1. The Forgotten Blizzard of 1886 - Are our climate records better today? Tim Morrin Jeffrey Tongue NWS New York, NY

2. Gilda - 1946 January 9, 1886

3. March 13, 1888 ??

4. NCDC High 25 Low 15 Pcpn 0.30” Snow ??? Check of The Applied Climate Information System (ACIS), NOAA Regional Climate Centers. SAME RESULT. Record of 4.3” in 1974

5. NWS Web Page

6. Records Dr. Daniel Draper 1841-1931 Director of the New York Meteorological Observatory 1869-1911 Records are in the Library of Congress

7. Where??

8. What Did Dr. Draper Report??

9. 5”

10. How?? The Draper self- recording pluviometer.

12. U.S. Signal Service: Daily Journal 28.719” Hg (972 mb) Anemometer Cups Blown Away. 44 miles in velocity. Street and RR Travel almost entirely suspended. Many Marine Disasters Reported. TOTAL SNOWFALL: 11.90”

13. Today

14. ASOS ZOO

15. Central Park Zoo

16. Measuring snow The correct way to measure snow Sometimes not a “no- brainer”!

17. You will need two SNOW BOARDS. Approx. 3 ft X 3 ft and painted white. One board never gets swept (this one is for continuous snow depth) The other board gets swept during snow event every 6 hours. Wiggle room here!! The total snowfall for event is the Summation of all 6 hourly measurements

18. First order climate locations At airports—MANY challenges Poor siting-NWS has no say where they are. Too many obstructions Too few acceptable locations to measure. CENTRAL PARK BETTER—open sky, natural terrain, 24/7 coverage, yearly training. Doing it here since winter of 1996-97

19. QUESTIONS ?????