1. Watershed Modeling Nuts and Bolts: Arc Hydro
Dean Djokic
ESRI, Inc.
Part I – What is Arc Hydro?
Arc Hydro data model fundamentals
Arc Hydro tools walkthrough (ex 1)
Terrain Preprocessing (Dendritic)
Delineation/Characterization
Tracing
Part II – Advanced Arc Hydro
Global Delineation (ex 2)
Parameters/Export Configuration (ex 3)
Time Series (ex 4)
Deranged/Combined Terrain Processing (ex 5)
Introduction to Arc Hydro Geoprocessing Tools (ex 6)
Part III – GeoHMS – in supporting HEC-HMS hydrologic simulation model
Part IV – GeoRAS – in supporting HEC-RAS hydraulics simulation model
Part V – Other implementations of ArcHydro data model/tools.

2. Presentation Topics Arc Hydro Data Model Arc Hydro Tools
SWFWMD customization of Arc Hydro
Relationship between pollutant sources and impact areas
GeoEFM – environmental elements and water depth/velocity/bed slope.

3. Arc Hydro Data Model
Arc Hydro

4. Arc Hydro
Extension of geodatabase model for support of water resources applications (template data model)
Surface and groundwater
Collection of tools for support of Arc Hydro geodatabase design and basic water resources functions
Starting point for water resources database and application development
3 things,
Datamodel, Concepts (inheritent) , and Toolsets
Arc Hydro

5. Data Model Purpose
Target audience: Water resources community interested in quick start in ArcGIS implementation
Starting point for project model design
Not a “do all” design
Not implementation/application specific, but provides the key components to develop on top of
Not a numerical but a DATA model
Allows support for many models
Arc Hydro

6. Describing the Hydrologic Cycle

7. Arc Hydro Framework Data Model
Groundwater features
Surface water features
Time Series
Arc Hydro

9. Arc Hydro Data Model Details
Detailed representation at the end of corresponding chapters in the book (e.g. p 51)

10. Time Series Components

11. Basic Concepts
Define core feature classes for water resources analyses
Inventory of relevant spatial elements
Establish relationships between core feature classes
So we know what is connected to what
Use geometric network for tying pieces together
So we can trace upstream/downstream
Mobilization of standard ArcGIS functionality
Custom tools for some of the attribute management
Custom tools for advanced “water resources” functionality
Arc Hydro

12. Application and use of Arc Hydro for a Water Geofabric
Build and compile key GIS Databases
Build and serve key Digital Basemaps
Build and serve Operational Layers
Build and serve Tasks
Build and serve key GIS Applications
GIS Application
Operational layers
Tasks that operate against
a fully operational GIS database
(a Geofabric)
Digital Basemap (2D or 3D)

13. Scalability
1:17,000,000
1:5,000,000
1:2,500,000
1:500,000
1:175,000
1:40,000
1:24,000
1:5,000

14. Arc Hydro Tools
Arc Hydro

15. Key Concepts
Transitions between the raster and vector worlds – integrated operations
“Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement”
Raster
Network
Vector
Logical Schema
Extended Network

16. Start with the terrain model
Terrain Processing
Start with the terrain model
Identify drainage patterns
Identify catchments
What’s New in ArcGIS 8.3

17. Start with the drainage pattern
Network Generation
Start with the drainage pattern
Define hydro edges from drainage lines
Generate junctions at confluences
Build the geometric network
What’s New in ArcGIS 8.3

18. Connecting Catchments to Junctions
Start with the catchments
Identify drainage points
Link drainage points to junctions
What’s New in ArcGIS 8.3

19. Extended (Hydrologic) Network
Combination of hydro network and drainage areas connected through junctions.
Allows tracing through network and selection on drainage areas
What’s New in ArcGIS 8.3

20. Node-Link Schematization (1)
Start with the catchments
Find centroids
Continue with drainge lines
Find confluences
Connect nodes
What’s New in ArcGIS 8.3

21. Node-Link Schematization (2)
Transition from geo representation to logical representation
Support for various modeling efforts
What’s New in ArcGIS 8.3

22. Arc Hydro Tools 70 + functions currently available
Watershed Delineation
Batch Terrain Preprocessing
Schema Creation
Parameters Accumulation
Parameters Computation (e.g. mean elevation, slope, etc.)
Time Series

23. Arc Hydro Tools
Functions developed during projects are integrated into the Arc Hydro tools (needs driven development)
Batch Terrain Preprocessing
Parameters Computation
Terrain Morphology
and others…
Possible run through of the application (demo)

24. Process Automation in Model Builder Arc Hydro Model For Hydro Landscape Characterization

25. Many Aspects of Arc Hydro
Database design
Marketing
Tools
Application
“Standard”
Development environment
Saxe, John Godfrey, 1963, “The Blind Man and the elephant”, New York: Whittlesley House
Elephant illustration ©2002 Jason Hunt

26. “Why Should I Care” about Arc Hydro ?
Economy of development
Why reinvent the wheel?
Established configuration methodology
Established development framework
Industry “standard”
Fundamental geodatabase design principles implemented for water resources theme
Established techniques rolled into a publicly available utility
Tested and accepted
Training and support
Free maintenance – ESRI’s commitment to the water resources community

27. SWFWMD Customization of Arc Hydro

28. Watershed Management Program
Topographic Information
Watershed Evaluation
Watershed Management Plan
Implementation of BMPs
Maintenance of Watershed
Parameters and Models

29. Arc Hydro Customization at SWFWMD
Arc Hydro data model extension
GWIS (Geographic Watershed Information System)
Modeling support (ICPR)
Deranged terrain processing
Management of pitted terrains
Structures
Hydraulic element points
Hydraulic subelements
Tools
Arc Hydro geodatabase import
Geoprocessing
Arc Hydro

30. Natural Drainage Patterns - Pitted Terrain Analysis
Prescreen & Evaluate Sinks - Select Based on User Thresholds
Delineate Catchments Draining into Selected Sinks (where “IsSink” = 1)
Arc Hydro

31. Surface Connectivity Drainage Points within Catchments HydroJunctions
HydroEdges
(Low Point of Basin or Low Point of Boundary)
(Boundary Link Flowlines)
Arc Hydro

32. Hydraulic Features Modify Natural Drainage Patterns
Arc Hydro

33. Hydraulic Element Points
Same HydroCode assigned to Hydrojunction & Subelements (i.e _003)
HydroJunction
Subelement 2
Subelement 1
TR = Top of Road UIC = Upstream Invert of Culvert,
GR = Natural Ground ERM = Elevation Reference Mark
Arc Hydro

34. Hierarchy of Hydraulic Features
HydroJunction / HydroEdge
General Location & Type
Sub Elements
Hydraulic Structure Information Tables
Hydraulic Element Points
Specific Location (X, Y) & Elevation (Z)
Arc Hydro

35. Field Acquisition of Hydraulic Features
Utilize field technology
ArcPad
ArcGIS Mobile
Direct synchronization with enterprise database
Eliminate duplication of data entry
Enforce geodatabase integrity between enterprise and mobile environments
High accuracy possible with DGPS
Variety of devices

36. Connect HydroJunction tool
Hydraulic Element Points identify a culvert location
User manually places HydroJunction
(and snaps it to Drainage Boundary)
Tool connects HydroJunction
(and creates Structure Link)
Arc Hydro

37. Watershed Evaluation Results
A fully connected geodatabase integrating:
Raster and vector data
Derived and surveyed data
Natural and man-made flowpath features
Characterized elements (basins, links, structures) in well defined database structure ready to be used in the next step of the process
Basically: “Watershed parameters in District’s generic Arc Hydro GIS format (GWIS)”
Geofabric for SWFWMD

38. Courtesy of South West Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD)
Arc Hydro as production database Integrates data formats and model databases
Use ArcHydro/Data Model in general for facilitate data integration/exchange/format converting
Use ArcHydro/Data Model as enterprise database.
ICPR - Interconnected Pond Routing Stormwater Modeling H&H Modeling Flood Plain Modeling (
SWAT - SWAT: Soil & Water Assessment Tool
WAM – Water Availability Models.
Arc Hydro Database for Enterprise Water Information System: The Difference between Enterprise and Model Databases Explained
Sreeresh Sreedhar, ESRI, Redlands, California
Courtesy of South West Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD)

39. Questions?