1. Refraction happens when light crosses a boundary between two materials.
air
glass
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2. When light goes from air to glass it slows down and changes direction towards the normal.
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3. The angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence.
air
glass
angle of incidence
angle of refraction
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4. When the light leaves the glass it speeds up again
When the light leaves the glass it speeds up again. It changes direction away from the normal.
air
glass
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5. The angle of refraction is bigger than the angle of incidence.
air
glass
angle of incidence
angle of refraction
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6. The light ray that emerges from the glass block is parallel to the original incident ray.
air
glass
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7. What will happen to this ray of light?
air
glass
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8. The light changes direction towards the normal as it goes into the glass.
air
glass
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9. It changes direction away from the normal as it leaves the glass.
air
glass
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10. What will happen to this ray of light?
air
water
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11. Light speeds up when it goes from water to air, so the light ray will change direction away from the normal.
air
water
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12. What will happen to this ray?
air
water
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13. It will change direction away from the normal
It will change direction away from the normal. The angle of incidence is smaller than for the first ray, so the angle of refraction is also smaller.
air
water
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14. The two rays appear to be coming from a point above the real object
The two rays appear to be coming from a point above the real object. Water always looks shallower than it really is.
air
water
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