1. Principles of Historical Geology II Historical Geology – Principles II

3. Unconformity: a surface between layers of rock which formed during a time of erosion or non-deposition Historical Geology – Principles II

4. An unconformity: represents “missing time” (time without as sedimentary record) Historical Geology – Principles II

5. Monday, April 23rd

6. Construction rained out for 3 weeks (non-deposition) Monday, April 23rd

7. Wednesday, June 1st disconformity

8. 1980

9. 30 yrs later: the wall is demolished, but a foundation kept for a new wall. “erosion”

10. 1980 2010 disconformity 30 missing yrs

11. sedimentary rocks parallel to

12. http://www.env.duke.edu/eos/geo41/st010.gif Sedimentary erosion Sedimentary Grand Canyon

13. http://www-geology.ucdavis.edu/~GEL109/SedStructures/Lg/DMBoundary2.jpg Devonian Sedimentary Mississippian Sedimentary Erosion Surface

14. sedimentary rocks non - sedimentary rocks on

15. http://people.hofstra.edu/faculty/j_b_bennington/ny_geology/st_lawrence/st_lawrence-Pages/Image0.html Proterozoic Metamorphic Cambrian Sedimentary

16. Cranberry Gneiss 1.1 billion yrs old Unconsolidated stream gravel 1.1 billion yrs old Nonconformity Boone Creek Rivers St & Varsity Gym

17. sedimentary rocks over tilted

18. Sedimentary

20. More Principles Charles Lyell: Text Book (early 1800's) "Principles of Geology" A uniformitarian "how to" book a classic still in print Historical Geology – Principles II

21. More Principles Inclusion of Components: A body of rock is younger than a second body from which any of its pieces are derived. Historical Geology – Principles II

22. More Principles Inclusion of Components: Levin Fig. 1-10 Historical Geology – Principles II

23. More Principles Crosscutting Relationships: Features are younger than the rocks that they transect, and younger than any other feature they transect. Historical Geology – Principles II

24. More Principles Crosscutting Relationships: faults, igneous intrusions, unconformities Historical Geology – Principles II

25. More Principles Historical Geology – Principles II Crosscutting Relationships: http://www.aapg.org/slide_bank/grand_canyon/gc38.jpg

26. Three Major Rock Types Igneous: Metamorphic: Sedimentary: Historical Geology – Principles II Rock Cycle

29. Review If you don’t remember the difference between a gneiss & a granite or a slate and a shale... Review Chapter 2 Review specimens in Geology Museum Historical Geology – Principles II

30. Unifying Theory Chemistry: atomic theory Physics: Newtonian/quantum/unified theory Biology: evolution - natural selection Geology: ? Historical Geology – Principles II

31. Unifying Theory Geology: Plate Tectonics 1960’s community effort (atypical paradigm shift) Historical Geology – Principles II

32. Plate Tectonics: unifying theory of geology Earth as a System

33. Historical Geology – Principles II Inter-related processes: physical chemical biological

34. Earth as a System Historical Geology – Principles II Inter-related processes: physical chemical biological Some of them cyclic

35. Plate tectonics

36. Water cycle

38. http://esamultimedia.esa.int/images/EarthObservation/images_of_the_week/Queensland_MER_FR_Orbit12910_20040819_crop_H.jpg

39. Great Barrier Reef