1. INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE Welcome

2. What is Earth Science? Earth Science is the study of our planet, its changing systems and its place in the universe. Includes using standard methods to make observations, as well as recording and analyzing data to draw conclusions.

3. Branches of Earth Science Geology-the study of rock materials and how the solid earth changes. Meteorology-the study of the changing conditions of the atmosphere. Astronomy-the study of earth’s motions and the nature of other objects in space

4. Observation and Measurement Observation-information received directly from any of our five senses. In some cases instruments extend our senses. Measurements are observations made using an instrument. They are expressed with numbers and units.

5. Scientific Notation This helps scientists express very large or very small numbers easily. Example: M x 10 n M is a number from 1.0 to 9.9 N is an exponent. If this is negative the number is a decimal.

6. Write 27,508 in scientific notation. Determine M by moving the decimal point so that only one non-zero digit is to the left of the decimal. 2.7508 Determine n by counting the number of places the decimal point has been moved. 2.7508 x 10 4 Scientific Notation

7. Observations and Inferences Observations are used to develop conclusions or inferences in cases where observations are difficult or impossible. ObservationInference Pebbles are rounded. These pebbles traveled down a stream.

8. Density The ratio of mass (quantity of matter in object) to volume (how much space it takes up) of an object. No matter how much of a substance you have the density will always remain the same. (Gold always 19.3 g/cm 3 ). Also, if you cut in half density remains the same.

9. Graphs-present data visually Coordinate system (x-axis and y-axis). Line graph-shows change over time. Bar graph-shows comparison. Pie chart-shows how something is divided.