1. Lecture # 6 Topic: Land & the People of Pakistan III
Recap of lecture # 5
Background &Location of Pakistan
Land boundaries & Border countries: Afghanistan, China , India, Iran ,Coast line
Climate
Natural resources
Current Environmental Issues

2. Cont. Natural Hazards Government Export commodities
Imports commodities
TV and Radio station
Agriculture, fishing, forestry & mining
International agreements
Now Today’s topic

3. Annual Rainfall- Its Distribution and types
Rainfall in Pakistan is mostly brought by the following Types of winds in different periods during the year:
Convectional rain in early summer
Monsoonal or relief rain in summer from south west monsoon
Cyclonic rain caused by depressions brought along the prevailing westerly winds in the cool seasons.

4. Seasons Hot Season – April to June Rainy Season – July to September
Cool Season – October to March

5. Rural and Urban Areas
Pakistan is an agricultural country and 80 % of its people form the rural population of the country,
The villages, towns and small cities form the rural areas of Pakistan
Their main profession is cultivation and ploughing

6. Differences between Rural and Urban Way of Life
The rural and urban life differs in a number of ways. For an agricultural country like Pakistan, it is essential to understand how and why life in rural and urban areas differs.
1. Function
Villages and towns differ in function. Villages are usually engaged in primary activities, including farming, animal keeping, loading, fishing etc.

7. Cont.
Towns are engaged in secondary activities, like manufacturing, trade, transport, telecommunications, education, medical treatment and other activities.

8. Cont.
However, these two sets of activities are not exclusively confined to rural and urban areas. Shops, transportation services, educational and medical facilities are found in rural areas, too.
But less facilities of modern life, are available in villages as compare to town and cities.

9. Cont.
In urban areas, on the other hand, relationships tend to be impersonal; urban areas are thickly populated that most people do not even know who their neighbors are. This is case in large urban centers like Karachi and Islamabad.
Lifestyle
Some specialists believe that lifestyle is a distinguishing feature of villages and towns. According to them, close contact with other members of the community is a distinctive feature of rural life. The inhabitants of a village, for example, usually know each other personally.

10. Cont.
However, even in modern cities, there are pockets in the city where people who belong to the same community or village live. In such areas people know each other and have closer contact with their neighbors.
In small towns, which are in reality overgrown villages, most people known one another as well.

11. Cont.
It is also argued that while village life is traditional, urban life is rational. This is not entirely the case in Pakistan. Most of the urban population in Pakistan has a strong rural background. Although the use of urban facilities changes their way of living, it does not change their way of thinking much.

12. Cont.
In Pakistan, the lifestyles of the rich and poor differ far more than the lifestyles of city and village dwellers. The objective application of lifestyle as a factor for distinguishing between villages and towns is therefore difficult.

13. Cont.
Population
Another factor used to distinguish between villages and towns is population. Although this opinion is applied in many countries, there is no agreement on size. In Canada, for example, a settlement with a population of more than 1,000 is considered urban, in Japan more than 30,000 and in Pakistan, 5,000.

14. Cont.
Pakistan, a settlement can also call itself a town if it has a two committee or cantonment that controls electricity, the water supply and drainage. For example, Ziarat in Baluchistan had a population of 619 in 1998, but it was still classified as a town because it had these services. However, there are only ten towns with populations of less than 5,000 out of a total 478 urban centers in Pakistan.

15. Important Cities of Pakistan
Rawalpindi-Islamabad
Famous for: General Headquarters of the Pakistan Army, Air and Naval Headquarters
Cotton and textile mills, steel mills and oil refineries.
Quality educational Institutions
Only hill resort in Punjab-Murree
Beautiful place (Margallah hills)and pleasant climate

16. Cont. Karachi Karachi is famous for:
Capital city of the province Sind and the largest city of Pakistan
Coast line & Sea ports
Trade, Industry, education and other fields of life
Beautiful beaches- hawks Bay
International Airport
Quaid –i- Azam was born in Karachi
Steel Mill

17. Cont. Lahore is famous for: Capital city of the province of Punjab
Historical city
Lahore resolution 1940 & Minar-i-Pakistan
City of Colleges
City of Gardens
Commercial and trade center
Number of Newspapers, journals and magazines published from Lahore

18. Cont.
Peshawar is famous for:
Peshawar is the capital city of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa.
Khyber pass
Historical city
Qissa Khawani Bazar
Famous educational Institutions

19. Cont.
Quetta is famous for:
Quetta is the provincial capital of Baluchistan
Bolan Pass, Hanna lake and Urak valley
Staff College
Important center of Baluchistan
Educational Institutions
Strategic importance
Fruit producing city

20. Provincial Setup of Pakistan
History: In 1947 Pakistan was consist on two provinces, East Pakistan and west Pakistan.The Eastern part was separated from the rest of the country in 1971.
The Present Pakistan which consists of the western part of the country, comprises of four provinces and a number of Tribal ares.
The tribal areas are situated in the extreme north of the country.

21. Cont. These provinces are further sub-divided into divisions.
And divisions into districts and sub-divisions for administrative purposes.
Every district is divided into tehsil while the tehsils consist on several villages.
Before partition Punjab, East and west Punjab, consist of 28 districts, Eleven districts fell in Easteran Punjab, which declared as part of India, and 17 districts were included in the Western Punjab which fell in Pakistan.

22. Cont.
This distribution of districts remained unchanged till 1956 when scheme of One Unit was introduced in Pakistan
One Unit was dissolved by President Yahya Khan in 1969 and Punjab once again got the status of a province.
At that time three new districts were announced and after this many new districts announced till 1991.

23. Baluchistan & KPK
There are 29 districts in Baluchistan.
Baluchistan has the lowest population density.
Quetta is the biggest city of Baluchistan
KPK has 24 districts
The urban population in the province has increased
Peshawar is the biggest city of KPK

24. Sind & Punjab Sind is called the gift of the Indus.
It is known as Babul Islam because of Muhammad bin Qasim. It is the land of sufis, saints and poets.
The province has 27 districts
The word Punjab means the land of the five rivers.
It is the biggest province of the country
Punjab has 35 districts

25. Northern Areas
Northern Areas or Gilgit –Baltistan is the northernmost region of Pakistan.
It has six districts.
Five peaks of the world are in the northern areas of Pakistan
World’s largest glaciers are in Northern areas such as Baltoro & Hipsar.
K-2, 2nd highest mountain of the world is in Northern areas.

26. Social life in Pakistan
And above all, we boost of a strong social unit.
Our family system is strongest in the world where we respect our elders and do not abandon them to old homes.
We in Pakistan, have a social setup where a father/grandfather is usually considered a figure of authority and this helps keeps things balanced at home.
Pakistan is the best place to be when you are in your old age. we have a country that make us, Pakistanis, everywhere proud. So stand up and tell the world,
“We are proud to be a Pakistani”.

27. Physical Environment forms Human Environment
Natural Resources:
water Sources: Rivers, Glaciers, Ground Water
Land Forms :Mountain, Valleys, Plateaus, Plains, Deserts
Climate: Temperature, Rainfall, Pressure, Humidity
Minerals: Metallic, Non-Metallic
Natural Vegetation: Forests

28. Cont. Human Resources: Industry Agriculture Mining Settlement
Transport
Trade

29. Summery
Annual Rainfall- Its Distribution and types,
Seasons,
Rural and Urban Areas,
Differences between Rural and Urban Way of Life,
Important Cities of Pakistan,
Provincial Setup of Pakistan
Social life in Pakistan

30. “We are proud to be a Pakistani”.