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GLOBAL SEAFOOD TRADE The Role of Aquaculture and Consumer Needs
Jochen Nierentz Senior Officer
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World Capture and Aquaculture Production
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World fish utilization and supply (excl. China)
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Comparison of discard estimates and retained catches
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Capture Fisheries Aquaculture
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2004 World Aquaculture production Top 15 Producing Nations
Production 2004 (1000 t) China 30615 India 2472 Viet Nam 1199 Thailand 1173 Indonesia 1045 Bangladesh 915 Japan 776 Chile 675 Norway 638 USA 607 Philippines 512 Egypt 472 Korea, Rep. of 406 Myanmar 400 Spain 363 2004 World Aquaculture production Top 15 Producing Nations
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Developing Countries with Highest Increase in Aquaculture Production 1999-2004 (excl. China)
(with production in 2004 > 50,000 tonnes) Source: FAO Fishstat
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Trend of world aquaculture production by major species groups, 1970-2004
References to species diversification Shrimp increased since 2002 by 28%
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FAO Projections Projected world supply and demand for food
and feed fish at constant relative prices 1999/2001 2010 2015 Million tonnes – live weight Capture Fisheries Production 93.8 101.1 105.1 Aquaculture Production 35.6 57.8 66.8 Total Production: 129.4 158.9 171.9
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Factors Influencing Capture Fisheries
Cost of Capture Fisheries Increases Oil price More efforts to catch same volume Average size decreases Subsidies are under review More sophisticated equipment and ships More regulations Environmental Food Safety Handling at sea more costly than when aquacultured
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Opportunities for Aquaculture
Globalization Planning Security Creation of Regular Supply Consistency of Quality Lower cost in Value Chain Promotion Activities based on Available Supplies Demand for Fresh Fish Technical Innovations
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Aquaculture Problems for: Environmental requirements
Trade disputes (dumping, labeling) Fast technological productivity growth leads to overproduction and lower prices Limiting factor: wild seed and feed (fishmeal trap)? Price of feed?
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Trade in Seafood
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Fish exports The above shows the well known issue that in value terms, developing and developed countries have roughly the same share in world exports,. The total value of world exports was US$ million in 2003 and US$ million in 2004, and is expected to grow even further in coming years. It should be noted, that part of the recent expansion of fish trade is due to lower value of the dollar, but also created by more re-processing in countries with low labour costs, such as China.
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Top Exporters in 2004 Exports (US$ million) 1994 2004 Change China
1994 2004 Change China 2320 6637 186 Norway 2718 4132 52 Thailand 4190 4034 -4 USA 3230 3851 19 Denmark 2359 3566 51 Canada 2182 3487 60 Spain 1021 2565 151 Chile 1304 2484 90 Netherlands 1436 2452 71 Viet Nam 484 2403 397 UK 1180 1812 54 Taiwan PC 1804 1801
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Top Importers in 2004 Imports (US$ million) 1994 2004 Change Japan
1994 2004 Change Japan 16140 14560 -10 USA 7043 11967 70 Spain 2639 5222 98 France 2797 4176 49 Italy 2257 3904 73 China 856 3126 265 UK 1880 2812 50 Germany 2316 2805 21 Denmark 1415 2286 62 Korea Rep. 718 2233 211
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Imports in Developing Countries (US$ million)
1994 2004 Change China 856 3126 265% Korea Rep. 718 2233 211% China, Hong Kong SAR 1647 1908 16% Thailand 816 1231 51% Singapore 620 623 1% Malaysia 304 528 73% Taiwan PC 561 485 -14% Nigeria 160 397 148% Mexico 159 305 92% Brazil 261 279 7%
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Fish trade balance Surplus Since the late 1970s, the overall trade balance has been positive for Latin American, China and Oceania and increasingly negative for Africa, (from Serge, check) Europe, North America and Asia (excluding China) Deficit
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Price Development
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Price Indicators : Fish
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Price Indicators : Fish
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Price Indicators : Meat
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World: per capita consumption of fish and meat
Kg. (live weight and carcass weight) This slide shows some interesting comparisons in animal protein supply. The growth of per caput intake of fish and pig meat have increased hand in hand, but chicken consumption has been growing faster, whereas bovine meat consumption per caput has been going down.
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Price for Capture Fish Competition from aquaculture
Competition from alternative food products (chicken, turkey, beef, pork) Value addition as a cost factor reduces share for raw material Price pressure form retail and food service sector
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Top 10 Seafoods Consumed Aquaculture now driving consumption
1988 – 6.90 kg Edible Wt Canned Tuna – 1.59 kg Shrimp – 1.09 Cod – 0.78 Alaska Pollock – 0.54 Flatfish – 0.28 Clams – 0.28 Catfish – 0.27 Salmon – 0.20 Crab – 0.15 Scallops – 0.14 2004 – 7.53 kg Edible Wt % Change Shrimp – 1.91 kg +74.8% Canned Tuna – 1.50 -5.9% Salmon – 0.98 +338.5% Alaska Pollock – 0.58 +7.3% Catfish – 0.49 +83.3% Cod – 0.27 -64.9% Clams – 0.21 -23.7% Crab – 0.28 +89.3% Tilapia – 0.32 NA Flatfish – 0.15 -46.2% Source: National Fisheries Institute from NMFS data
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THANK YOU!
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