1. 1 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Content Delivery Solutions Fabrice Serey fserey@cisco.com Zagreb 23/09/02

2. Agenda What is CDN ? Content Switches and their applications in Data Centers. Caching or how to increase end users response time. IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming solution Conclusion

3. 33 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Overcomes Performance Bottlenecks Peering Point Congestion Origin Server Scalability, Speed of Light Internet Backbone Cross-Internet connections Premises Network Local Loop T1, DSL, Cable Modem Dial-up 10 Mb to 1 Gb Ethernet Gigabit Optical Network Peering Capacity, ISP Network Capacity Last Mile Bandwidth “ Middle Mile”

4. 44 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 CDN definition Major incumbent PTT operator “CDNs accelerate the delivery of Web contents by solving access and congestion problems. They open the way to new high- rate service (audiovisual applications, games). After first being only dedicated to Internet, CDNs have now spread to the market of multi-site companies and companies implementing high rate services on their Intranet.”

5. 55 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 5 Key Elements of Content Networks Content Services Content Delivery Network Management Content Switching Content Routing Content Distribution & Delivery

6. Agenda CDN technical introduction. Content Switches and their applications in data centers. Caching or how to increase end users response time. IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming solution Conclusion

7. 77 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Internet Traditional Load Balancing : DNS round robin Web Server Farm User DNS www.dog.comwww.dog.com 1.1.1.1;1.1.1.2 Load Balancing not mapped to the real load of the server DNS does not know state of the server Client interprets differently DNS A record with multiple IP@

8. 88 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Internet Step 1: User clicks: www.dog.com Browser talks to DNS for IP Address Browser sends TCP SYN (connect?) Step 2: Switch Sends TCP SYN ACK to browser Step 3: Browser sends URL: www.dog.com Step 4: Switch determines Best Server Step 5: Switch connects to Best Server and splices TCP connection How Content Services Switching Works

9. 99 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Content Intelligence Defined Full content switching on: Host Tag Entire URL Dynamic Cookie location File extension 000’s of rules 000’s of services 00’s of services per content rule Switching on MAC address, VLANs IP Routing 802.1 P/Q policy Session load balancing by IP address and TCP port Policy based on TCP port Limited URL filtering on: Non HTTP GET HTTP w/ Cookies File extension Limited URL visibility 64 strings <=40 bytes 32 rules <= 8 bytes L4“session”Switch L4 extended with URL filtering L3 Switch Content Services Switch

10. 10 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 What is being requested? Who is requesting it? Provide redundancy Location of best server? Why a content switch ? http://www. media.com Platinum Account Trading Flash Crowd Insurance Real-time Stock Quotes Real-time Investor Chat Room Account Browsing & Customer Service Investor Chat Room Account Browsing & Customer Service

11. 11 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Site & System Security DMZ Secure Services Web site Security Prevents Denial of Service attacks Stateful access control Firewall Load Balancing Internet Attacker

12. 12 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 And even more… Intelligent redirection Cookie sticky Automatic Content Replication Data Centers load balancing User-tailored Web Services SSL termination Box to box redundancy …

13. 13 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Cisco 1150X Content Services Switch CSS 11503 CSS 11506 40 Gbps Switch Fabric Up to 6 modules Up to 80 FE plus 2GE Up to 12 GE Redundant AC or DC

14. 14 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Content Switching Module High-performance layer 4-7 load balancer of servers, firewalls, caches and more Single-slot linecard for catalyst 6500 Custom network-processor-based hardware Full regular expression support (URLs, cookies, HTTP header parsing)

15. 15 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Reasons for a data center ? For operator internal use (ISP services, hosting operator portal, internal services) To sell new commercial services (with or without VPNs)

16. 16 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Data Center ”Layered model” Shared Hosting Dedicated Hosting Co- Location Streaming Managed Security Internet VPN (FR or ATM PVC, MPLS VPN)

17. 17 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Hosting Solution Engine Data Center Load Balancing For Internet and Intranet Web Servers ISP-1ISP-2 Database Servers PIX ™ Firewall Content Switch SSL Content Accelerator Content Switch

18. 18 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Why a Content Switch ? For intelligent servers load balancing (Web servers, Database…) To increase availability To create high value web hosting services To load balance firewall To offload web servers (SSL termination) …

19. Agenda CDN technical introduction. Content Switches and their applications in data centers. Caching or how to increase end users response time. IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming solution Conclusion

20. 20 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 How to cache the content ? PROXY caching TRANSPARENT caching REVERSE PROXY caching

21. 21 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Proxy Caching Cache Miss Example: Cache 200.200.200.1 Origin Server www.dogs.com Client Enterprise Network Internet Dest. IP: 200.200.200.1 Dest. Port: 8080 Get: “//www.dogs.com/training” No DNS lookup required by client 3. DNS resolve of www.dogs.com 6. Content stored on cache 5. Origin returns content 7. Content sent to client 4. Content request to Origin 2. Cache Miss 1. Client request to proxy cache

22. 22 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Transparent Caching Cache Miss Example: Origin Server www.dogs.com 192.4.7.1 Dest. IP: 192.4.7.1 Dest. Port: 80 Get: “/training” Host: www.dogs.com 1. DNS resolve of www.dogs.com Enterprise Network Internet Client Cache 200.200.200.1 2. Client request to origin 3. Intercepts TCP port 80 traffic and forwards request to cache 7. Content stored on cache 6. Origin returns content 4. Cache Miss 8. Content sent to client 5. Content request to Origin

23. 23 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Why caching ? Faster network response time Decrease traffic load on expensive peering links Ease traffic monitoring and management (filtering)

24. 24 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Internet access for residential customers Service Provider WAN POP2 POP3 POP4 POP1 Dial-Up Cable ADSL ETH BGP peering with External AS As#12 As#124 As#317

25. 25 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 Faster network response time ce590#sh stat http perf Statistics - Performance Avg Min Max Last ------------------------------------------------------------- Requests / Second:- - 240 143 Bytes / Second: - - 1316454 773902 Seconds / Request: 1.4110.000 11637.331 0.990 Seconds / Hit: 0.0910.000 1502.203 0.242 Seconds / Miss: 2.2740.000 11637.331 1.871 ------------------------------------------------------------- Cache eliminate this delay Seconds/Miss depends on peering links to the internet (typically 1-6 seconds) RT = RT SP + RT internet + RT webserver

26. 26 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 Decrease traffic load on expensive peering links ce590#show stat http saving Statistics - Savings Requests Bytes ----------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2374343 12173144019 Hits: 1260618 4191382183 Miss: 1113725 7981761836 Savings: 53.1 % 34.4 % Bandwidth saving depends on country and type of users Typical residential and university saving = 30% - 50% Business Users, Saving = 20% - 40%

27. 27 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 Cost Saving Calculation Monthly savings = Bandwidth (Mbps) x Monthly BW cost/Mbps x Percent HTTP traffic x Byte hit rate Payback period = purchase price / monthly savings

28. 28 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 Filtering Web Sense : The best URL database Out of the box Web Sense server Smart Filter : The most common tools Inside the box Smart Filter agent Smart Filter GUI + License N2H2

29. 29 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 Cisco Content Engine Product Line All models have (2) 10BaseT/100BaseTX interfaces. CE 7320 also has (2) GigE (fiber) ports. AC and DC versions will be offered for the CE 590 and CE 7320. (a) An external Cisco Storage Array is required for optimal performance. Cisco Storage Array 6: 6x18=108 GB: $13,000 (3 RU) Cisco Storage Array 12: 12x18=216 GB: $21,500 (3 RU) Rack Units Storage (GB) CustomerSolution HTTP Performance Base Price Regional Sites CE 560 (a) 20 Mbps 8192 Client Side CC 20 Mbps 8192 Client Side CC 1-4 36–144 $15,000 Small Branch Sites CE 507 CE 507AV CE 507 CE 507AV T1/E1 1111 1111 18–36 18 18–36 18 $5,500 $6,995 $5,500 $6,995 CE 590 (a) 45+ Mbps 16384 Client Side CC 45+ Mbps 16384 Client Side CC 1-4 72–252 $25,000 Service Providers, Enterprises Service Providers, Enterprises Large Service Providers Large Service Providers CE 7320 (a) 155+ Mbps 65536 Client Side CC 155+ Mbps 65536 Client Side CC 4-7 180–396 $90,000

30. Agenda CDN technical introduction. Content Switches and their applications in data centers. Caching or how to increase end users response time. IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming Solution Conclusion

31. 31 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 Content Delivery Networks Bringing Content Closer to Users Origin Web Server Content Router Server Load Balancer and Content Servers Local DNS Server

32. 32 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 Video On Demand Managed Streaming Server* Managed Streaming Server* Streaming technology Live Traffic Un-managed Streaming Server** Un-managed Streaming Server** Stream Splitting Transparent Caching and CONTENT PREPOSITIONING (E-CDN, I-CDN) Transparent Caching and CONTENT PREPOSITIONING (E-CDN, I-CDN) Transparent Caching *Managed streaming server : Owned by the SP in one location **Un-managed streaming server : Server on the internet

33. 33 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 Content Engine Streaming capabilities Full support of RealNetwork functionalities (Proxy, Subscribers, Servers) Full support of Windows Media functionalities (Native WMS, v4.1)

34. 34 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 Pay Per View Service SP are willing to sell more than just Internet access and VPN. Interest in voice and video. New promising service: Video and Interactive gaming PPV is ONE possible video service Video technology is still in its infancy. Microsoft is taking large market share.

35. 35 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 35 PPV foundation: Video Streaming VideoServer Video library Content VoD Content Live 1. Encoding = codec, bit rate, image size, frame per second, key image intervall 2. Streaming protocol Codec on PC IP network

36. 36 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 36 …with DRM and Billing User buy the rights to view a file for a limited amount of time (1 day) Can not store the file on his PC DRM : Digital Right Mngt Server Unique Per Content Provider 300kbit/s streams 900kbit/s streams Residential Service Provider Backbone Datacenter VideoServer Broadband access ADSL, Cable, ETTH Video Library Billing (Outsourced) Encrypted Stream License aquisition

37. 37 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 Codec: Which quality to expect? Image quality Bandwith (Codec) Access Type Bad VHS on TV & PC 360kbps ADSL 512Kbps, Cable* 512kbps ETTH VHS on TV 700kbps ADSL 1Mbps, ETTH Corporate Access DVD on TV >900kbps ETTH Corporate Access DVD on PC 2000kbps ETTH Corporate Access *might have an issue with QoS Assumption: Video are streamed on TV, not stored and play

38. 38 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 38 Who is the competition ? VoD Near VoD Life Analog TVDigital TV (Cable, Satellite*)(Cable, Hertzian) Video Rental Store IP pay per View* *Needs setup boxe to connect TV

39. 39 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 39 How can Cisco help ? 300kbit/s streams 900kbit/s streams Residential Service Provider Backbone Datacenter VideoServer Video Library Broadband access ADSL, Cable, ETTH

40. Agenda CDN technical introduction. Content Switches and their applications in data centers. Caching or how to increase end users response time. IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming Solution Conclusion

41. 41 © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 41 Content Delivery Networks System Building Blocks Highly available, scalable, performance network at Layer 2/3 StreamingApplications E-Commerce Web Hosting Content Delivery Services Content Delivery Networks L2/L3 Networks Intelligent Network Services Content Distribution & Management ContentRoutingContentSwitching Content Edge Delivery MobileFixedWirelessCable DSL Dedicated/ATM/FR ISDN/Dial

42. Thank You !!!