1. PLURAL
Tea Tamm
2005

2. Main topics
Forming plural
Count nouns
Irregular plural
Exercise

3. Usually formed by adding -S
A dog – 2 dogs
A rose – 2 roses
A book – some books
A girl – many girls
A mistake – few mistakes

4. Add –ES when a word ends with -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x
A bus – two buses
An ass – 3 asses
A brush – several brushes
A church – few churches
A box – many boxes

5. The word ends with a consonant + Y = -IES
A fly – flies
A story – stories
A baby – babies
A lady – ladies

6. The word ends with a vowel+ Y, you add -S
A key – keys
A monkey – monkeys
A play – plays
A way – ways
A day – days

7. Some exceptions – words ending in –O – you add -ES
A potato – potatoes
A tomato – tomatoes
A hero – heroes
USUALLY: photos, pianos, kilos

8. An exception: after –f/-fe F changes into V and –ES is added
A leaf – leaves
A half – halves
A thief – thieves
A knife – knives
A wife – wives

9. IRREGULAR PLURALS Man – men Woman – women Foot – feet Tooth – teeth
Mouse – mice
Goose – geece
Child – children

10. You pronounce: [s] - after f, k, p, t - roofs, cakes, tops, months
[z] - after vowels and b, d, g, l, m, n, r, v - stars, tears, bees, dogs, trains, friends
[iz] - after s, ch, sh, dž, x - boxes, faces, matches, pages

11. Don’t confuse with 3rd person singular in Present Simple tense!
Watch: He has two watches. (N) He watches TV. (V)
Play: Shakespeare wrote many plays. (N) He plays football. (V)
Wish: He sends his best wishes. (N) He wishes me happy birthday. (V)
Brush: He buys brushes. (N) He brushes his teeth twice a day. (V)

12. Exercise: say/write in plural
Car
Knife
Child
House
Dollar
Foot
Baby
Mouse
Church
Woman
Bottle
Lion
Page
Man
Orange
Tooth
Night
Tomato

13. Check Cars Knives Children Houses Feet Babies Mice Churches Women
Bottles
Cry
Pages
Men
Oranges
Teeth
Tomatoes