1. Writing Across the Curriculum Collins’ Writing

2. To develop successful, life-long writers, students must have: Opportunities to: write in many environments experiment with voice and audience Purpose beyond just a grade Some choice in topic and form Consistent structure/framework Contextual instruction Purposeful feedback

3. Five Types of Writing Type 1 – Capture Ideas Type 2 – Respond Correctly Type 3 – Edit for Focus Correction Areas (FCAs) Type 4 - Peer Edit for FCAs Type 5 – Publish

4. Type 1 – Capture Ideas Writing that has no correct answer, or is OK to guess. Quick One draft Effort or Participation grade only Example: Please Do Now!, free write, journal entry

5. Type 2 – Respond Correctly Writing that makes a point It has a correct answer or content One draft Quick Can be used to assess student knowledge (quiz) Promotes active learning – students required to produce rather than identifying information

6. TYPE 3 WRITING

7. Focus Correction Areas (FCAs) Provide specific information about the criteria used to evaluate an assignment Selective approach to correcting writing Means of structuring a writing program Focuses instruction and feedback Consistency across curriculum No OVERcorrecting

8. “Focus correcting saves grading time and helps students consider the quality of the paper in relationship to a few clearly specified criteria rather than an infinite number of highly subjective criteria.” ~ John Collins

9. For Best Results FCAs should be: Systemic (vertically articulated/ grade levels) Limited Use an FCA only after explicit instruction in that skill Mix of criteria Organization, content, style and mechanics

10. Type 3 – Edit for FCAs Most authentic academic writing Read out loud Reviewed by the author using 3 critical questions Does it complete the assignment? Is it easy to read? Does it fulfill the focus correction area? One Draft Efficient and easy to grade It can take any form: essay, letter, story, etc.

11. FCAs for Expository Writing STYLE Appropriate word choice/audience Active, not passive voice Concise, complete sentences. Powerful verbs Mix of sentence lengths

12. FCAs for Expository Writing CONTENT and Critical Thinking Accurate, factual statements Technical vocabulary used correctly Facts and relevant details to support thesis

13. FCAs for Expository Writing ORGANIZATION Introduction draws reader in Conclusion reinforces thesis Transitions help reader move from point to point

14. Differentiation Struggling Writers Average Writers Advanced Writers Three examples from the text Use examples from the textGive sufficient support Write one short sentence (10 or fewer words )and one medium sentence (11-20 words) Include short, medium and long sentences (21 or more words) Use sentence variety Underline three vivid verbsUse at least 5 vivid verbsUse vivid verbs More specific FCA Less specific FCA

15. For Content Area Teachers What’s most important to your area? How can you help reinforce skills being taught at your grade level? Example: 3 clearly stated reasons: 30 points 2 relevant examples from text to support each reason: 60 points Correct use of capitalization: 10 points

16. Type 3 Example: Title: Explaining the Periodic Table Purpose: Practical/Informative Writer’s Role: Write as if you were a science textbook writer Audience: students in grades six, seven, or eight Form: Multi-paragraph textbook selection

17. Example cont. Focus Correction Areas: 1. Describe what the Periodic Table is and why it is important. (45pts) 2. Explain how to use the Periodic Table (45pts) 3. Capitalization and end marks (10 pts, 5 off each error)

18. Type 4 – Peer Edit for FCAs Writing that is Type Three writing AND has been read out loud and critiqued by another Two drafts Produces fair and objective evaluations Promotes sharing of ideas, insights, information Produces most improvement in writing and thinking skills

19. Type 5 – Publish Type Three writing AND has been read out loud and critiqued by another Two drafts Real World Standards