1. Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Chapter 8 Part 2 Pages 914 to 945

2. Recovery Strategies Figure 8-4 on page 916

3. Recovery Strategies Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD) Recovery Time Objective (RTO) – Acceptable downtime to avoid unacceptable consequences Work Recovery Time (WRT) – Restoring data, testing, making everything live Recovery Point Object (RPO) – Acceptable data loss

4. Recovery Strategies MTD, RTO, WRT, RPO help determine recovery solutions The are derived during BIA “Let’s say a company has determined if it cannot process order requests for 12 hours, the financial hit will be too large for it to survive.”

5. Recovery Strategies Figure 8-4 on page 916 Recovery Strategy Stages – Table 8-2 on page 917 List on page 918

6. Recovery Nondisaster – Hard disk failure Disaster – Facility is unusable for a day or longer. – Usually requires restoration from offsite copies Catastrophe – Destruction of facility

7. Recovery Mean time between failures (MTBF) Mean time to repair (MTTR)

8. Facility Recovery Hot site – fully configured and ready to run, expensive Warm site – Leased or rented, partially configured with infrastructure, but not computers Cold site – Leased or rented empty data center

9. Reciprocal agreement Company A and Company B agree to use each other ‘s facilities Most environment maxed out Stress level of two companies sharing facilities Mutual aid agreement – agree to help each other in an emergency

10. Redundant Sites Site configure exactly like primary site Most expensive backup option If a company could lose a million dollars if it were out of business for a few hours, the loss would override the cost of this option.

11. Facility Recovery Rolling hot site – back of large truck or trailer Multiple processing centers – Throughout the world? – Move all processing in a matter of seconds.

12. Challenges Many organizations do not totally understand how their networks are configured Will images work on new computers? Customized software from vendor when not given source code. – What if vendor goes bankrupt – Software escrow

13. Documentation Recovery procedures need to be documented – How to install images, configure OS and servers, install software – Who should be contacted

14. Human Resources If offsite facility is 250 miles away, how do we get people there and housed. Identify user requirements to carry out their job. Today we are extremely dependent on technology Executive Succession Plan – Loss of senior executive does not create leadership vacuum

15. Backups Full backup – all data is backed up Differential backup – All files that have modified since last full backup Incremental backup – all files that have been modified since last full or incremental backup

16. Backups Critical data should be backed up and stored both at an onsite area and an offsite area. Make sure back ups can be properly restored.

17. Backup Solutions Data shadowing – duplicating hardware and maintaining more than one copy of the information. Maybe more than one disk for the image. Data mirroring – Mirrored disk Multiple reads in parallel

18. Backup Solutions Electronic vaulting – If files are modified, periodically transmit them to an offsite backup. Once a hour, day, week, or month. Remote journaling – move transaction logs to offsite facility

19. Backup Solutions Asynchronous replication – Secondary data volumes are synched in seconds, hours or days. Synchronous replication – primary and secondary repositories are always in synch. Figure 8-7 on page 942

20. High Availability Hosting company’s SLA to get items fixed if it does go down. Example: Promise specific turnaround time for service interruption.

21. High Availability Fault tolerance – RAID disks Parity data to rebuild disks Failover capability – Switch over to a working system Cluster of servers – Load balancing – Failover capability

22. Insurance Cyber insurance – Losses due to denial-of-service, malware, hackers, etc. Business interruption insurance – If the company is out of business for a certain length of time, the insurance company will pay for specified expenses and lost earnings.