1. FAMOUS SCIENTISTS Nain Singh

2. Grade level 6-8

3. Estimated Time Period Number of days: 3 Number of half-hour 3

4. Description of Lesson To study the life and work of a famous scientist

5. Objectives The student will: 1.Research the life & work of a famous scientist 2.Identify & name three contributions to man.

6. Skills 1.Analyze, interpret, & draw conclusions 2.Reading, organizing, sorting info. 3.Develop interpersonal skills 4.Develop computer skills Internet research Word keyboard skills

7. Print & Non-Print Materials Arrange with the media coordinator for all matrials Collect images of the scientist from the internet ( see attachment).

8. Pre-Lesson Expectations Some knowledge of computer skills

9. Prior to Activities Provide about a dozen names of some famous scientists. Make arrangements for use of the computer lab. Pull resources and place same on mobile carts

10. Activities Day 1: 1.Teacher will introduce the topic of a famous scientist to include the following in report: 2.Early life- date & place of birth, family, educ. 3.Adult life-Occupation, highlights, accomplish 4.Personal characteristics- Physical, personality, people or events 5.Cover page –decorated with accomplishment

11. Activities contd. Typing-2x spacing or neatly handwritten Rough draft – before the final copy Model- something of person’s work/image Bibliography- at least 3 resources Essay of 300 words

12. Day 2 Do Internet research in computer room Take notes Make an outline

13. Day 3 Make rough draft Read some more & continue writing report

14. Day 4 Correct research paper Make cover sheet Finish

15. Assessment Rubric to include: Historically accurate35 points Neatly done20 points Neatly decorated 20 points Labeling- diagrams20 points Bibliography 5 points

16. Direction Report to be neatly typed or handwritten To include at least 3 resources

17. Related Internet Sites www.eyewitnesstohistory.com www.biography.com http://www.indianchild.com/inventions.htm http://cybersleuth- kids.com/sleuth/Science/Inventors/http://cybersleuth- kids.com/sleuth/Science/Inventors/

18. Gregor Mendel

19. Year Of Birth Year Of Death

20. Country of Birth Czechoslovakia

21. Background Information Entered the monastery at age 21 & became an Augustinian monk at age 25 Taught natural science to high school students Theories of heredity were based on his work with pea plants That traits are inherited

22. Mendel’s Work That traits are inherited in certain ratios That inherited traits are carried as discrete units called “Genes” Genotype – total makeup of an organism Observed “Dominant & Recessive” traits in pea plants

23. Mendel’s Work Published a paper called “Experiments with Plant Hybrids” First reported his work at the Brunn Natural History society No one seemed to understand what Mendel was talking about In 1900, Mendel’s work was rediscovered by 3 scientists working independently.

24. Quality of Mendel’s Work Showed brilliant analysis of the questions he sought to answer Design of his experiments & the clarity of his results were outstanding

25. Mendel’s Law of Heredity Heredity factors do not combine, but are passed intact to the offspring Each parent transmits only half of its hereditary factors to each offspring Certain factors are “dominant” over others Different offspring receive different sets of hereditary factors, “Law of Segregation” “Law of Independent Assortments”

26. In cross-pollinating plants that either produce yellow or green peas exclusively, Mendel found that the first offspring generation (f1) always has yellow peas. However, the following generation (f2) consistently has a 3:1 ratio of yellow to green

28. Mendel’s Work Became the foundation of Modern Genetics. Many diseases are known to be inherited Pedigrees are traced to determine desired characteristics Plants are also selected or designed to exhibit desired characteristics in experiments

29. Mendel’s Work Has changed the way we perceive the world and the way we live.

31. Conclusions of Expts. Results 1. Inheritance of a trait is determined by "units" (genes) that are passed on to offspring. 2. An individual inherits one such unit from each parent for each trait 3. A trait may not show up in an individual but can still be passed on to the next generation.

32. For making an impact

35. Mendel’s established important principles 1. the principle of segregation 2.the principle of independent assortment Segregation of alleles

36. 1. Gregor Mendel was: a) an English scientist who carried out research with Charles Darwin b) a little known Central European monk c) an early 20th century Dutch biologist who carried out genetics research

37. 2. Which of the following statements is true about Mendel? a)His discoveries concerning genetic inheritance were generally accepted by the scientific community when he published them during the mid 19th century. b) He believed that genetic traits of parents will usually blend in their children. c) His ideas about genetics apply equally to plants and animals.

38. 3. Mendel believed that the characteristics of pea plants are determined by the: a)inheritance of units or factors from both parents b) inheritance of units or factors from one parent c) relative health of the parent plants at the time of pollination

39. 4. An allele is: a)another word for a gene b) a homozygous genotype c) a heterozygous genotype d) one of several possible forms of a gene

40. 5. Phenotype refers to the ______________________ of an individual. a) genetic makeup b) actual physical appearance c) recessive alleles

41. 6. When the genotype consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype will be like _________________ allele. a) the dominant b) the recessive c) neither

42. 7. Assuming that both parent plants in the diagram below are homozygous, why would all of the f1 generation have yellow phenotypes?

43. 8. The idea that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently is Mendel's principle of: a) unit inheritance b) segregation c) independent assortment

44. 9. The idea that for any particular trait, the pair of alleles of each parent separate and only one allele from each parent passes to an offspring is Mendel's principle of: a) independent assortment b) hybridization c) segregation

45. 10. Probability of Inheritance Punnett Square