2. Hot Ice

3. What is it?
Hot ice is actually sodium acetate which is heated to 100 degrees Celsius and then allowed to cool.
When this happens the solution becomes supersaturated.
Once supersaturated any molecular disturbance causes it to rapidly crystallize.

4. How to make Hot ice
Hot ice can either be bought or created using simple household ingredients.
The easiest way to make hot ice is the combination of vinegar and sodium bicarbonate (commonly known as baking soda).
The Chemical Formula
 CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2
Once the vinegar and baking soda react fully the mixture is brought to a boil so that all the water is removed from the solution.
What remains is the sodium acetate which is able to be super-cooled so it becomes hot ice

5. Flammable Jelly

6. Properties and Production
Flammable jelly is very useful due to the fact that it is a gelatin, making it very portable and not likely to spill.
It is very safe to produce and to use except for the fact that its fire.
Just like the hot ice it is easily created through three very accessible household ingredients acetic acid (vinegar), antacid tablets with 1000mg of calcium bicarbonate and 99% isopropanol rubbing alcohol.

7. Procedure
First you add 10mL of acetic acid for every tablet of calcium carbonate.
This must then evaporate over night so that most but not all of the water is removed.
Finally you pour approximately twice as much alcohol into a container as there is solution and then add small amounts of the solution until it jells.

8. Why it happens
When calcium acetate is added to the alcohol it causes it to gel. Thus, the new solution keeps its flammability from the alcohol but it is now in a gelatinous state.
Formula
 CH3COOH + Ca(HCO3)2 → Ca(CH3COO)2 + H2O + CO2

9. Copper sulfate
Through electrolysis!

10. Procedure  Cu + H2SO4 --> 2H+ + CuSO4 + 2e-  2H+ + 2e- --> H2
To create copper sulfate through electrolysis you must first get about 30mL of water and mix it with 5mL of sulfuric acid.
Then at the bottom of a container coil some copper wire and attach it to the anode of an electrical output such as a volt generator or a 6V battery.
A piece of copper wire must then be paced near the top of the container and connected to the cathode of the volt source.
Next, the sulfuric acid solution must be poured into the container and the current started.
This will cause copper sulfate to form at the anode:
 Cu + H2SO4 --> 2H+ + CuSO4 + 2e-
And hydrogen to form at the cathode:
 2H+ + 2e- --> H2
Overall:
 Cu + H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + H2
Finally, crystals were produced through boiling the copper sulfate and letting it evaporate which causes crystallization.

11. Steps