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3. 2 Presented To: Mr. Saeed Ur Rehman Mr. Saeed Ur Rehman Presented By: Muhammad Asif (BTE01093002) Zafar Iqbal (BTE01093056) Muhammad Azeem (BTE01093006) 1

4. Solar Energy: It is Feasible In Greenhouse Operations 3 1

5. A patch of 100 square miles of open space covered with efficient solar panels such as in Nevada, where sun rays are powerful, could generate all the electrical power needs of the United States. National Renewable Energy Laboratory FACT! 4 1

6.  Direct heating of flat panel (fluids, space heating)  Thermal power generation (heat engine) via concentration of sunlight  Direct conversion to electrical energy 5 1

7.  The National Park Service  The Department of Transportation  State Governments  Primary and Secondary School Systems  Most Universities  Large Corporations  California / Arizona / Nevada Homeowners 6 1

8. Solar Technology Fits! 7 1

9. Solar Farms? 8 1

10. Source: Karl W. Boer 9 1

11.  Ampere = The number of electrons flowing past a point at any given time.  Volts = The pressure the electrons are under.  Watts = The total force the electron flow exerts.  Ohms = The resistance the hose exerts on the flow of the water. 10 1

12. Series: Volts increase, Amp-hours remain the same Parallel: Parallel: Volts remain the same and the Amp-hours increase! This allows you to configure how many volts, at how many amp-hours your need 11 1

13. BP 4175 – Silicon-nitride mono  Rated Power (Pmax): 175 watts  Power tolerance: ± 5%  Nominal voltage: 24 volts  Limited Warranty: 25 years 12 1

14. Battery Storage  Needs to be isolated  Requires maintenance  Must be vented!  Needs to be planned for peak demands  Safety equipment required! 13 1

15. Basic Solar (PV) System 14 1

16. Basic Greenhouse System 1515 1

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18.  Solar energy may be useful as primary electricity source if energy efficient, direct-current equipment is used in the greenhouse facility, or if battery efficiency improves.  Solar energy is already a useful backup or emergency energy source for key systems such as pumps, lights, vents and fans.  As cost decreases and solar panel efficiency increases, the use of a combined solar electricity and thermal water solar systems to heat greenhouses may be the best way to go. Hot water is the most efficient transfer method! 17 1

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