1. Formaldehyde columns from GOME as a proxy for biogenic emissions over Europe Università degli Studi dellAquila – CETEMPS LAquila, ITALY http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/ 2 nd EGU General Assembly Vienna, April 24-29, 2005 U. LAquilaCETEMPS Gabriele Curci, Guido Visconti Paul I. Palmer, Tzung-May Fu Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group Harvard University

2. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 2 of 12 OUTLINE European Biogenic Emissions Formaldehyde column over Europe as seen by GOME and GEOS-CHEM Inverting the GOME HCHO column for Isoprene emissions Conclusions and Outlook

3. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 3 of 12 EUROPE FACTSHEET Only continent where ANTHRO > BIO emissions 7% world area 33% forest 43% agriculture 24% other 13% population (680 mil.) 30% CO 2 emissions 20% NO x and VOC 40 countries Heavily man-shaped Mediterranean Continental Cold-Arctic [Simpson et al., JGR 1999]

4. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 4 of 12 EUROPEAN BIOGENIC EMISSIONS Biogenic emission inventories highly uncertain: up to a factor of 5! Many countries Few observations Different flora and fauna with respect to North America Unimportant on a global scale (7% area) Local importance: Mediterranean, East, Scandinavia Bio VOCs + anthro NO x : emission abatement strategies NMVOC: 13 Tg yr -1 NOx: 140-1500 Tg yr -1 [Simpson et al., JGR 1995] GEIA Emissions GEOS-CHEM Isoprene Column in Summer

5. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 5 of 12 k HCHO HCHO E VOC = _______________ k VOC Yield VOC HCHO VOC source Distance downwind HCHO Isoprene -pinene propane 100 km VOC HCHO hours OH hours h, OH RELATING HCHO COLUMN TO VOC EMISSIONS [Palmer et al., 2001, 2003]

6. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 6 of 12 INVERTING GOME HCHO COLUMN FOR ISOPRENE EMISSIONS Exploit the fast oxidation of isoprene to mark source regions looking at its product formaldehyde (HCHO) where the biogenic emissions > other GOME HCHO column 340x40 km 2 res. global coverage 3 days GOME slant column GEOS-CHEM CTM model Harvard University [Bey et al. 2001, Martin et al. 2002] GOME vertical column Air Mass Factor GOME isoprene inventory E ISOPRENE HCHO col. [Palmer et al., 2001, 2003]

7. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 7 of 12 WHAT CONTROLS HCHO COLUMN IN EUROPE? GEOS-CHEM HCHO Column in Summer BIOGENIC CONTROL NO ISOP NO ANTHRO / Biogenic control of HCHO column: Eastern Europe Northern Europe Iberian Peninsula Turkey (GEIA Emissions) 0.41.21 ANTHROPOGENIC CONTROL v7-01-02

8. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 8 of 12 NO CLEAR BIOGENIC SIGNATURE IN GOME HCHO VERTICAL COLUMN AS IN THE GEOS-CHEM MODEL GOMEGEOS-CHEM JUL 97 r = 0.50 AUG 97 r = 0.46

9. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 9 of 12 GOME HCHO COLUMN IS QUALITATIVELY CONSISTENT WITH THE UPDATED MEGAN BIOGENIC INVENTORY GOME HCHO - July 1997 MEGAN Isoprene Emissions July 2000 [Guenther et al.] GEOS-CHEM (GEIA) Isoprene Emissions - July 1997

10. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 10 of 12 HCHO/NO2 COLUMN RATIO SHOWS ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS INFLUENCE NOx-satNOx-sens Also following indications by Martin et al., [2003]: GOME HCHO column could be used as a proxy for isoprene emissions on Eastern Europe GOME HCHO and NO2 data: P. Palmer, M. Fu, R. Martin, K. Chance, T. Kurosu

11. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 11 of 12 ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM GOME OVER EASTERN EUROPE - JULY 1997 GOME Isoprene Emissions Formaldehyde Column non-isoprene contribution GEOS-CHEM Relationship Isoprene Emissions and HCHO Column from the model 0.4 Tg C 0.2 Tg C

12. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. LAquila - CETEMPS 12 of 12 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK Formaldehyde column from GEOS-CHEM (GEIA) differs from GOME over Europe Use of GOME data as constraint on European isoprene emissions indicates a reduction of the flux. This is consistent with recent work (e.g. MEGAN) To do next: –Careful estimate of the errors of the inversion method –Estimate isoprene emissions country by country for comparison with Simpson et al. [1999] –MEGAN inventory into the model –Seasonal cycle –Asses contribution of biomass burning over Greece and South Italy to HCHO column –Comparison of GOME HCHO with campaign data (MINOS, FORMAT)

13. Gabriele Curci http://www.aquila.infn.it/people/Gabriele.Curci.html/ Università degli Studi dellAquila – CETEMPS LAquila, ITALY http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/ U. LAquilaCETEMPS THE END Thanks for the attention!