1. DG Joint Research Centre 13th March 2014 Alice Vasilescu - Deloitte Study and guidelines on Geospatial Linked Data as part of ISA Action 1.17 Persistent IDentifiers (PIDs)

2. Click to edit Master title style Agenda Introduction Context 3 2 2 Preliminary results 4 5 Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 1 Next steps 6 Approach

3. Click to edit Master title style Introduction 3 We will provide an outline of the study and our work so far with regards to PIDs. This webinar is also an opportunity to provide feedback and to exchange experiences: What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? Persistent Identifiers (PID) GUIDELINES WEBINAR II Guidelines on methodologies Presentation of the first version of the guidelines for a common RDF Vocabulary for INSPIRE data and an approach to PID governance: opportunities for community- led improvements and next steps towards an official INSPIRE encoding. Today’s webinar 1. Setting the scene 3. Refinement & recommendations 2. Developing proposals β

4. Click to edit Master title style Agenda Introduction Context 3 2 4 Preliminary results 4 5 Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 1 Next steps 6 Approach

5. Click to edit Master title style Objectives 5 This study has been prepared in the context of the Interoperability for European Public Administrations (ISA) Programme and, in particular A Reusable INSPIRE Reference Platform (ARE3NA, ISA Action 1.17) Connecting Geospatial Data This study should provide: 1.Shared evidence about the current status in Europe of linked (geospatial) data related to INSPIRE. 2.An initial common/agreed methodology and guidelines towards RDF encodings for INSPIRE 3.Recommendations for how location PIDs could be governed for INSPIRE and other relevant activities.

6. Click to edit Master title style Scope 6 PIDs Real World Things Data Sets/Objects Resources on the web that contain data about real-world things Real-world things such as a river basin, train station, a country, etc. Linked Data Principles 1) Use URIs as names for things 2) Use HTTP URIs, so that people can look up those names 3) When someone looks up a URI, useful information should be provided, using the standards (RDF, SPARQL) 4) Include links to other URIs, so that they can discover more things > PID = A persistent identifier (PI) is a long-lasting reference to a digital object—a single file or set of files. Noted persistent identifier systems include: Archival Resource Keys (ARKs), Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs), Uniform Resource Names (URNs), and Extensible Resource Identifiers (XRIs)

7. Click to edit Master title style Agenda Introduction Context 3 2 7 Preliminary results 4 5 Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 1 Next steps 6 Approach

8. Click to edit Master title style Approach GovernanceOperations FinancingArchitecture Deloitte Data Governance Framework (COBIT based) DAMA Framework (DAMA-DMBOK Guide)

9. Click to edit Master title style Evaluation Framework 9 GovernanceOperations FinancingArchitecture G overnance refers to the control and the steering of the decisions on PIDs O perations is about the processes and tools needed to run PIDs F inancing is about the resources needed for the operations and the architectural updates A rchitecture corresponds to a formal specifications around PIDs

10. Click to edit Master title style 10 Evaluation Framework

11. Click to edit Master title style Literature 11 Author(s)DateTitleTypeDescription Archer, P., Dekkers, M., Goedertier, S., & Loutas, N. 201 3 Study on business models for Linked Open Data (BM4LOGD) R Source: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/Study_on_business_m odels_for_Linked_Open_Government_Data_BM4LOGD_v1.00_2.p df https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/Study_on_business_m odels_for_Linked_Open_Government_Data_BM4LOGD_v1.00_2.p df Overbeek, H. & van den Brink, L. 201 3 Towards a national URI Strategy for Linked Data of the Dutch public sector R Source: http://www.pilod.nl/images/a/aa/D1-2013-09- 19_Towards_a_NL_URI_Strategy.pdf Overbeek, H. & Brentjes, T. 201 3 Concept URI Strategy for the NL Public Sector PPT Source: http://www.geonovum.nl/sites/default/files/2013-03-12_uri-strat.pdf Portele, C. 201 3 URI strategy of INSPIREPPT Source: http://www.geonovum.nl/sites/default/files/4clemensportele.pdf http://www.geonovum.nl/sites/default/files/4clemensportele.pdf Vanbockryck, J. & Robbrecht, J. 201 2 Concepts of Meta-SDIPPT Source: http://www.poweredbyinspire.eu/documents/0403- linkeddata-robbrechtvanbockryck.pdfhttp://www.poweredbyinspire.eu/documents/0403- linkeddata-robbrechtvanbockryck.pdf Berendt, B. 201 4 USEWOD 2014: Building a Web Observatory for research on LOD usage W Source: http://people.cs.kuleuven.be/~bettina.berendt/USEWOD2014/ http://people.cs.kuleuven.be/~bettina.berendt/USEWOD2014/ DDGI 201 3 Open Government Data – Verwaltungsdaten frei für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft PP Source: http://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1 &ved=0CCsQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ddgi.de%2Fdownloa ds-topmenu-8%2Fdoc_download%2F1066-positionspapier-open- government-data-verwaltungsdaten-frei-fuer-wirtschaft-und- gesellschaft&ei=Rl3vUvnAOMijhgeLx4D4Dg&usg=AFQjCNHDyPud 3AJxKZTzBI7ovAJ3z3lzWg http://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1 &ved=0CCsQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ddgi.de%2Fdownloa ds-topmenu-8%2Fdoc_download%2F1066-positionspapier-open- government-data-verwaltungsdaten-frei-fuer-wirtschaft-und- gesellschaft&ei=Rl3vUvnAOMijhgeLx4D4Dg&usg=AFQjCNHDyPud 3AJxKZTzBI7ovAJ3z3lzWg Geonovum 201 3 Projectplan Linked Open DataR Source: http://www.geonovum.nl/sites/default/files/projectplan_linked_open_ data_2012-2013.pdf http://www.geonovum.nl/sites/default/files/projectplan_linked_open_ data_2012-2013.pdf Schade, S. & Smits, P. 201 2 Why Linked Data should not lead to next generation SDI P Source: IEEE International on Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), pp. 2894-2897 Archer, P., Goedertier, S. & Loutas, N. 201 2 10 Rules for Persistent URIsR Source: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/community/semic/document/10- rules-persistent-urishttps://joinup.ec.europa.eu/community/semic/document/10- rules-persistent-uris W3C 201 2 223 Best Practices URI Construction. W3C GLD WG wiki. W Source: http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/wiki/223_Best_Practices_URI_Construc tion http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/wiki/223_Best_Practices_URI_Construc tion Davidson, P., Murray, K. & Williams, S. 201 1 Designing URI Sets for Location. Version 1.0. R Source: http://data.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Designing_URI_Sets_for_Locati on-V1.0_10.pdf http://data.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Designing_URI_Sets_for_Locati on-V1.0_10.pdf

12. Click to edit Master title style Literature 12 Author(s)DateTitleTypeDescription Davidson, P. 201 0 Designing URI sets for the UK public sector. Version 1.0. Interim paper. P Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment _data/file/60975/designing-URI-sets-uk-public-sector.pdf https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment _data/file/60975/designing-URI-sets-uk-public-sector.pdf UK CTOC 201 4 URI patterns for identifiers proposalW http://standards.data.gov.uk/proposal/uri-patterns-identifiers- proposal Abbas, S. & Ojo, A. 201 4 Applying Design Patterns in URI Strategies - Naming in Linked Geospatial Data Infrastructure P Source: https://www.deri.ie/content/applying-design-patterns-uri-strategies- naming-linked-geospatial-data-infrastructure Sauermann, L. & Cyganiak, R. 200 8 Cool URIs for the Semantic Web. W3C Interest Group Note W Source : http://www.w3.org/TR/cooluris/http://www.w3.org/TR/cooluris/ 201 4 Digital Object Identifier System (DOI)W Source: http://www.doi.org/http://www.doi.org/ 201 4 The Handle SystemW Source : http://www.handle.net/http://www.handle.net/ 201 4 EZID (Easy ID) – Long Term Identifiers Made Easy W http://n2t.net/ezid/ EC, DG JRC Implementation of Identifiers using URIs in INSPIRE – Frequently Asked Questions. W http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/index.cfm/pageid/5120 PURL 201 3 Persistent Uniform Resource LocatorsW http://purl.org/ KE – Knowledge Exchange 201 3 Persistent Identifiers StudiesW http://www.knowledge-exchange.info/Default.aspx?ID=332

13. Click to edit Master title style Literature 13 If there is anything relevant missing from our list, please contact us: are3na@jrc.ec.europa.eu are3na@jrc.ec.europa.eu The list will be provided together with this current presentation.

14. Click to edit Master title style Agenda Introduction Context 3 2 14 Preliminary results 4 5 Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 1 Next steps 6 Approach

15. Click to edit Master title style Governance

16. Click to edit Master title style Governance 16 Organization Austria – REEEP(Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership) Reegle.info Belgium – Agiv Flemish Land Agency Denmark – Knowledge Exchange Germany - German National Library Italy - Agenzia per l'Italia Digitale Netherlands – SURF Initiative United Kingdom - Chief Technology Officer Council W3C Work Study on business models for Linked Open Data (BM4LOGD) Concepts of Meta-SDI URI Strategy of INSPIRE Designing URI sets for UK Public Sector Designing URI sets for Location (UK) Input reviewed Unknown yet

17. Click to edit Master title style Governance 17 Preliminary conclusions Based on available data analyzed until now: 1)Policy is often associated with URI design patterns and the management of domains. However, there is definitely more than these two elements. 2)When a policy exists it isn’t always well formalized depending on the size and organizational structure. 3)There seem to be no examples of PID organizational structures in the context of INSPIRE and in e-Government. 4)There is a lot of theoretical work about the “technical side” of persistent identifiers, often associated with linked data 5)Lack of a holistic picture that integrates the several GOFA dimensions. Barriers Based on available data analyzed until now: 1)PIDs governance is an inherently complex topic given the way that “ICT governance and management” is done in the different Member States 2)There is “no silver bullet” for PID governance

18. Click to edit Master title style Financing 18 Governance Operations Financing Architecture PIDs Policy Defines what and how can be assigned a PDI Validation Validates the format, location and the uniqueness of PIDs Registration Creates and registers PIDs Redirection Uses persistent PIDs to redirect to the desired Web resource Long Term Preservation Archives fullback copies of “dead” resources Business Case Justifies the investment in persistent identifiers Cost Model Defines the allocation of costs and charges associated with the provision of persistent PIDs. PIDs Organisational structure Defines who has the authority and control (planning, monitoring and enforcement) over the management of PIDs Service Model Describes the set of services that will benefit from the use of persistent PIDs, this encompasses both data and metadata about services Financing

19. Click to edit Master title style Financing – Business case 19 Organisation United Kingdom - Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) Work Study on business models for Linked Open Data (BM4LOGD) Input reviewed Unknown yet

20. Click to edit Master title style Financing – Cost model 20 Organisation European Commission Austria – REEEP (Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership) Reegle.info Belgium – INSPIRE State Report Germany – INSPIRE State Report Italy- Agenzia per l'Italia Digitale UK – INSPIRE State Report Work Study on business models for Linked Open Data (BM4LOGD) Belgium – INSPIRE State Report Germany – INSPIRE State Report Input reviewed Unknown yet

21. Click to edit Master title style Financing 21 Preliminary conclusions Based on available data analyzed until now: 1)There are no formalized business cases for PIDs – we believe that the interest in linked data is sometimes enough: e.g. John Sheridan, Head of Legislation Services “A business case for using linked data would like making a business case for using electricity.” 2)There seems to be no cost model for PIDs. For Linked Data or the implementation of INSPIRE, when they can be found, they are very different from one case to the other. Below are a few examples:  Development costs, Maintenance costs, Promotion costs – Linked Data  Operating costs of the IT infrastructure, Production of interoperability Business model for the implementation of INSPIRE, IT structure Processing of spatial data, Personnel – INSPIRE Germany Barriers 1)No clear understanding on the investment needed to set up PIDs.

22. Click to edit Master title style Financing 22 Governance Operations Financing Architecture PIDs Policy Defines what and how can be assigned a PDI Validation Validates the format, location and the uniqueness of PIDs Registration Creates and registers PIDs Redirection Uses persistent PIDs to redirect to the desired Web resource Long Term Preservation Archives fullback copies of “dead” resources Business Case Justifies the investment in persistent identifiers Cost Model Defines the allocation of costs and charges associated with the provision of persistent PIDs. PIDs Organisational structure Defines who has the authority and control (planning, monitoring and enforcement) over the management of PIDs Service Model Describes the set of services that will benefit from the use of persistent PIDs, this encompasses both data and metadata about services Operational

23. Click to edit Master title style Operational 23 Organisation Germany - German National Library Netherlands - SURF United Kingdom - Chief Technology Officer Council Work PersID III.a – Current State and State of the Art & III.b – User Requirements 10 Rules for Persistent URIs URI Strategy of INSPIRE Designing URI sets for UK Public Sector Designing URI sets for Location (UK) Towards a national URI-­‐Strategy for Linked Data of the Dutch public Input reviewed Unknown yet

24. Click to edit Master title style Operational 24 Preliminary conclusions Based on available data analyzed until now: 1)The domain owner is implicitly considered to be responsible for registration and validation 2)There is little discussion about long term preservation and most papers mention 303 Redirection 3)There is little discussion about validation of PIDs (it is much more about standardization and very little about control) Barriers

25. Click to edit Master title style Financing 25 Governance Operations Financing Architecture PIDs Policy Defines what and how can be assigned a PDI Validation Validates the format, location and the uniqueness of PIDs Registration Creates and registers PIDs Redirection Uses persistent PIDs to redirect to the desired Web resource Long Term Preservation Archives fullback copies of “dead” resources Business Case Justifies the investment in persistent identifiers Cost Model Defines the allocation of costs and charges associated with the provision of persistent PIDs. PIDs Organisational structure Defines who has the authority and control (planning, monitoring and enforcement) over the management of PIDs Service Model Describes the set of services that will benefit from the use of persistent PIDs, this encompasses both data and metadata about services Architecture

26. Click to edit Master title style Architecture 26 Organisation Austria – REEEP(Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership) Reegle.info Belgium – Agiv Flemish Land Agency Denmark – Knowledge Exchange Germany - German National Library Ireland - Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway Italy - Agenzia per l'Italia Digitale Netherlands - SURF United Kingdom - Chief Technology Officer Council W3C Work Study on business models for Linked Open Data (BM4LOGD) Concepts of Meta-SDI URI Strategy of INSPIRE Designing URI sets for UK Public Sector Designing URI sets for Location (UK) Input reviewed Unknown yet

27. Click to edit Master title style Architecture 27 Preliminary conclusions Most work has been done in this area. 1)Most referenced work is the 10 Rules for Persistent URI and Designing URI sets for UK Public Sector 2)There is no EU agreed policy for PIDs for centrally managed, shared resources 3)Several guidelines have been put forward for the URI persistence ( W3C - RFC2616., UK - Designing URI sets for UK Public Sector, ISA), but currently these are just recommendations and not always aligned Barriers 1)Control and validation are as important as standardization but often overlooked.

28. Click to edit Master title style Agenda Introduction Context 3 2 28 Preliminary results 4 5 Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 1 Next steps 6 Approach

29. Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs?

30. Click to edit Master title style Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 12/12 30 Operations Financing Architecture Or our approach Governance

31. Click to edit Master title style Agenda Introduction Context 3 2 31 Preliminary results 4 5 Sharing your experience – What barriers could there be for governing PIDs? 1 Next steps 6 Approach

32. Click to edit Master title style Next steps 32 WEBINAR II: Guidelines & methodologies 5 & 6 May 2014 1. Highlights 2. Refinement Follow us on Joinup. We will provide the highlights of this webinar AND…. At any time, your feedback is very appreciated.

33. Click to edit Master title style Next steps 33 Join the collaborative platforms in other areas of Open Source & Semantic Interoperability on https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/ https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/ Connecting Geospatial Data Thank you for your participation!