1. Biology Today Third Edition Chapter 14 Drugs and Addiction Copyright © 2004 by Garland Science Eli Minkoff Pam Baker

2. Exam 4Wednesday Chapters 12Cell division/Cancer 13Nervous system 14Drugs and addiction

3. Drugs and Addictions What are they? How do they get into the body? How do they get around ? How do they get eliminated ?

4. “drugs” Physician/patient: treat disease Counselor/addict: psychoactive drugs (alter mind) chemicals that alter biological processes (except supplying energy and nutrients)

5. Fig. 14-1a

6. Fig. 14-1c

8. low O 2 high CO 2 high O 2 low CO 2 alveolus high O 2 low CO 2 external respiration ingest injection inhale

9. Drugs and Addictions How do they get into the body? Into the blood via the lungs Directly into the blood via needles Into the blood via the gut

10. Drugs and Addictions How do they get into the body? How do they get around ?

11. low O 2 high CO 2 high O 2 low CO 2 alveolus high O 2 low CO 2 external respiration internal respiration high O 2 low CO 2 low O 2 high CO 2 low O 2 high CO 2 cells/tissues

12. Drugs and Additions How do they get into the body? How do they get around ? How do they get eliminated ?

13. How do drugs get eliminated ? via the liver (metabolic breakdown) via the kidney (excretion)

14. Figure 14.2 (1)

15. Figure 14.2 (2)

16. Figure 14.2 (3)

17. In blood: amino acids glucose minerals (Na +, K +, Ca ++,…) H 2 O drugs etc… wastes (urea)

18. diabetes(flow through) diabetes mellitus insulin takes glucose out of blood if not, glucose make urine sweet (honey) diabetes insipidus ADH take water out of urine; if not, too much water is lost (tasteless)

19. Drugs and Additions How do they get into the body? How do they get around ? How do they get eliminated ?

20. Figure 14.2 (3)

21. Chapter 14 Drugs and Addiction A.General Questions How do drugs get into the body? (lungs, etc.) How do drugs get around in the body?(blood) How do drugs get eliminated from the body? Livermetabolic breakdown Kidneyexcretion B.Kidneys and excretion nephron and parts filtration, reabsorption and secretion diabetes mellitus vs diabetes insipidus

22. Chapter 14 Drugs and Addiction C.More terms half life receptors and neurotransmitters drug interactions different types psychoactive drugs list, general affects addiction, withdrawl and tolerance FAS Social questions (Concluding remarks; BT3 pg, 536)

23. Drug half-life time is takes for half of the drug to disappear

24. Figure 14.3a

25. Figure 14.3b

26. Drug receptors Many cells need to have a specific receptor to respond to a drug

27. Many drugs work by altering effects of neurotransmitters agonisticwork with antagonisticwork against

28. Figure 14.4

29. Drug interactions

30. Fig. 14-5

31. Drug safety Prescription OTC(over the counter) Psychoactive drugs

32. Opiates marijuana nicotine amphetamines LSD caffeine alcohol narcotics medicine? stimulant stimulants hallucinogen gen. stim. depressant

33. Psychoactive drugs Opiates marijuana nicotine amphetamines LSD caffeine alcohol Many of these are addictive

34. Psychoactive drugs Opiates marijuana nicotine amphetamines LSD caffeine alcohol All cause problems

35. Figure 14.6 (USA, 1991)

36. Figure 14.7 (1)

37. Figure 14.7 (2)

38. Drugs Addiction Tolerance Withdrawl physiological psychological

39. Fig. 14-8

40. Figure 14.9

41. FAS (FAE) Fetal alcohol syndrome (effect) physical disabilities learning disabilities If you might become a parent… …don’t drink

42. Women alcohol abuse “before conception correlates with decreased fetal growth, even when the mother abstains during pregnancy itself.” BT3, pg. 532 Men Alcohol consumption (5 or more drinks/day)…decreased # sperm

43. Drug laws ? Concluding remarks, pg. 536, BT3

44. Exam 4Wednesday Chapters 12Cell division/Cancer 13Nervous system 14Drugs and addiction