1. AMERICAN CIVILIZATION SEMINAR FOUR THE LEGAL SYSTEM

2. REVIEW QUESTIONS What is the official form of government of the U.S.? What do Montesquieau, the Iroquois, and the Polish have to do with the U.S. Constitution? What shows that the Founding Fathers did not trust the average person?

3. REVIEW QUESTIONS What are the basic principles of the U.S. Constitution? What type of checks and balances does the following represent, who is checked by whom? Impeachment Advise and consent Pocket veto Judicial review Overriding a veto

4. REVIEW QUESTIONS Which of these powers are not assigned to the President? Chief executive Commander in chief He can declare war He can negotiate treaties

5. THE LEGAL SYSTEM It is based upon Common Law Stare decisis, case law, judge made law Basic principle: innocent until proven guilty— presumption of innocence Criminal code, civil code Civil cases involve torts, breach of contract Equity– correction of a legal wrong Injunction, restraining order

6. LEGAL SYSTEM Foundations: Article Three There will be one Supreme Court U.S. Supreme Court: 9 justices, 8 associate, 1 chief justice. Today: John Roberts chief justice Federal court system: District Court—Courts of Appeal-Supreme Court State court system: Criminal or Civilian Court—State Court of Appeal—State Supreme Court

7. THE BILL OF RIGHTS Fourth Amendment: Protection against unreasonable search and seizure—warrants are needed Fifth Amendment: protection against double jeopardy (Ashley Judd), self-incrimination Sixth Amendment: The right to legal counsel Gideon v. Vainwright Eight Amendment: Protection against cruel and unusual punishment, does not include the death penalty

8. CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Issues in the legal system: debate over capital punishment 37 states have capital punishment Contra: not a deterrent, legalized murder, prohibited by Bible, brutalizes public Pro: society must be protected, right for retribution

9. BILL OF RIGHTS EXERCISE http://www.utb.edu/vpaa/cce/Documen ts/Celebrate%20Freedom%20Week/ne wdocs/Bill%20of%20Rights%20MSand HS.pdf