1. Spinal Bifida

2. Pathophysiology Congenital Neural Tube defect Incomplete closure of the vertebrae 3 Levels – Spina Bifida Occulta – Meningocele – Myelomeningocele

3. Spina bifida occulta Bones of the spine do not close But the spinal cord and meninges remain in place And skin usually covers the defect

4. Meningocele Meninges protrude from the spinal canal But the spinal cord remains in place

5. Myelomeningocele Both the spinal cord and the meninges protrude from the spinal canal Co-morbidity – Hydrocephalus

6. Spinal Bifida Etiology Idopathic Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy – Esp 1 st month

7. Spinal Bifida Diagnosis Ultrasound  Alpha fetoprotein

8. Nursing Management What would you tell a women about preventing spina bifida?

9. Spinal Bifida What food contain folic Acid? – Greens – Asparagus – Broccoli – Cauliflower – Corn – Green Beans or Peas – Sweet Potato – Cabbage or Coleslaw – Black Beans – Lentils – Peas – Peanuts

10. What deficit is associated with spina bifida? What diagnostic test is used to detect spina bifida invitro? Name three foods high in folic acid. Describe the difference between Spina Bifida occult, meningocele and myelomeningocele. CNS? PNS? Both?

11. A pregnant client, age 32, asks the nurse why her doctor has recommended a serum alpha fetoprotein. The nurse should explain that the doctor has recommended the test: A.Because it is a state law B.To detect cardiovascular defects C.Because of her age D.To detect neurological defects