1. Chapter 18 Islamic Empires in Asia
Section One: The Ottoman Empire

2. I. The Rise of the Ottomans
Start- 1200’s Osman- ghazi leader (Turkish) defeats Byzantines in Asia Minor
The elite Ottoman army
1. Slave soldiers- Janissaries
Timur challenges the Ottomans
1. Turko-Mongol leader- defeated Otoomans
Recovery and expansion
Mehmed II- conquered Constantinople in renamed Istanbul
Sultan Suleyman
a. Brought Empire to height- ruled over most of eastern Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa

3. II. Ottoman Government and Society
Sultans- supreme leader, second viziers
1. Two class system- ruling or reaya- mobility
The Millet System
Different religious groups- Muslim Turks in Anatolia, Christians and Jews in Balkans, Muslim Arabs in Fertile Crescent- caused tensions
Separate religious communities
Slow decline begins
After Suleyman Ottoman power declines as European countries get stronger
Economic trouble- lost control of silk and spice trade
Corruption
Ends in 1923 when Turkey becomes a republic

4. Fun Facts
Each of the suits on a deck of cards represents the four major pillars of the economy in the middle ages: heart represented the Church, spades represented the military, clubs represented agriculture, and diamonds represented the merchant class.
The king of hearts is the only king without a moustache.
The three best-known western names in China: Jesus Christ, Richard Nixon, and Elvis Presley.
You burn more calories sleeping than you do watching TV.