1. Learning the Amendments

2. Unit 3 Chapter 3, Section 1 Structure and Principles Mr. Young Government

3. Essential Question How have the length of the Constitution and the 6 major principles helped it to survive for more than 220 years? How have the length of the Constitution and the 6 major principles helped it to survive for more than 220 years?

4. Structure and Principles The Constitution established a republic, power held by voting citizens through their elected representatives The Constitution established a republic, power held by voting citizens through their elected representatives The success of this system depends on an informed, participating citizenry The success of this system depends on an informed, participating citizenry Helps to both grant and limit government power Helps to both grant and limit government power

5. Citizen Participation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- KdMAip3twM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- KdMAip3twM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- KdMAip3twM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- KdMAip3twM 1:02 min 1:02 min http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pfr_1 C0aZs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pfr_1 C0aZs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pfr_1 C0aZs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pfr_1 C0aZs 1:03 min (better) 1:03 min (better)

6. Structure US Constitution is simple and brief (7,000 words) US Constitution is simple and brief (7,000 words) Does not spell out every word but leaves it for future generations to interpret Does not spell out every word but leaves it for future generations to interpret Divided into three parts Divided into three parts 1. Preamble 2. Articles (7) 3. Amendments (27)

7. Structure of the Constitution http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPY0A MHRlxI&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPY0A MHRlxI&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPY0A MHRlxI&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPY0A MHRlxI&feature=related (3:21 min) (3:21 min) http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 HippoCampus Video: Structure of the Constitution HippoCampus Video: Structure of the Constitution

8. Preamble Introduction and states reason for writing Introduction and states reason for writing Wanted government to provide stability and order, protect citizens’ liberties, and serve the people Wanted government to provide stability and order, protect citizens’ liberties, and serve the people

9. Preamble Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NVVj IriFeE&feature=fvwrel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NVVj IriFeE&feature=fvwrel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NVVj IriFeE&feature=fvwrel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NVVj IriFeE&feature=fvwrel Principles of the Constitution Series (9 min) Principles of the Constitution Series (9 min)

10. Articles Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3aae Wma0FQ&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3aae Wma0FQ&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3aae Wma0FQ&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3aae Wma0FQ&feature=relmfu 1:06 min 1:06 min

11. Article 1 Establishes legislative branch Establishes legislative branch Also procedures for making laws, lists types of laws Congress may pass, and specify powers that Congress does not have Also procedures for making laws, lists types of laws Congress may pass, and specify powers that Congress does not have

12. Article 2 Creates executive branch, carry out laws passed by Congress Creates executive branch, carry out laws passed by Congress Power vested in the President Power vested in the President Detail powers and duties of President, describe qualifications of office and procedures for electing, and provide for vice-president Detail powers and duties of President, describe qualifications of office and procedures for electing, and provide for vice-president

13. Article 3 Supreme court as head of judicial branch Supreme court as head of judicial branch Outlines supreme court jurisdiction, or authority to rule on cases Outlines supreme court jurisdiction, or authority to rule on cases

14. Three Branches of Government http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPNevi Hf464 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPNevi Hf464 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPNevi Hf464 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPNevi Hf464 Facts of Congress (1 min) Facts of Congress (1 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5M50x Bz1cU&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5M50x Bz1cU&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5M50x Bz1cU&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5M50x Bz1cU&feature=related School House Rock video School House Rock video

15. Article 4 Explains relationship of the states to one another and to national government Explains relationship of the states to one another and to national government Each state must give citizens of other states same treatment Each state must give citizens of other states same treatment National government will protect states against invasion or domestic violence National government will protect states against invasion or domestic violence

16. Article 5, 6, and 7 Article 5-Spells out ways Constitution can be amended or changed Article 5-Spells out ways Constitution can be amended or changed Article 6- Contains supremacy clause, establishing that the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties of US “shall be the supreme Law of the Land” Article 6- Contains supremacy clause, establishing that the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties of US “shall be the supreme Law of the Land” Article 7- Addresses ratification of Constitution (9 of 13 states) Article 7- Addresses ratification of Constitution (9 of 13 states)

17. Supremacy Clause Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzN9t KTcB_8&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzN9t KTcB_8&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzN9t KTcB_8&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzN9t KTcB_8&feature=relmfu 2:50 min 2:50 min

18. Amendments Means change to Constitution Means change to Constitution There are 27 amendments that have helped the Constitution change over time There are 27 amendments that have helped the Constitution change over time

19. Major Principles These 6 principles help to influence the character of American Government These 6 principles help to influence the character of American Government 1. Popular Sovereignty 2. Federalism 3. Separation of Powers 4. Checks and Balances 5. Judicial Review 6. Limited government

20. Popular Sovereignty Rule by the People Rule by the People Authority for government flows from the people and consent of the governed Authority for government flows from the people and consent of the governed

21. Federalism Power divided between states and national government Power divided between states and national government Represented a middle ground-forge a union but limit central government Represented a middle ground-forge a union but limit central government National government has the power to act for country as a whole, states have power over many local matters National government has the power to act for country as a whole, states have power over many local matters

22. Separation of Powers Each branch has its own responsibilities to help one branch from taking over Each branch has its own responsibilities to help one branch from taking over

23. James Madison Separation of Powers “But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others….Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place….If men were angels no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external or internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government, which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the government to control the governed: and in the next place, oblige to control itself.” “But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others….Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place….If men were angels no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external or internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government, which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the government to control the governed: and in the next place, oblige to control itself.”

24. Checks and Balances Each branch of government exercises some control over the others Each branch of government exercises some control over the others A check is a control one branch has over another’s functions creating a balance of power A check is a control one branch has over another’s functions creating a balance of power Veto- rejecting legislature Veto- rejecting legislature

27. 3 Branches Videos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCB8E OY5d48&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCB8E OY5d48&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCB8E OY5d48&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCB8E OY5d48&feature=related 3 Branches Rap (3:30 min) 3 Branches Rap (3:30 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v =aO1zrnR6q7g&feature=endscreen http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v =aO1zrnR6q7g&feature=endscreen http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v =aO1zrnR6q7g&feature=endscreen http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v =aO1zrnR6q7g&feature=endscreen Facts of Congress: Checks and balances Facts of Congress: Checks and balances

28. Judicial Review Power of courts to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national govt invalid Power of courts to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national govt invalid Acts against the Constitution must be illegal Acts against the Constitution must be illegal Marbury vs Madison established the judicial review precedent Marbury vs Madison established the judicial review precedent Supreme court decision may only be changed by Amendment or supreme court changes its views Supreme court decision may only be changed by Amendment or supreme court changes its views

29. Marybury v. Madison http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20 %26%20Government;jsessionid=DDA9D0 4EBF085244B76A80B48B180407 HippoCampus Marybury v Madison HippoCampus Marybury v Madison

30. Judicial Review http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZH67Q17y-NY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZH67Q17y-NY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZH67Q17y-NY 2:50 min 2:50 min http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TVkeRUvX_U&featu re=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TVkeRUvX_U&featu re=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TVkeRUvX_U&featu re=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TVkeRUvX_U&featu re=related 3:33 min (very good MvM video) 3:33 min (very good MvM video)

31. Limited Government Constitution limits the actions of government by specifically listing powers it does and does not have Constitution limits the actions of government by specifically listing powers it does and does not have

32. Limited Government Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPrZsr SmrAc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPrZsr SmrAc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPrZsr SmrAc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPrZsr SmrAc 9 min 9 min

34. Essential Question How have the length of the Constitution and the 6 major principles helped it to survive for more than 220 years? How have the length of the Constitution and the 6 major principles helped it to survive for more than 220 years?