1. Nobuhito Mori and Junichi Ninomiya Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University, Japan Collaborators John C. Warner (USGS) Eric D’Asaro (U Washington) C.T Chen (NCDR, Taiwan) Metrological Research Institute, Japan + Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan COAWST in Kyoto August 25-28, WHOI

2. On Going Studies Typhoon modeling: WRF-ROMS-SWAN  Target  Sensitivity of wave effects via z 0 air, z 0 water and TKE  Current status  Typhoon Mellor (2010), Fanapi (2010) plus 4-6 events  Resolution  ROMS: 1-5 km Wave effects on current: ROMS-SWAN  Target  Directional wave effects for vortex force  Current status  Theory and preliminary test  Resolution  ROMS: about 50-100 m

3. Momentum roughness length at ASI 3 | Drag coefficient Momentum flux Thermal roughness length Surface exchange coefficient Sensible heat Latent heat, etc. Momentum roughness length Viscous termWave term Charnock: Calm sea... Long swell Choppy wind sea Ocean Atmosphere 3 | By Elodie CHARLES

4. Impact of wave coupling: Charnock vs TY 2014/8/21 Mean(10/6 21:00 - 10/7 3:00)

5. Friction Velocity, Sensible/Latent heat flux Rear Side 2009/10/6 18:00 – 10/7 00:00 UTC Oost results have peak value at closer to center of typhoon. The larger friction velocity and heat flux are estimated by with wave model U 10 [m/s] u * [m/s] Sensible heat [W/m 2 ] Latent heat [W/m 2 ] Z0 by Charnock Taylor-Yelland Oost Drennan U 10 [m/s] u * [m/s] Sensible heat [W/m 2 ] Latent heat [W/m 2 ]

6. Application to climate change study Case study of TC Haiyan SST Case study of Seto-Inland Sea in Japan Present 2100

7. Random wave effects on current COAWST only uses Hs and Tm01 from SWAN to ROMS Kumer et al. (2012)

8. Stokes drift Theory kh=0.50 JONSWAP  =2.0 Mitsuyasu N=10 kh=2.0 JONSWAP  =2.0 Mitsuyasu N=10

9. Implementation of random wave effects to COAWST Unidirectional regular wave stokes drift Multidirectional irregular wave stokes drift Methodology  Assuming directional spectra shape and communicate frequency and directional bandwidth by coupler  Communicate directional spectra directly

10. Inlet Test: Snapshot of ubar and vbar 2D Irregular 1D Regular