1. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
Nutritional Status Assessment through Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), Child and Mother Nutrition Survey (CMNS), and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) By
Dipankar Roy, PhD
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
Training on Assessment of Nutritional Status December 2011
Date : 22 December 2011,
Venue: FPMU Meeting Room
The Training is organized by the National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme (NFPCSP) . The NFPCSP is jointly implemented by the Food Planning and Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food and Disaster Management and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) with the financial support of the EU and USAID.

2. Introduction
The Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) has a long history of conducting Child Nutrition Surveys (CNS) to determine the nutritional status of children in Bangladesh
Five such surveys were conducted every 3-5 years between 1985 and 2000
Child and Mother Nutrition Survey 2005
Child and Mother Nutrition Survey is on process

3. Method of Data Collection
A questionnaire was designed to record data on several indicators
Direct interview method taking some measurements
Logistics
UNISCALE
Stadiometer
MUAC tape
HemoCue Photometer

4. Data Processing Data entry was done through IMPS software
Validation was confirmed using Epi-Info
Data were analyzed with SPSS

5. Nutritional Status Indicators
Anthropometry
Weight-for-age
Weight-for-height
Height-for-age
MUAC
BMI

6. Data Interpretation Mean Standard deviation Z-score
Confidence interval

7. Data Availability
Food Security-Nutritional Surveillance Project (EU-BRAC-HKI-BBS)
State of Food Security & Nutrition in Bangladesh 2010
BBS has been doing PEC of the survey

8. Conclusions
Malnutrition is difficult to address because it has numerous causes including
immediate (inadequate dietary intake, diseases…)
underlying (food insecurity, lack of maternal and child caring practices, unhealthy environment, poor health services…)
basic (poverty and inequality in the society)
A multi-sectoral approach is crucial, because the multiple causes of malnutrition require a coordinated response from multiple sectors

9. Data Combination
Anthropometric measurements combined with various socio-economic, health and sanitary variables are an effective way to assess nutritional status of children

10. Introduction
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics has been conducting HES since
Thereafter surveys were conducted in , , , , , , , , , , , 2000, 2005 (HES became HIES in 2000)
The 15th round of HIES, the latest one, was conducted in 2010

11. Objectives
Obtaining estimates on household income, expenditure, and consumption
Determining poverty lines and estimating poverty and inequality measures
Providing information about living standards and nutritional status of the population
Determining weights for consumer price indices

12. Measurement of Poverty Line
Direct Calorie Intake (DCI) method
Food Energy Intake (FEI) method
Cost of Basic Need (CBN) method (since )
In DCI method, only calorie intake is considered. There are three types of poverty a) Absolute poverty: the threshold is <=2122 k. calorie; b) Hardcore poverty: the threshold is <=1805 k. calorie; and c) Ultra poverty: the threshold is <=1600 k. calorie.

13. Measurement of Poverty Line (2)
In DCI method, only calorie intake is considered.
In FEI method, per capita expenditure is taking into account with calorie intake.
In this case food basket is dynamic while in CBN method fixed bundle is considered.
There are two poverty lines in poverty measurement such as lower poverty line and upper poverty line.
However, BBS refers upper poverty line and CBN method to estimate poverty officially.

14. Measurement of Poverty Line (3)

15. Measurement of Poverty Line (4)
Pricing of the food bundle yields the food poverty line and 16 food poverty lines are constructed for 16 strata.
Computing two non-food allowances (lower & upper) for non-food consumption.
Lower non-food allowance is obtained by taking the median amount spent for non-food items whose per capita total expenditure is close to the food poverty line.

16. Measurement of Poverty Line (5)
Upper non-food allowance is obtained by taking the median amount spent for non-food items whose per capita food expenditure is close to the food poverty line.
Adding lower and upper non-food allowances to food poverty line yield lower poverty line and upper poverty line respectively.

17. Poverty Incidence

18. Poverty Depth

19. Poverty Severity

20. Inequality

21. Average per capita daily intake (grams)

22. Average per capita daily calorie intake (k.cal)

23. Average per capita daily protein intake (grams)

24. Introduction
The Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics has been conducting the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) since 1993.
The objective of the MICS 2009 was to provide disaggregated data on children and women at the national and subnational levels
The survey was the first attempt ever in Bangladesh by a national household survey to collect data at the sub-district level for a number of key social sector indicators covering the education, environment, health and child protection sectors

25. Data Availability in MICS
MUAC
Timely initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding
Colostrum given
Infant feeding patterns
Adequately fed infants
Iodized salt consumption
Vitamin A administration
Lecture X: Title of the Presentation -Name of Presenter

26. REACH Initiatives
REACH (Renewed Efforts against Child Hunger and under nutrition) is an interagency (UNICEF, WFP, WHO, and FAO) UN initiative that assists governments in countries with high burdens of child and maternal under nutrition to implement, and to mobilize resources for, food and nutrition security programs.

27. Introduction
The REACH initiative has selected Satkhira District in Southern Bangladesh as the first demonstration area
Prior to initiating REACH-supported activities in Satkhira District, there is a clear need to carry out a district-wide food security and nutrition survey that encompasses the key indicators under the initiative

28. Objectives
The purpose of the Satkhira baseline survey is to assess the nutrition and food security characteristics of the population of young children (0-59 months), their mothers, and pregnant women in Satkhira before REACH implementation

29. Field and Data
REACH has commissioned Helen Keller International (HKI) to conduct a baseline survey in consultation/coordination with the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) that will provide robust household food security and nutrition data that is statistically representative for the district

30. Field works in pictures