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Chapter 3 Introduction to plant structure
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Organization of the vascular plant body
Cells Tissues Organs Meristems – meristematic cells, initials Derivatives – differentiated, non-meristematic, specialized cells
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Cells Meristems & growth Apical meristems & primary growth
Lateral meristems & secondary growth
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Primary growth Figure 3.15
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Apical meristems 3 primary meristems Protoderm Ground meristem
Procambium
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Lateral meristems Secondary growth (woody plants) Vascular cambium
Cork cambium
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Secondary growth & plant life cycles
Herbaceous plants vs. woody plants Annuals, biennials, perennials
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Intercalary meristems
Stem elongation in grasses
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Organization of the vascular plant body
Cells Tissues Organs Dermal Ground Vascular
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Dermal tissues Epidermis
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Epidermis Cuticle
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Would you expect root epidermis to have cuticle?
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Epidermis Trichomes
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Epidermis
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Dermal tissues Periderm
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Focus on periderm Maple bark Cypress bark
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Periderm (bark) Oak bark Pine bark
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Dermal products
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Cuticle & Carnauba wax
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Trichomes & Terpenes Lipid-based Essential oils Pyrethrins Citronellol
Camphor Mints (Mentha) Menthol Pyrethrins
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A terpene antimicrobial & anti-feedant
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Ground tissues Parenchyma Chlorenchyma
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Ground tissues Sclerenchyma Fibers Sclereids
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Sclereids
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Sclerenchyma fibers
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Sclerenchyma fibers
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Important fiber crops Hemp
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Important fiber crops Flax (linen)
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Important fiber crops Ramie
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Jute Bangladesh - #1 producer
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Ground tissues Collenchyma
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Vascular tissues Xylem Phloem
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(EUDICOTS)
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Vascular tissues Vascular bundles in stems
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Dicot root, c.s. Xylem vessel Xylem tracheid Phloem
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Vascular tissue Phloem Sieve tube Companion cell
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Vascular tissues Longitudinal sections
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Cuticle is associated with which tissue(s)?
Epidermis Sclerenchyma Xylem Ground tissue All of these
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Photosynthesis primarily occurs in
Epidermis Ground tissue Phloem Collenchyma Vascular tissue
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Water transport is accomplished by
Dermal tissue Ground tissue Sclerenchyma fibers Phloem Vascular tissue
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Organization of the vascular plant body
Cells Tissues Organs Shoot system Stems Leaves Flowers Root system
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Plant growth & development
Seed plant embryos give rise to roots, stems and leaves of adult plant
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