1. The Neolithic Age Section 2 (Continued)

2. Civilization Government Classes Culture Specialization of Labor Food Surplus

3. Population growth leads to the development of civilization. 8000 B.C. – 5 million people 4000 B.C. – 90 million people

4. What is the most important factor leading to an increase in population?

5. Food Surplus People remained in one place, building permanent shelters People produced more food than they needed for their families – “SURPLUS” People remained in one place, building permanent shelters People produced more food than they needed for their families – “SURPLUS”

6. Early Villages: Earliest villages were located in SW Asia Dating to about 8000 B.C. Jericho, Abu Hureyra, Catal Huyuk Earliest villages were located in SW Asia Dating to about 8000 B.C. Jericho, Abu Hureyra, Catal Huyuk

7. Jericho 8000 B.C. West Bank between Israel and Jordan

10. This is Jericho from the Bible

11. Jericho Today

12. Abu Hureyra 7500 B.C. Syria

14. Catal Huyuk 6500 – 5700 B.C. Turkey

16. Catal Huyuk Today

17. Drawing of Catal Huyuk

22. Specialization of Labor Development of occupations Fewer people to produce food and do other jobs Trade developed Pottery – carrying and storing food Cloth weaving Metal working – jewelry & weapons

23. Government Land ownership – set boundaries and protected their land Leader (chief) – settled disputes

24. Social Classes A difference between groups of a culture Based on education, income, or family Earliest classes developed in ancient Mesopotamian cultures Today class varies from nation to nation A difference between groups of a culture Based on education, income, or family Earliest classes developed in ancient Mesopotamian cultures Today class varies from nation to nation

25. Other Signs of Culture Religion Language Clothing Celebrations Festivals Many More Religion Language Clothing Celebrations Festivals Many More

26. India Marriage is considered a marriage of two families not just two people The bride traditionally wears red (white signifies death in our culture) groom wears a traditional cream colored long coat called an etchkin with a red turban

27. Turkey Some follow Western dress Muslim men may marry Christian or Jewish women Muslim women must marry Muslim men or those who convert to Islam

28. Muslim Bride

29. Saudi Arabia

30. China

31. Korea

32. Nepal

33. Belgium: St. Nicholas & Pere Noel

34. Brazil & Peru: Papa Noel

35. Finland: Joulupukki Believe Santa lives at Korvatunturi in Finland “Christmas Land” in North Finland Believe Santa lives at Korvatunturi in Finland “Christmas Land” in North Finland

36. France: Père Noël

37. Germany: Father Christmas

38. Hungary: Winter- Grandfather

39. Russia: Father Frost

40. China: Shengdan Laoren

41. England: Father Christmas

42. Greece: St. Nicholas

43. Costa Rica, Colombia, and parts of Mexico, the gift bearer is el Niño Jesus, "the infant Jesus.“

44. Netherlands: Sinter Klaas He rides a white horse, leaving gifts in wooden shoes

45. Sweden: Jultomten

46. Japan: Santa Clause Children often call him "Santa no ojisan," which means "Uncle Santa."

47. Black Peter: Spain, Morocco, Holland, Netherlands

48. Italy: Babbo Natale (which means Father Christmas)

49. Food surplus Cities Government Religion Social classes Specialization Writing Trade/economics Public works Art and architecture