1. Introduction to Animal Science
Mr. Bushman

2. Domestication The animals : Behavior is changed in domestication
Valued $$$
Breeding is subject to human control
Survival depends on humans
Behavior is changed in domestication
Feed and water is controlled!

3. Domestication Across Globe
1. Near East (Fertile Crescent) 10,000 years ago.

4. Domestication Across Globe
2. South China 8,500 years ago

5. Domestication Across Globe
3. North China – 7,700 years ago.

6. Domestication Across Globe
4. Africa – 4,000 years ago.

7. Domestication Across Globe
5. South Central Andes – 4,500 years ago

8. Domestication Across Globe
6. Central Mexico – 4,700 years ago.

9. Domestication Across Globe
7. Eastern United States – 4,500 years ago

10. Food, Cockfights, Religion
Domestication
Specie
When
Where
Why
Dog
14,000 Years Ago.
Old World
Companionship
Sheep
10,700 Years Ago.
Food, Milk and Clothing
Goat
9,000 Years Ago.
Food, Clothing and Milk
Pig
Food & Sport
Cattle
6,500 Years Ago.
Religious Reasons
Chicken
5,500 Years Ago.
India
Food, Cockfights, Religion
Horse
5,000 Years Ago.
Food & Transport

11. Domestication Terms: Wild Animal: Exotic Animal:
Not genetically altered by selective breeding.
Exotic Animal:
Wild animal not native to country.
Example, not from USA or Canada, etc…

12. Domestication Terms: Feral Animal: Breed:
A domestic animal that lives in the wild with no human assistance.
Breed:
A population of domestic animals, that the individual may vary in genotype and phenotype.

13. Historical Perspective
8,000 BC
Domestication
776 BC
First Olympic Games
334 BC
Alexander the Great used Calvary to conquer
1066 AD
Stirrups invented
1598 AD
Cattle brought into the US by Spanish
1867 AD
Cattle Drives to Railroad

14. Historical Perspective
1884 AD
USDA began
1905 AD
DHIA was Established (Dairy Records)
1914 AD
Extension Service
Homestead Act played a huge part of the livestock industry in the US
Land was free rather then cheap

15. Animal Science
Animal Contributions

16. Functions of Livestock
Contributions to Humans
Food
Clothing
Power
Recreation
Research

17. Animal Contributions Power Food Clothing Recreation Horse Meat Mules
Milk
Eggs
Clothing
Wool
Leather
Hair
Fur
Power
Horse
Mules
Donkeys, Burrows
Oxen
Recreation
Pleasure Horses
Livestock Show Competition
Rodeo

18. Animal Science Industry
What is considered Animal Science ?
Dairy Cattle
Beef Cattle
Sheep
Swine
Goats
Horses
Poultry
Ostrich & Emu
Deer
Bison
Aquaculture
Llamas
Rare Breeds
Small Animals

19. Top Producing States Beef Industry 1. Texas 2. Kansas 3. Nebraska
4. Oklahoma
5. California

20. Top Producing States Dairy Production Industry 1. California
2. Wisconsin
3. New York
4. Pennsylvania
5. Michigan
6. Idaho

21. Top Producing States Sheep Production Industry 1. Texas 2. California
3. Wyoming
4. Colorado
5. South Dakota

22. Top Producing States Swine Production Industry 1. Iowa
2. North Carolina
3. Michigan
4. Illinois
5. Indiana

23. Top Producing States Layers Production Industry 1. California 2. Ohio
3. Indiana
4. Pennsylvania
5. Iowa

24. Top Producing States-----
Broilers Production Industry
1. Arkansas
2. Georgia
3. Alabama
4. North Carolina
5. Mississippi

25. Animal Production - General
Purebred Producer
Commercial Producers
Farm Herd or Flock
Commercial Feedlot
Farm Feeding
Direct to Processor
Auction or Market
Terminal Market

26. Conception to Consumption

27. Gender Terms for Livestock
Beef:
Cow – Female that has had offspring
Heifer – Female that has never given birth
Bull – Male with testicles
Steer – Castrated Bull

28. Gender Terms for Livestock
Swine:
Sow – Female that has had offspring
Guilt – Female that has never given birth
Boar – Male with testicles
Barrow – Castrated Boar

29. Gender Terms for Livestock
Sheep:
Ewe – Female
Ram – Male with testicles
Weither – Castrated Ram
Horse:
Mare – Female Horse
Stallion – Male with testicles
Gelding – Castrated Stallion