD’SSTANDARD FOR HUMANITY AND THE WHOLECREATION

7. THE CYCLE OF VIOLENCE GROUP INTERACTION: “OPEN MY FIST” CAUSE OF VIOLENCE Focus on meeting needs of self at expense of other PATH OF VIOLENCE Willingness to use violence in pursuit of human needs STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE Unjust systems, institutions, policies that meet some people’s needs at the expense of others SECONDARY VIOLENCE Response to structural violence; crime, domestic violence, sexual VIOLENCE AGAINST SELF Allow destruction of others; self- destruction through alcohol, drugs; depression; suicide

8. NEW START TOWARDS JUST-PEACE CONFRONT CONFLICT NON- VIOLENTLY REDUCE VIOLENCE BUILD CAPACITY THE CYCLE TOWARDS JUST-PEACE TRANSFORM CONFLICT SHORT-TERM, IMMEDIATE APPROACHES LONG-TERM, IMMEDIATE APPROACHES

9. Conflict is an expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce recources, and interference from the other party in achieving their goals. CONFLICT

10. TRANSFORMATION …is to envision and respond to the ebb and flow of social conflict as life-giving opportunities for creating constructive change processes that reduce violence, increase justice in direct interaction and social structures, and respond to real-life problems in human relationships.

11. CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION CONFLICT RESOLUTION Social processes focused on solving specific issues or cases affecting Conflict Transformation. It's the smaller picture that affects the bigger picture. CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION Processes of change in relationships... towards reconciliation... continuous... life-time process... It's the big picture.

12. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 PROCESS OF RECONCILIATION Reconciliation is focused on building relationship between antagonists. Reconciliation is a place, a locus, a space created for encounter by the parties. Reconciliation is a great biblical-theological concept and a practical course of action.

13. HOW CONFLICT TRANSFORMS A COMMUNITY 7. POLARIZATION Change in social organization 6. ANTAGONISM Hostility 5. EYE FOR AN EYE Reaction & escalation 4. NEGATIVE TRIANGLE Talk negatively about, not with 3. ISSUE PROLIFERATION From specific to general 2. SHIFT FROM DISAGREEMENT TO PERSONAL ANTAGONISM Person seen as problem 1. PROBLEM-SOLVING Disagree but share problem CASE NEEDS INTERVENTION P P= =P P P P P P MORE VIOLENCE LESS TRUST LESS ACCURATE COMMUNICATIONLESS DIRECT CONTACT DESTRUCTIVE CONSTRUCTIVE _

14. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 4. NEGATIVE TRIANGLE Talk negatively about, not with THE JOURNEY TOWARDS RECONCILIATION 4. POSITIVE TRIANGLE Talk positively about, not with 7. POLARIZATION Change in social organization 6. ANTAGONISM Hostility 5. EYE FOR AN EYE Reaction & escalation 3. ISSUE PROLIFERATION From specific to general 2. SHIFT FROM DISAGREEMENT TO PERSONAL ANTAGONISM Person seen as problem 1. PROBLEM-SOLVING Disagree but share problem CASE NEEDS INTERVENTION P =P P P P P P LESS VIOLENCE MORE TRUST MORE ACCURATE COMMUNICATION MORE DIRECT CONTACT DESTRUCTIVE CONSTRUCTIVE 7. CEASEFIRE Realize effects of violence 6. MONITOR CEASEFIRE Seek mediation 5. AGREE TO NEGOTIATE Proactive de-escalation M + 3. ISSUE CLARIFICATION From general to specific 2. SHIFT FROM PERSONAL ANTAGONISM TO DISAGREEMENT Person not seen as problem P P= P M M M M M 1. STICK WITH PROBLEM-SOLVING Disagree but share problem

15. WORKSHOP MERCY. TRUTH. JUSTICE. PEACE. If Mercy, Truth, Justice, and Peace are persons, how would you describe their respective characters? Please elaborate. 1.MERCY. 2.TRUTH. 3.JUSTICE. 4.PEACE.

16. PEACE THEOLOGY 101 PARADOXICAL ENERGIZERS OF RECONCILIATION PEACE TRUTH MERCY JUSTICE