1. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 1 Location, Layout, and Physical Facilities

2. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 2 Choosing a Location: Sources of Information l Census Data (see http://www.census.gov). l Survey of Buying Power. l Editor and Publisher Market Guide. l Rand McNally's Commercial Atlas and Marketing Guide. l Zip Code Atlas and Market Planner. Key: Selecting the site that serves the needs of the business's target market most efficiently.

3. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 3 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) l Computerized programs combining map- drawing with database management capability. l Search through virtually any database and then plot the results on a map. l Visual display reveals otherwise hidden trends.

4. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 4 Selecting the State l Proximity to markets l Proximity to raw materials l Labor supply needs l Business climate l Wage rates

5. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 5 Selecting the City l Population trends and density l Competition l Index of Retail Saturation (IRS)

6. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 6 Index of Retail Saturation (IRS) l C = number of customers in the trading area l RE = retail expenditures. The average expenditure per person ($) for the product in the trading area. l RF = retail facilities. The total square feet of selling space allocated to the product in the trading area. IRS = C x RE RF where...

7. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 7 Selecting the City l Costs l Local laws and regulations l Compatibility with community l Quality of life l Population trends and density l Competition l Index of Retail Saturation (IRS)

8. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 8 Selecting the City l Transportation networks l Police and fire protection l Public services l Location’s reputation (continued)

9. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 9 Location Considerations for Retail and Service Business l Trade area size â Retail compatibility â Degree of competition â Transportation network â Physical, fear, or political barriers l Customer traffic l Adequate parking l Room for expansion l Visibility

10. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 10 Retail and Service Locations l Central Business Districts (CBDs) l Neighborhood Locations l Shopping Centers & Malls

11. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 11 Shopping Centers and Malls l Neighborhood Shopping Centers â 3 to 12 Stores; anchor is supermarket or drugstore. l Community Shopping Centers â 12 to 50 stores; anchor is department or variety store.

12. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 12 l Regional Shopping Malls â 50 to 100 stores; anchor is one or more major department stores. l Power Centers â Combines drawing power of a mall with convenience of neighborhood shopping center. Shopping Centers and Malls

13. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 13 Retail and Service Locations l Near Competitors l Outlying Areas l Home-based businesses l Central Business Districts (CBDs) l Neighborhood Locations l Shopping Centers & Malls

14. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 14 The Location Decision for Manufacturers l Foreign Trade Zones (FTZs)

15. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 15 Figure 15.2. How a Foreign Trade Zone (FTZ) Works. No FTZ Imported Parts and Materials Store Assemble Package Manufacture Process Mix Imported Parts and Materials FTZ DutyPaid NoDutyPaid U.S.Sales Exports U.S.Sales Exports Duty Small Company Paid

16. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 16 The Location Decision for Manufacturers l Enterprise zones l Business incubators l Foreign Trade Zones (FTZs)

17. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 17 Layout: External Factors l Size - Is the building large enough to accommodate the business? l Create the proper image or "personality" for the business in the customer's eyes. l Develop creative window and in-store displays. l Choose appropriate storefront design. l Entrances must invite customers in. l Building must comply with Americans with Disabilities Act. l Pay attention to the business sign, the most direct method of reaching potential customers.

18. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 18 A Business Sign... l tells potential customers who you are and what you're selling. l must comply with local sign ordinances. l should be visible, simple, and clear. l should be changed periodically to avoid becoming part of the background. l should be legible both day and night. l must be maintained properly. The Toy Store

19. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 19 Building Interiors l Ergonomics, the science of adapting work and the work environment to complement employees’ strengths and to suit customers’ needs, is an integral part of any design. l Proper layout and design pays off in higher productivity, efficiency, or sales. l Proper lighting is measured by what is ideal for the job being done.

20. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 20 l Careful selection of colors can create the desired impressions among customers and employees. l Appealing to all of the customer's senses can boost sales. Building Interiors

21. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 21 Three Retail Layout Patterns l Grid â Rectangular with parallel aisles; formal; controls traffic flow; uses selling space efficiently. â Examples: Supermarkets and self-service discount stores.

22. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 22 Three Retail Layout Patterns l Free-Form â Free-flowing; informal; creates "friendly" environment; flexible. â Example: Small specialty shops.

23. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 23 Three Retail Layout Patterns l Boutique â Divides store into a series of individual shopping areas, each with its own theme; unique shopping environment. â Example: Small department stores.

24. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 24 Layout Guidelines Know your customers buying habits and plan your layout accordingly. Know your customers buying habits and plan your layout accordingly. l Display merchandise as attractively as your budget will allow. l Display complementary items together.

25. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 25 Layout Guidelines l Recognize the value of floorspace; never waste valuable selling space with nonselling functions. l Create effective window displays and change them often; they can be powerful sales tools. l Pay attention to the business sign, the most direct method of reaching potential customers.

26. Chapter 15: Location/Layout 26 Manufacturing Layouts l Product (or line) layout l Process layout l Fixed position layout