1. JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) Multilateral Cooperative Research Program Coastal Marine Science 2001-2010 Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines

2. 4 projects Project 1: Water circulation and the process of material transport in the coastal area and marginal seas of the East and Southeast Asia (P.I., T.Yanagi, Kyushu Univ.) Project 2: Ecology and oceanography of harmful marine microalgae (P.I., Y.Fukuyo, Univ. of Tokyo) Project 3: Biodiversity studies in the coastal waters of the eastern and the southeastern Asia (P.I., K.Matsu-ura, National Museum) Project 4: Pollution of hazardous chemicals in the coastal marine environment and their ecological effect (P.I., N.Miyazaki, Univ. of Tokyo)

3. Project 1

4. Regional Studies Manila Bay Java Sea Gulf of Tongking Malacca Str. Banpakong Est.

5. Cages (unit) Product. (X 1000 fish) Production Cages Fish cage dev.

6. Precipitation Hurun bay Scale 5 km Fish cage Hatchery Gulf of Lampung Depth (m) Warm Cold SFC

7. Depth (m) November 03 (Tr D-W), January 04, March 04 (WET=NW Monsoon), April 04,May 04 (Tr W-D), June 04, July 04, August 04, September 04 (Dry=SE Monsoon) - Temperature, Salinity, Transparency, DO, DIN, DIP, TOM, Fitoplankton - Precipitation, Solar Radiation and Wind 8 Stations 3 Stations

8. Tran D-W Dry Wet Tran W-D

9. Seasonal variations in average residence time and water temperature Suhendar and Yanagi (2006)

10. Recommendation Carrying capacity of fish culture in Hurun Bay varies seasonally. Cultured fish number and bait must be reduced during transition seasons.

11. Special field observations in the Upper Gulf of Thailand 9-11 Oct., 4-6 Dec. 2003 13-15 Jan. 2004 12-14 May, 7-9 Oct. 2004 26-29 Jul., 1-4 Nov. 2005 23-26 Jul. 2006 Transparency CTD, DO Water sampling Plankton net Light characteristics GPS buoys tracking

12. Objectives 1.To develop the air-correction algorithm of ocean color images 2.To develop the water-correction algorithm of ocean color images 3.To develop the hydrodynamical model 4.To develop the ecosystem model 5.To investigate the relation between surface convergence and primary production What is the generation mechanism of the patchiness structure in the ocean?

13. Local algorithm for chl.a Chl.a(μg/l)=181.4exp(-4.74R) R=Rrs(520)/Rrs(565) Matsumura et al. (2006)

14. 28 Oct 2003 Oct 2003 MERISMODEL Anukul and Yanagi (2006)

15. Comparison between satellite image and model result Oct. 2003

16. 5 Dec 2003 Dec 2003 MERISMODEL

17. 3 Jan 2004 Jan 2004 MERISMODEL

18. 16 Jul 2005 Jul 2005 MERISMODEL

19. 19 Chlorophyll and Vertical Diffusivity CU – 6 (Jul 2005)

20. 20 Sensitivity Analysis CU – 5 (Oct 2004) Normal Weak Wind Strong Wind

21. Observation data 1996.3 ～ 1998.12 8 stations (-1m, middle, bottom) T,S,Chl.a 1 2 3 4 5 6 87

22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ｐａｓｉｇ川からの 負荷 500 km 2 3 m 10 m 35 km 8 m Box model analysis Horizontal Advection and diffusion 鉛直 移流・拡散 溶出 Load from Ｐａｓｉ ｇ river Vertical Advection and diffusion Release

23. DIN budget in Manila Bay ２ ５ ２ ２６ (=8+18) １ ４ １９ ３ ０ ３０ (=20+10) ２２ (=21+1) ４ ９ Apr. (dry) １９ (=3+16) D＞PD＞P D＜PD＜P D≒PD≒P D＞PD＞P D＜PD＜P D＞PD＞P （ 2.2 1 ） （ 4.4 4 ） （ 2.6 7 ） （ 4.4 7 ） （ 7.0 4 ） （ＤＩＮ μmol/l ） （ 1.66 ） （ 1.96 ） （ 7.32 ） （ 9.44 ） （ 0.1 0 ） deposition ＜ photosynthesis Nov. (rainy) Deposition > photosynthesis Load 1= 8.05×10 6 μmol/s

24. Aliasing 62.10 days Aliasing 58.75 days Aliasing 45.71 days Aliasing 173.22 days AVISO Morimoto(2008)

25. Tide error （ M2+S2+K1+O1 ） Morimoto(2008)

26. Ecological roles of seagrass beds  Buffering effects of waves and currents  Protection against erosion  Absorption of nutrients and production of oxygen  Primary production comparable to tropical rain forests  Spawning, nursery and feeding grounds for fishes and molluscs  Habitat for epiphytic animals and plants  Contribution to bio-diversity

27. Decrease in seagrass beds in the world  Increase in population along the coasts induces eutrophication and reclamation.  Reclamation destroys habitat of seagrass.  Seagrass is sensitive to low transparency due to eutrophication and water pollution. Necessity to map seagrass bed distributions in an efficient way such as satellite imagery

28. Cooperative study on seagrass mapping using ALOS Avnir-2 imagery Prof. M. Ibrahim Seeni Mohd (Universiti Technologi Malaysia) Sea truthing: Langkawi (March) and Tioman Isles. (This year) Dr. Mahatma Lanuru (Hasanuddin University) Sea truthing: Barrang Isles. (next July) Counterpart: Dr. T. Komatsu (ORI, Univ. Tokyo)

29. Project 1:Water circulation and Material transport Future from 2008 to 2010 Numerical ecosystem model is a very powerful tool for synthesize physical, chemical and biological data in the coastal sea. We will carry out interdisciplinary study using ecosystem model coupled with hydrodynamical model in Gulf of Thailand Manila Bay Jakarta Bay Gulf of Tonking Eastern coastal sea of Malaysia Satellite remote sensing on sea-grass beds and coral reefs using ALOS in the coastal sea of Malaysia.