1. Basic Electricity and Welding
SECTION OVERVIEW:
The next slides are meant to explain basic electricity and its relationship to arc welding.
TEACHER NOTES:
Slides 30-32: Bulleted information on topical area is provided to lead class discussion on the importance of electricity in arc welding processes.

2. The Arc Welding Circuit
The electricity flows from the power source, through the electrode and across the arc, through the base material to the work lead and back to the power source

3. Basic Electricity
DC -
Voltage – The electrical potential or pressure that causes current to flow
Measured in Volts
Current – The movement of charged particles in a specific direction
Measured in Amps
Polarity
DC- (Direct Current Electrode Negative)
DC+ (Direct Current Electrode Positive)
AC (Alternating Current)
DC+ AC

4. Arc Welding Basics SECTION OVERVIEW:
Section Overviews are provided on the introductory slides at the front of each topical area to explain the intended use for the slides included in the section.
Slide numbers are included on the Section Overview slides for easy reference when preparing for delivery of the slide content.
TEACHER NOTES:
Teacher Notes are included on the Section Overview slides as a reference tool when making class preparations.
Suggested Activities are included for teachers to use to help students gain practical experience with the welding content. However, these are designed to be supplemented by each teacher based on local program needs.
Slides have been developed to incorporate content information regarding performance standards from the American Welding Society (AWS) and the National Academic Standards for English, Science, and Math.
Arc Welding Basics

5. Unit Topics Topics included in this overview are: Introduction
What is Arc Welding?
Why is Welding Important?
Why Learn to Weld?
Careers in Welding
The American Welding
Society (AWS)
Welding Safety
Basic Electricity
Welding Fundamentals
Welding Certification
SECTION OVERVIEW:
This slide is meant to start generating conversation and thoughts about content to be covered in this lesson.
TEACHER NOTES:
Bulleted information on topical areas is provided to lead class discussion on areas which are to be covered in the training.

6. Objectives
Upon successful completion of this unit of study, you will be able to …
Identify definitions and terminology associated with welding
Demonstrate safe working habits in the welding environment
Name the parts and types of welds and weld joints
Interpret basic welding symbol information
Identify opportunities available to welders
SECTION OVERVIEW:
This slide is included to explain the objectives of this unit of study.
TEACHER NOTES:
Teachers could use this opportunity to give a high-level overview of the importance and application of welding in today’s society.

7. Introduction SECTION OVERVIEW:
These slides are to serve as an opener for discussions about the basics of arc welding.
TEACHER NOTES:
Slides 4-9: Slides are provided for teachers to use to help students learn about the basics of arc welding.
Slide content is designed to serve only as a framework for class discussions and should be supplemented with additional materials based on local program needs.
The American Welding Society
Contact you local chapter
Student memberships available
You do not need to be a member to attend a chapter meeting.
Find out more at
Introduction

8. Arc welding is most commonly used to join two pieces of metal
What is Arc Welding?
Arc welding is most commonly used to join two pieces of metal
The welder creates an electric arc that melts the base metals and filler metal (consumable) together so that they all fuse into one solid piece of metal
Steel Pipe – Tack Welded
Final weld after several beads are made
Root Pass or “Stringer Bead”

9. Why is Welding Important?
Many things around us are welded …
Pipelines that bring fresh water
Towers that carry electricity to houses
Cars and buses that take people where they need to go

10. Welding is so HOT …. it’s COOL!
Why Learn to Weld?
Welding is so HOT …. it’s COOL!
Welding can help build a successful career so you can get the things you want in life
Skilled welders are in demand – people use things that are welded everyday!
Welding can be fun and safe
It is challenging and high-tech

11. Basic Steps of Arc Welding
Prepare the base materials: remove paint and rust
Choose the right welding process
Choose the right filler material
Assess and comply with safety requirements
Use proper welding techniques and be sure to protect the molten puddle from contaminants in the air
Inspect the weld

12. English, Math, and Science Connection
SECTION OVERVIEW:
The next slides discuss how the content covered in the welding unit is applicable to English, Math, and Science classes.
TEACHER NOTES:
Slides 59-61: These slides contain information regarding how this welding unit of study relates to the National Academic Standards.

13. English, Math, and Science Connection
Many of the same concepts you learn in other classes are practiced in welding. In what other classes might you study the following terms?
75/25 – gas mixture
Volts
Amps
Degree/hr – cooling rate
In/min
Angles/degrees
Metallurgy
Fillet size
Current
Tension
Compression
Tensile strength
Yield
Blueprints
Depth/width ratio
Preheat temperature
Cubic feet per hour

14. Math Terms and Welding SECTION OVERVIEW:
The next few slides are intended to help students connect welding with math applications needed in the work world.
TEACHER NOTES:
Slide 33-34: This slide contains information to help clarify how several math terms apply to welding.

15. Math Terms in Welding
Believe it or not, a lot of math is used in welding
IPM Travel Speed = Inches per Minute Travel Speed
The speed the electrode moves along the base material
IPM Wire Feed Speed= Inches per Minute Wire Feed Speed
The speed at which the wire is fed during wire welding
Lbs/hr = Pounds per Hour
Electrode deposition rate
CFH= Cubic Feet per Hour
Shielding gas flow rate (wire welding)
PSI= Pounds per Square Inch
Tensile strength of a material and the pressure in gas cylinders
L = Leg
Fillet size measurement
% = percent
Shielding gas mixture composition

16. Welding Symbols SECTION OVERVIEW:
The next slides are intended to help students learn about welding symbols
TEACHER NOTES:
Slides 44-46: These slides show some examples of actual welding symbols which can help students more easily grasp the concepts discussed.
For more information on welding symbols, see “How to Read Shop Drawings” available for purchase from the James F. Lincoln Foundation (
To order free posters on the parts of a weld, types of joints, positions and welding symbols go to (Winter 2006)

17. What are Welding Symbols?
Welding symbols give the welder specific instructions about the weld including:
Placement
Size
Length
Process
Any other special notes
Welding symbols are
Universally used
Governed by the AWS
Found on engineering drawings
“How to Read Shop Drawings” available at

18. Welding symbols contain information about the weld to be made
S – leg dimension of the weld
Triangle – the weld is to be made on the arrow side of this joint
Tail – any additional information required (i.e. position the weld is to be made)
Arrow - the joint the welding symbol applies to

19. Parts of a Weld SECTION OVERVIEW:
The next slides are intended to help students develop an understanding of the parts of a weld and of fillet weld inspection
TEACHER NOTES:
Slides 41-43: Examples of various types of welds are provided to help students visualize the concepts discussed.
Common terms and definitions applied to fillet and groove welds:
Fillet Weld: Triangular cross section joining two surfaces approximately at right angles to each other in a lap joint, T-joint, or corner joint
Groove Weld: A weld made in the groove between work pieces.
Fillet Weld Leg: Distance from the joint root to toe of fillet weld
Weld Toe: Junction of weld face and base metal
Weld Face: Exposed surface on side where welding was done
Weld Root: Point at which the back of the weld intersects the base metal surface
Actual Throat: Shortest distance between weld root and face of fillet weld
Notice the term ‘convex’ in Slide 43. Define for the class and give examples.
To order free posters on the parts of a weld, types of joints, positions and welding symbols go to (Winter 2006)

20. Parts of a Weld
Heat Affected Zone
Joint and Weld

21. Fillet and Groove Welds
Groove and fillet welds can be made on many types of joints

22. Fillet Weld Inspection
Fillet welds should:
Have a flat to slightly convex face
Be uniform in appearance
Have equal leg size
Have good wash-in into base materials
This is an example of a good fillet weld:

23. Welding Positions SECTION OVERVIEW:
This next slide is intended to help students learn about welding positions.
TEACHER NOTES:
Slides 47-48: Show examples of welding positions to help students more easily grasp the concepts discussed in this section.
To order free posters on the parts of a weld, types of joints, positions and welding symbols go to )

24. What are Welding Positions?
There are various positions that a weld can be made in: