1. 7 th grade trimester 3 American Songs

2. First American Music The first of many songs of America was the songs of the INDIANS. Native American drums, rattles, and shakers were the instruments made by hand by the INDIANS to celebrate births, cure the sick. –Drums used for communication from tribe to tribe –Flutes were made from hollow trees c. Music was sung and danced by the men in the tribe d. Music was passed down orally from generation to generation (father to son, mother to daughter) and only written down recently.

3. First American Composer 1620… the Pilgrims landed in Plymouth Rock, MA. The ENGLISH settlers landed and brought with them the AINSWORHT PSALTER, a book of psalms. The FIRST hymnal printed in AMERICA was THE BAY PSALM BOOK in 1640. –Pilgrims settled in NEW ENGLAND –NO INSTRUMENTS PERMITTED IN THE HOME OR CHURCH Example of PILGRIM SONGS WHEN JESUS WEPT by WILLIAM BILLINGS, the first American Composer. This song is in our BREAKING BREAD hymnal.

4. 4. Early American Songs The colonists sang about life in AMERICA or the country from which they had come. STORY SONGS are called BALLADS. Example of a ballad: CLEMENTINE (1800); On Top of Old Smoky, She’ll be coming round the mountain Most ballads have no name for a composer

5. 5. Revolutionary War Songs Colonists were also singing of their discontent. In 1776 THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR BEGAN… BOSTON TEA PARTY : DISCONTENT BECAME REBELLION Hymn-writer WILLIAM BILLINGS penned an original song, CHESTER. This song became a marching song that was sung from Maine to Georgia throughout the Revolutionary War. Colonial Fife and Drums trilled YANKEE DOODLE, poking fun at the British Army and hailing George Washington as the better general. Original tune was named “YANKEE TOOTLE” Did you know what instruments Ben Franklin played? (the Cello and Glass Armonica) Thomas Jefferson? (The Violin)

6. First American President’s 1.George became our first President in 1789. The song HAIL COLUMBIA was written by Joseph Hopkinson, the son of one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence and performed at his first inauguration as President of the United States. Sharing his father's talents for verse and song, Joseph Hopkinson in 1798 composed the lyrics for the patriotic song "Hail Columbia" to be sung to the tune of "The President's March

7. 9.Our National Anthem The United States emerged from the WAR of 1812. FRANCES SCOTT KEY, wrote THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER, while a prisoner of war during the Battle of Fort McHenry near Baltimore, Maryland. He wrote the first verse on a envelope in his pocket. He later wrote THREE more verses. The original verse three has been dropped from most music books leaving three verses. (Extra credit to memorize verses 2 and 3 and find missing verse during trimester 3)

8. Can you analyze the song? Analysis of the music Francis S. Key wrote in 1814. a. Key of the song: Key of Ab major b. Meter (Time signature) of the music: 3 4 c. This Song starts on two pick-up notes on the 3 rd beat of that “invisible measure”. (a pick-up measure) d. Form of the song: A B A B C D E F e. Song form: Verse only f. style of song Patriotic

9. Other songs about America Irving Berlin: God Bless America He wrote the words and the music! Katherine Lee Bates: America the Beautiful She only wrote the words in a poem. Samuel Smith: America He only wrote the words in a poem. Every song except God Bless America Irving Berlin first a poem and put to another song melody.

10. 10-11. Sea Chanteys Sea Chanteys flourished… New England down the Eastern coast of the USA…Plymouth, MA, Boston, MA, New York Harbor; Philadelphia, PA; Providence, RI; Bath, MA; Norfolk, VA; Baltimore, MD; Charlotte, NC (Fort Sumter) Blow the Man Down, Cape Cod Girls… Sung by men Form: CALL (1 st mate) AND RESPONSE (men) Boatman’s Dance: a River work song Music was used as a way to keep the sailors in UNISON The purpose was to ease and reduce the strain of often brutal work

11. 12. Settler’s Song Songs were sung in BALLADS Songs that told a story….. Ballad of the Edmund Fitzgerald – Clementine – Simple Gifts was a “Shaker” tune used by Aaron Copland, an American composer in his “Appalachian Spring”, an American ballet. Early American instruments: Fiddle, the guitar, the banjo, washboard and jaw harp, Traditional instruments from Europe: Violin, piano, were played at home in a room dedicated to music. drum and bugles were played in the military bands.

12. 13. Railroad Songs Railroad Songs of Early America I’ve been working on the railroad Casey Jones She’ll Be Coming Round the Mountain

13. 14. Cowboys Our western states….music around campfires on the trail during cattle drives. Home on the Range Red River Valley The cowboy’s favorite instrument was the acoustic guitar. Why?

14. Spirituals and Southern work songs Songs of deliverance from slavery Songs of hope in God Songs to show faith in God EX. I’ve got a robe p162 (SPOTLIGHT) P44 (Share) Oh, Sinner Man P53 (Share) I Saw the Light What instrument was brought from Africa and became an American instrument?

15. Civil War 1861- 64. 16. In 1861, Julia Ward Howe, an Southerner, abolitionist and Feminist, wrote a poem to the tune” “John Brown’s Body”. In the Civil War, it became the marching song of the NORTH because President Abraham Lincoln said. “I like that song!” The hymn version is still in the breaking bread. Julia was a poet and lyricist…She didn’t know it would become a favorite American song even today!

16. Southern Army Songs 16. The South marched to a popular song in the Days before the war…”Dixie” written by a Northern songwriter, Daniel Decatur Emmett. He was a minstrel, a traveling musician…and was performing in a minstrel show before the war broke out…The song gave the southern states a name for their country…DIXIE

17. More POPULAR SONGS from the 1800’s 16 Another popular song during the Civil War….When Johnny Comes Marching Home again... Patrick Gilmore Morton Gould composed American Salute, a THEME AND VARIATIONS ARRANGEMENT for orchestra using “When Johnny Comes Marching Home” as his THEME. How did he change it in the variations?

18. 18. Stephen Foster a. He was born in Pennsylvania b. He moved south before the Civil War. c. He wrote over 200 songs about life in the south Minstrel: traveling musician (Troubadour) d. His most memorable songs: Oh Susanna, My Old Kentucky Home, and Camptown Races

19. 19. Famous American Marches March King: John Phillip Sousa (1854-1932) 1. known as the “March King” wrote many American marches (over 100) 2. Director of the Marine Band called “The President’s Own” (performs at the White House) 3. HE create his own band Sousa Band, Sousaphone, Philadelphia/Willow Grove Park Form: A A B B C D C D C Stars and Stripes; Washington Post, and Sempre Fideles

20. Song analysis project Song teams 1. pick a song group leader 2. Find a song to analyze 3. Check with Mrs. H. to see if it is approved 4. Fill out paper…in class May 9/10 5. Performance due in May 16/24

21. Music Videos Music videos are due to Mrs. Helinsky on or before Friday, June 6/7 Your video attached with a rubric and lyrics (Your name must be on label or taped to video)