1. Cross Cultural Leadership Lecture
Ocean University of China
Qingdao, China
February 28, 2005

2. What I will cover: Personal Introduction
About the International University of Monaco
Aspects of Management and Leadership
Basic concepts of culture
Cross Cultural Management
Aspects of cross cultural leadership
Finish

3. Who Am I? … ….William S. Lightfoot, Ph. D.
Today
Associate Dean, MBA Program
International University of Monaco (France/Italy)
Teach: Strategy, Product Management, MIS, Operations
Father/Husband
2 daughters (10 and 12)
Have taught: US, Canada, Greece, Monaco
My Background
20 Years business experience:
12 in Large Companies
2 Family Business
4 Consulting
2 Start up operations
Bachelors in Electrical Engineering
MBA
Ph. D. Organization and Management

4. About the International University of Monaco

5. Where is Monaco
Where the Alps meet the Mediterranean Sea…and France meets Italy.

6. What Monaco is known for…
The Princes’ Family…
Luxury
Wealth
Prestige
Sports
ASM Monaco #2 Club Team in Europe (Football)
Monte Carlo Grand Prix (Formula 1)

7. What it means to be in Monaco:
Location
Access to ‘industry’ leaders
Multiculturalism/Diversity*
Entrepreneurial Spirit
* IUM is Ranked #1 in the Economist Rankings
Multicultural Student Body
Monaco
EUROPE/Mediterranean

8. About IUM Small, private, prestigious University
A Top 100 MBA (The Economist)
#1 in Student Diversity
Follow the AMERICAN curriculum
Expertise in:
Luxury Brand Management
Finance/Wealth Management
Entrepreneurship
Sponsor of the NeXT Generation Entrepreneurs Forum
‘An American MBA Program with the #1 ranking in student diversity!’

9. IUM is located in Monte-Carlo, in the Principality of Monaco
IUM is located in Monte-Carlo, in the Principality of Monaco. Most of you may wonder what is the difference between Monaco and MC ? Actualy, MC is the place where you can find the Casino, luxury hotels, (show the upper part of the photo) and our university is in this part of MC (show the lower part of the photo). The Principality of Monaco is the whole country.

10. Basic concepts of culture: 3 domains of cultural knowledge
General cultural knowledge
Freely available knowledge about cultures
Specific cultural knowledge
Peculiar to a given source of common knowledge – relevant to firm’s operations
Cross-cultural knowledge
Applied in cross-cultural interactions and continually updated with experience.
Cross Cultural Knowledge
Specific Knowledge
General Knowledge

11. Culture Members of a culture system share: Transmitted by symbols
Set of ideas
Values
Transmitted by symbols
Produced by past actions of a group and its members
Culture is learned;
Culture shapes behavior;
Culture influences ones perception of the world;

12. How culture is perceived:
Culture as an aspect of:
National or ethnic grouping
Special qualities of an organization
Mental attributes
Past studies have attempted to group cultures by nationality.

13. Risk Avoidance vs. Respect for Hierarchy
Willing to take Chances
China
China
China
High Respect for Hierarchy
Where do the Chinese people fit?

14. Differences can lead to a fixation with culture shock.
Core Problems
Much focus on differences.
Can lead to fear/discomfort.
Can lead to retreat home.
Core Solutions
Development of cross cultural
skills possibly through training and positive experiences
Creating the need for ‘Cross-cultural managers.’
Thematic model of core problems and core solutions in the
Cross-cultural management literature. – page 30; Holden.

15. Cross Cultural Management:
Responsible for managing the interaction between people from different cultural groups
Responsible for enabling learning
By joining the Ocean/Northumbria program, you are taking responsibility for your own learning…a VERY important first step towards success.

16. Task of cross-cultural management:
Redistribution of common knowledge;
Connecting centers of common knowledge through the creation of a common serviceable language. (p. 228)
Cross Cultural Manager is a facilitator of CC Interactions

17. The cross-cultural manager is also…
A communicator;
A global knowledge worker;
AND:
They guide Multicultural teams;
They run the global organization.
Cross-cultural managers are concerned with business ethics,
and social responsibility.

18. Backgrounds of Successful Cross Cultural Managers:
Good, general education (business & liberal arts/humanities)
Useful international experience
Widened, deepened mind
Work, education, or long-term residence in another country
Know-how to apply intelligence and tact
Knowledge of a modern foreign language
Computer literacy
CC Managers focus on short term achievements…and leaders?

19. Leaders have … A presence and a passion Emanate positive energy…
Often an expertise
Emanate positive energy…
Attractive to others (‘followers’)

20. Leaders also… Can ‘see’ a future others cannot
Not always clear
Sets the direction
And an achievement orientation
Great leaders want to be part of achieving great things…
Leaders are visionaries…strategists.

21. Cross Cultural Leaders…
Have all of this…Passion, Presence, Vision, Achievement orientation…PLUS
Open minded
Curious
Courageous
They have a strong desire to work with people from other cultures….

22. Where are you on the path?
Leadership (Strategic)
Management (Tactical)
Work Experience
Masters Degree
Bachelors Degree

23. Who are GREAT leaders? Who do you consider a great leader? Why?
Ghandi?
Martin Luther King?
Mother Theresa?
Jack Welch?
Philip Green?
Queen Elizabeth I
Hitler?
Bishop Tutu?
Mao?
Who do you consider a great leader? Why?

24. ‘Education is not filling a bucket but lighting a fire.’
William Butler Yeats
‘Education is not filling a bucket but lighting a fire.’

25. Thank you!