2. Matter Matters! A Study of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Annie Harary Adrienne Harrold Education 713.22 Spring 2010

3. Table of Contents What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt Test Yourself: Solid, Liquid, or Gas? A Weighty Issue: Mass vs. Weight Classy Classification: Classifying Matter Want to Learn More? Filamentality Website

4. What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt What is matter? Watch the YouTube Video with Bill Nye:

5. What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt What do you see around you? Matter is all around you! Everything in this world is made of matter. A tiny raindrop to the Empire State Building to the stars in the sky are all made up of matter! Complete this scavenger hunt to learn even more about matter.

6. What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt 1. What is matter? http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_intro.html http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/whatismatter.html 2. What are the 3 main states of matter? http://idahoptv.org/dialogue4kids/season7/matter/facts.cfm http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/statesofmatter.html Use the following links to answer questions 3 - 5: 3. What are some properties of a solid? 4. What are some properties of a liquid? 5. What are some properties of a gas? http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/solids-liquids-gases/slg2.cfm?age=Age Range 7- 11&subject=Science http://idahoptv.org/dialogue4kids/season7/matter/facts.cfm http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/materials/gases_liquids_solids/read1.shtml

7. What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt 6. Play the interactive game on the following website. Which objects were solids, liquids, and gases? http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/materials/gases_liquids_solids/play.shtml 7. How does matter change from one state to another? http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/materials/changing_state/read2.shtml http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/science_up_close/501/deploy/interface.html 8. Draw or find a picture of what the molecules look like in a solid, liquid, and gas. http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html Use the following interactive link to answer questions 9 and 10: 9. At which temperatures does water become a solid and a gas? 10. What happens to the container if you increase the temperature past the gas state? http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/changing_state.shtml

8. What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt Check you answers! 1. What is matter? Matter can be anything that is made of atoms and molecules. Matter consists of any object that takes up space and has mass. 2. What are the 3 main states of matter? Solid, Liquid, Gas 3. What are some properties of a solid? Solids keep their shape. A solid has a definite size and shape. Solids always take up the same amount of space. Solids can change their shape if you cut them, twist them, or squash them. Solids have particles that do not flow easily. Solids can be hard and soft. 4. What are some properties of a liquid? Liquids do not have a definite shape. They take the shape of the container they are in. Liquids have particles that flow easily and can be poured easily. They are not easy to hold in your hands. Liquids have the same volume, even when they are poured into containers with different shapes. 5. What are some properties of a gas? Gas has no shape, size, or color. Its particles flow easily past one another. Gases take the shape and volume of its container. Gases are invisible. 6. Play the interactive game on the following website. Which objects were solids, liquids, and gases? Solids: Ice, Sand, Wood Liquids: Syrup, Rain, Milk Gases: Steam, Air, Helium

9. What’s the Matter? An Internet Scavenger Hunt Check you answers! 7. How does matter change from one state to another? Matter changes states by heating or cooling. When a solid is heated, it changes to a liquid. When a liquid is heated, it changes to a gas. When a gas is cooled, it changes to a liquid. When a liquid is cooled, it changes to a solid. 8. Draw or find a picture of what the molecules look like in a solid, liquid, and gas. 9. At which temperatures does water become a solid and a gas? Water becomes a solid at 0 degrees Celsius. Water becomes a gas at 100 degrees Celsius. 10. What happens to the container if you increase the temperature past the gas state? The pressure inside the container is increased and the lid is forced off. The steam escaped.

10. Test Yourself: Solid, Liquid, or Gas?

11. A Weighty Issue: Mass vs. Weight MASS The amount of matter that an object contains. Mass is not determined by the size of the object. A large beach ball does not contain more mass than a small baseball. Mass remains constant. A bowling ball with a mass of 6 kg on Earth, will have a mass of 6 kg on the moon. WEIGHT Weight is dependent on the force of gravity on an object. Weight changes with a change in gravity. When the force of gravity increases, the weight of the object increases. A person that weighs 120 pounds on Earth will weigh 20 pounds on the moon (gravity on the moon is 1/6 that on Earth).

12. A Weighty Issue: Mass vs. Weight Watch the Happy Scientist explain the difference between Mass and Weight. http://thehappyscientist.com/science-video/mass-and-weight

13. A Weighty Issue: Mass vs. Weight What do we weigh on other planets? Our Weight on Different Planets Student A: Weight (lbs)Student B: Weight (lbs) Earth7586 Saturn6979 Mars2832 Mercury2832 Jupiter177203 Uranus6676 Go to the Planetary Society’s Web Site to find your weight on other planets! http://www.planetary.org/explore/kids/activities/planetweights.html

14. A Weighty Issue: Mass vs. Weight On which planet did each person weigh the most? Why? We weighed the most on Jupiter because it has the largest gravitational pull of all the planets. On which planet did each person weigh the least? Why? We weighed the least on Mars and Mercury because of the planets we chose, those two had the least amount of gravitational force. What happened to your mass on each planet? Explain. Our mass stayed the same. Our mass will not change even if we travel to another planet. None of our matter goes away when we travel to another planet. What happened to your weight on each planet? Explain. Our weight changed on each planet from what it is on Earth. Weight is a measure of gravitational attraction. Since the amount of gravitational force changes on each planet, our weight would have to change too. Our weight will change because the gravity on the other planets is different than what it is on Earth.

15. Classy Classification How do you classify the 3 states of matter based on their properties? 1.Solid Has definite volume Has definite shape Molecules are close together & are not compressible 2.Liquid Has definite volume Has changeable shape Molecules take the shape of their container 3.Gas Has no definite volume Has no definite shape If unconstrained they will spread out indefinitely Molecules are spread apart

16. Classy Classification: Look at Properties: Whole Group ShoeSteam from tea pot Water What are some of the properties of each of these items?

17. Classify Classification: Let’s Classify: Whole Group 1.Shoe Has definite volume Has definite shape Molecules are close together and are not compressible IT MUST BE A SOLID!! 2. Steam from a tea pot Has no definite volume Has no definite shape If unconstrained they will spread out indefinitely Molecules are spread apart IT MUST BE A GAS!! 3.Water Has definite volume Has changeable shape Molecules take the shape of their container IT MUST BE A LIQUID!!

18. Classy Classification: Graphic Organizer: Whole group SHOE STEAM FROM A TEA POT WATER

19. Classy Classification: Work With a Small Group to Classify Each group will be given a box of different items and pictures. Using the different properties of each state of matter, the group will classify each item in the box.

20. Classy Classification: Create a Graphic Organizer: Small Group Matter SolidLiquidGas

21. Classy Classification: Share Session: Whole Group What did I learn? What did I find difficult? What was interesting?

22. Want to Learn More? Watch Nanna KnowItAll’s video podcast where she uses vinegar and baking powder to explore the properties of matter: http://www.kidsknowit.com/interactive-educational-movies/free-educational-video- podcast-online.php?video-podcast=Properties%20of%20Matter

23. Filamentality Website http://www.kn.att.com/wired/fil/pages/listmatterad1.html Click on the link above to see, interact, and view a filamentality website based on the topic of MATTER