1. ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW Mary Amuyunzu-Nyamongo, Ph.D., Policy Expert and Adviser on Social Protection to GOK, DFID and World Bank. Stephen Settimi, M.I.R., International Development Specialist and Senior Advisor

2. “When biological factors (like being too young or too old to work) are combined with negative life time shocks (such as sickness, unemployment, natural disasters, social conflicts) the case for social protection is overwhelming.” GERMANO MWABU, M.A., Ph.D, Professor and Chair Department of Economics, University of Nairobi, as presented at UNECA workshop on “Social Protection, Growth, Poverty and Inequality in Kenya”, July 14-16, 2010 Why Social Protection

3. Basis for SP policy and programming in Kenya Approximately 5% or 1.5million Kenyans are chronically food insecure; Over 46% or 16.7million Kenyans live below the poverty line, nearly 300,000 of these do not eat daily; Over 2.4 MM OVC under the care of old or disabled persons. Among the most vulnerable, PLWA stands 1.6 – 1.9 Million (2007)

4. Assessment Assessment Methodology Assessment Team Document Review Meetings and Key Informants

5. Constitution Vision 2030 SP Constituency Development Fund Local Authority Transfer Fund (LATF) Constituency HIV/AIDS Fund Social Safety Nets and Social Security Safety Net Social Security Services Current State of Social Protection

6. Sector Policies and Regulatory Environment Youth Older Persons Orphan and Vulnerable Children National Policy for the sustainable development of arid and semi arid lands (ASALs) of Kenya Education Free Primary Education Fund (FPE) Subsidized secondary education and Bursary Fund Democracy and Governance Agriculture Food and Nutrition Strategy for the Revitalization of Agriculture Water and Sanitation

7. Key Findings and Recurrent Themes Varied perceptions of Social Protection Policy Environment Sustainability Donor Harmony Fragmentation Graduation and Exit Strategies Accountability/Transparency/Corruption Monitoring and Evaluation Complementary Program overlap and leveraging

8. Current view of SP Sector-focused Programming (Poverty reduction) Cash Transfer Food Housing Education ElderlyOVC

9. Girls 12- 18 Food/ Nutrition HIV Commodities Education Malaria Cohort Attributes Complementary view for SP Programming (Client-centered by Cohort)

10. Economy and employment Security and justice Education and early life Agriculture and food Infrastructure, planning and transport Land and culture Housing and community services Environments and sustainability HEALTH Health Sector Determinants that impact Health Outcomes

11. Agriculture & Food Markets & Pricing Harvest & Processing Labor & Mechanization Land Use & Distribution Crop Diversification Water & Irrigation Transportation & Fuel Agriculture Sector Determinants that impact Food Production Outcomes Population Growth and Distribution

12. Agriculture & Food Markets & Pricing Harvest & Processing Labor & Mechanization Land Use & Distribution Crop Diversification Water & Irrigation Transportation & Fuel Economy and employment Security and justice Education and early life Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, planning and transport Land and culture Housing and community services Environments and sustainability HEALTH EXAMPLE: Programmatic Overlays between sectors Programmatic Overlays among sectors

13. Client-centered Programming by Cohort

14. Constellation of SP Services Travels with Client over time adjusting as client matures (Case Worker function) 0-5 yrs. Nutrition Vaccination s Pre-school 5-10 yrs. Nutrition Health Education 10-20 yrs. Nutrition Education Livelihood Citizenry Client SP Plan

15. Overriding Challenge: social capital networks N=15

16. Recommendations to USAID Continue current programs Strengthen/build on existing institutions and human resources (GOK and NSA) Realign Implementing Partners’ terms of reference and work plans with GOK SP initiatives and provide tactical direction. Establish (or adopt) a standard set of indicators to measure SP program impact. Provide line-of-credit solution to engage private sector in development Invest in Social Messaging to accelerate Norm shifts and institutional change.

17. Next Steps for USAID Meet with other USAID sector team leaders (Education, Agriculture, Democracy/Governance, Disaster Relief, Economic Development) – discuss joined-up development activities to address social determinants affecting each sector – Identify leverage points of co-operation. Meet GOK counter parts in each sector Prepare Program Description to meet GOKand USAID SP development objectives.

18. Asante sana