1. Digital Signal Processing
2008 教育部双语教学示范课程
Prof. Pengyu
Tel：
Office：Room 526, Bldg. 2A, Science Park
Automatic Test and Control Institute （53专业）
School of electrical engineering and automation
Harbin Institute of Technology

2. Introduction 1 Basic Concepts about Signal Definition
A Signal carries information and can be described as a function of independent variables in mathematics.
Variable of Signals：
Time/Distance/Temperature/Voltage
One-dimensional Signals： Single variable y=x(t)
Two-dimensional Signals： Two variables
Three-dimensional Signals ：Three variables

3. Classification of Signal Continuous-time and discrete-time signal
Analog and digital signal (time and amplitude)
(1) Continuous-time signal：
(2) Discrete-time signal：Discrete variableContinuous amplitude
Time-domain discrete signals
(3) Analog Signal: Continuous variableContinuous amplitude
Speech, Television, Time-domain continuous signals
(4) Digital Signal：Discrete variablesDiscrete amplitude
Quantized discrete-time signals

4. Signal Processing Representation, transformation and manipulation
of signals and the information they contain.
Signal operation include:
(1) Transform, filter, inspection, spectrum analysis;
(2) Modulation and coding;
(3) Analog Signal Processing;
(4) Digital Signal Processing.
Computer, Semiconduct and Information Science
1960’s-1970’s

5. IMAGE PROCESSING
Pattern recognition
Robotic vision
Image enhancement
Satellite weather map
animation
MILITARY
Secure communication
Radar processing
Sonar processing
Missile guidance
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL
Spectrum analysis
Position and rate control
Noise reduction
Data compression
Consumer applications
digital, cellar mobile phones
universal mobile telecommunication system
digital television
digital camera
internet music, phones and video
digital answer machines, fax and modems
voice mail system
interactive entertainment systems
SPEECH & AUDIO
Speech recognition
Speech synthesis
Text to speech
digital audio
TELECOMMUNICATION
Echo cancellation
Adaptive equalization
Video conferencing
data communication
Biomedical
Patient monitoring
Scanners
ECG (Electrocardiograph)
X-ray storage/enhancement

6. 2 Basic concepts about system
Device or technology of signal processing.
(2) Analog system
System with analog input and output.
(3) Digital system
System with digital input and output.

7. Signals and Systems Basic model: Input: x Output: y System: h
DSP、FPGA、SOPC、SOC、Algorithm Codes
2017/4/21

8. x y Three Problems h Given x and h, find y analysis
Given h and y, find x control
Given x and y, find h design or synthesis
2017/4/21

9. 3 Processing of analog signal with digital methods
(1) Digitalized process for analog signals
Sample
Quantizer
Coder
xa(t)
x(n)
(2) Digital processing method
A/D
DSP
D/A
xa(t)
ya(t)
Filter
x(n)
y(n)

10. 4 Feature of Digital System
Advantages
(1) High accuracy: Floating point-8,16,32,64 bits
(2) High reliability: VLSI (analog: drift, calibration)
(3) Flexible: DSP, Software, FPGA, VHDL
(4) Easy to integrate
(5) Deal with high dimensional signals
(6) Low costs: reusable, reconfigurable
(7) Data logging
(8) Adaptive capability

11. Complex: cost and speed
Disadvantages
Complex: cost and speed K
Xa(t)
Ya(t)
Analog Signal Processing
A/D
DSP
D/A
xa(t)
ya(t)
Filter
x(n)
y(n)
Digital Signal Processing

12. Environment monitoring System
5 Study Case
Environment monitoring System
current
Signal
Conditioning
voltage
freq
temp
humidity
Analog
Switches
CPU
A/D
MEMO
DISP PC
Printer
Electrical/non-electrical measurement
Analog/Digital Circuits
Automatic test system
Digital Signal Processing

13. MORE APPLICATIONS
When you speak, your voice is picked up by an analog sensor in the cell phone’s microphone
An analog-to-digital converter chip converts your voice, which is an analog signal, into digital signals, represented by 1s and 0s.
The DSP compresses the digital signals and removes background noise.
In the listener’s cell phone, a digital-to-analog converter chip changes the digital signals back to an analog voice signal.
Your voice exits the phone through the speaker.

14. A MP3 Player

17. 6. Objective of Digital Signal Processing
Digital Signals
Manipulation
Digital filter
Measurement
Digital Signals
Spectrum analysis
Frequency division
Disturbance attenuation
(1) Selective of A/D  Signal representation - Sampling
(2) Manipulation and transform  feature extraction and analysis
(3) Noise process  Digital filter

18. 7. Research objectives
1-dimentional DSP, multi-dimentional DSP and the realization of DSP system
1D DSP: 1D discrete-time signals and system
multi-D DSP: 2D or 3D image processing, etc.
Realization of DSP system:
Realization of theoretical algorithm and system (filter) on software and hardware: including system architecture, chip selective, development of the software and hardware, etc.

19. 8. Theory of digital signal processing
Sampling of analog signals
A/D conversion, sampling theory, analysis of quantization errors;
Discrete-time signal analysis
Time-domain and frequency-domain analysis, Fourier transform, z - transform, Hilbert transform;
Discrete-time system analysis
System representation, causality and stability, time-invariant system, convolution, frequency response, digital filter design;
Fast algorithm for signal processing
FFT, fast convolution and correlation;
Special algorithm for signal processing
Interpolation, singular value analysis, deconvolution.

20. 9. Implementation of DSP system
General-purpose computer;
Micro-control unit;
General-purpose DSP chip;
Specific-design DSP chip;
TI (leading manufacture, 70%)
AD, Motorala, Lucent, NEC

21. 10. Objectives of our learning
Main idea: solve the problem of analog signals
with digital method
Understand the concept:
Sample
Transform: time-domainfrequency domain
Spectrum analysis
Filter design
Important tools: Method to design digital filter

22. 11. Proposed syllabus for the course
Total period: 46; Class: 40
Experiment: 6
Discrete-time signals and system
Discrete Fourier transform
FFT and its applications
Design of IIR digital filters
Design of FIR digital filters

23. How to Learn ?
2017/4/21

24. Curriculum in Signal Processing
Mathematics
Signals and Systems
Signal processing theory and systems
Communications theory and systems
Control theory and systems
Applications and research
2017/4/21

25. Mathematics for Signal Processing
Algebra, calculus, differential equations
Linear algebra, matrices, vector spaces, functional analysis
Probability, statistics, random processes
Computational mathematics, numerical analysis, algorithms
Computer Science and Engineering
Math now has an experimental laboratory
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26. Modern Engineering is Design
Science studies and describes what nature created, what already exists
Engineering creates and builds what society wants and needs, what does not already exist
Engineering uses mathematics in a different way from science
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27. History of Teaching and Learning Engineering
Engineering was first a trade which was learned through apprenticeship
Next, it was a profession which was learned through training
Now it is a discipline which is learned through education. Modern liberal arts
2017/4/21

28. Training vs. Education
Old Engineering: How do I build a bridge across the river?
New Engineering: How do I satisfy people’s desire to interact across the river?
2017/4/21

29. Training vs. Education
Old system: Learn enough in the university to last your professional lifetime
New system: In the university, learn the methods to continue to learn all of your life.
Old: study, work, then retire.
New: study and work and retire without boundary
Transition from old to new system occurred around 50 years ago but education has not changed
2017/4/21

30. Research in the New World
In the old system, research was done by a small number of specialist in laboratories and graduate school
In the new system, research will be done by everybody in all levels of school and work
Same true for “Design”
2017/4/21

31. Education in the New System
Shift emphasis from
Training to education
Teaching to learning (teacher to student)
Passive to active (and interactive)
Process to concept (concept inventory)
Understand to discover
Need research in learning technical material
2017/4/21

32. Technology for Education
Matlab, Mathematica, Maple, LabView
OCW, Connexions, Wikipedia, Google
Desktop, laptop, hand-held, mobile phone plus Internet; social software systems
2017/4/21

33. Open Educational Resources
The Open Educational Resource (OER) movement was inspired by the Open Source movement in software.
Open Course Ware “OCW” (MIT)
Connexions “Cnx” (Rice)
Wikipedia (Wikibooks, etc.)
Creative Commons “CC” (Stanford, Duke)
Curriki, PLoS, EOL, Shuttleworth's Siyavula Project, CK-12 Project, OSI, etc.
2017/4/21

34. 2017/4/21

35. Interactive, Dynamic Virtual Lab
COMPANIES LIKE NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS ARE MIXING THEIR POWERFUL SIMULATION ENVIRONMENTS INTO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING COURSES…
2017/4/21

36. Multimedia
CREATING AN INTERACATVITY THAT IS IMPOSSIBLE WITH A STATIC PAPER TEXTBOOK
2017/4/21

37. That can be translated by both companies and by volunteers into chinese, japanese, and thai to enable true world wide use of the materials
2017/4/21

38. Matlab

39. Connexions Now
Usage
Repository: 7300 modules, 20,000 revisions, 405 courses or books, 7200 author accounts, 147 countries, print-on-demand books
In Oct. 2008: 17M hits, 1.0M pages views, 520K unique users from 157 countries
Globalization
Europe: Germany, Norway, England, etc.
Asia: China, India, Pakistan, Japan, Vietnam, Korea
Africa: South Africa
LACCEI: (conversation with Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay started)
2017/4/21

40. Signal Processing Web Sites
DSP an Rice:
DSP at MIT:
Connexions at Rice:
OCW at MIT:
Georgia Tech, Univ. of Illinois, University of Texas, Princeton, Stanford
2017/4/21

41. Curriculum schedule Class: 0601104，0601201，0601202；66 students
Lectures：
正心226 4th-14th week,
Mon: 5~6; Wen: 7~8;
Experiments:
12th-13th week, G601, Thu, 5~6
Examination:
正心42, 17th week, Thu, 10:00~12:00

42. 12 Student Commitment Assignment Attendance in classes is mandatory !
Scores
Assignment + Experiment + Report: 10%
Examination: 100%

43. Presentation Project：3~5 points
Subject is assigned by teacher
Discuss with instructor 3 days before presentation
Criterion：
Content, Clear and fluent, Team works

44. NEW STUFF
LIMITED TIME
LOTS OF WORK
PRESSURE
METHODOLOGY
PLAN
EXECUTE
TEAM WORK  HAVE TO SHARE
NEW BEGINNING FOR YOURSELF !
FOR YOUR FUTURE LIFE!

45. HOW TO
GET
WHAT YOU WANT ?
WANTED !

46. BE ACTIVE IN YOUR STUDY! Emule：电驴 P2P软件 http://www.emule.org.cn
ICQ,AOL Instant Messenger,Yahoo Pager, MSN Messenger,
Tencet QQ-most popular P2P.
BE ACTIVE IN YOUR STUDY!

47. REVIEW
What is DSP ?
Why DSP ?
How to ?
BRIEF INTRODUCTIONS

48. References
1 Discrete-time Signal Processing. A.V. Oppenheim, R.W.Schafer. Pearson Education，2005,1
2 Digital Signals Processing——using MATLAB. Vinay K. Ingle,John G. Proakis. ISTE Publishing Company, 2008
3 Real-time Digital Signal Processing – Implementation, Application and Experiments with the TMS320C55X. Sen M. Kuo, Bob H. Lee. WILEY, 2003,12
4 Introduction to Signal Processing. Sophocles J. Orfanidis. Prentice Hall, 1998,12
5 Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing. Joyce Van de Vegte. Prentice Hall, 2003,1