1. IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER
DCN:
Title: Presentation on CALM
Date Submitted: September, 2006
Presented at IEEE session #16 Melbourne
Authors or Source(s):
  Dick Roy
Abstract: Presentation on CALM

2. IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements
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The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual < and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development

3. CALM Architecture and Network
SeVeCOM Workshop
Lausanne 1-2 February 2006
CALM Architecture and Network

4. What is CALM?

5. CALM - Overall Continuous Air interface for Long and Medium distance
ISO TC204/WG16 – Wide Area Communications
Support user transparent continuous communications
CALM is the first open way to combine GPRS with vehicle-optimized WLAN technology NOT a complicated collection of new, unproven radio technologies

6. CALM Communication Scenarios
RSE
5.8GHz
DSRC
vehicle-to-vehicle *
(CALM 5 or 60 GHz)
portable-to-
vehicle
RSE-to-
RSE *
Hot-Spot
(WiFi)
Satellite
Broadcast
GPS/GALILEO
Terrestrial
2G/3G
WiMAX
CALM M5
WAVE *
CALM
IR *

7. CALM Applications Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety Communication
Support of Internet services
Support of traditional ITS apps – media independent through DSRC L7
New generation of applications:
Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety Communication
New commercial applications made possible by high data rate & long range.

8. Services defined for 5 GHz medium - 1
CVO - Tractor-Trailer Interface
CVO - Rollover Warning
CVO - Electronic Border Clearance
CVO - Weigh Station Bypass Clearance
CVO - CVO Fleet Management
CVO - Onboard Safety Data Transfer
CVO - Tractor-Trailer Matching
CVO - Transit Vehicle Data Transfer
CVO - Vehicle Safety Inspection
CVO - Drivers Daily Log
OTHER SERVICES - Probe Data Collection
OTHER SERVICES - Access Control
OTHER SERVICES – Vehicle Manufacturer Info
PAYMENTS - Toll Collection
PAYMENTS - ITS Service Payment
PAYMENTS - Other ePayments
PAYMENTS - Rental Car Processing
PAYMENTS - Parking Payment
PAYMENTS - Food Payment
PAYMENTS - Fuel Payment
SAFETY - Vehicle-to-vehicle Data Transfer
SAFETY – Highway-Rail Intersection Warning
Traffic Information - Audio Transfer - Streaming
Traffic Information - Map Updates
Traffic Information - Mobile Internet
Traffic Information - Traffic Data
Traffic Information - Traveller Information
Traffic Information - Vehicle Registration (EVI)
Traffic Information - Transit Vehicle Priority
Traffic Information - Diagnostic Data Transfer
Traffic Information - Video Transfer - Block
Traffic Information - Audio Transfer - Block
Traffic Information - Video Transfer - Streaming
Traffic Information - Repair Service Record
Traffic Information - Vehicle Software Updates
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Approaching Emergency Vehicle Warning
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Emergency Vehicle Signal Pre-emption
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intersection Emergency Vehicle Approaching
VSC - RSU to OBU - Emergency Scene Data Networking
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Emergency Scene Data Networking
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Collision Warning

9. Services defined for 5 GHz medium - 2
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Pre-crash Sensing
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Intersection Collision Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Enhanced Differential GPS Corrections
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Highway/Rail Collision Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Vehicle-based Road Condition Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Road Feature Notification
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Curve Speed Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Visibility Enhancer
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Electronic Brake Lights
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Hybrid Intersection Collision Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Instant (Problem) Messaging
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Blind Merge Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Post-Crash Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Merge Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Lane Change Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Left Turn Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Stop Sign Movement Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Glare Reduction
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Blind Spot Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Platooning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Infrastructure-based Traffic Probes
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - SOS Services
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Post-Crash Warning
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Just-in-Time Repair Notification
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intelligent On-ramp Metering
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intelligent Traffic Lights
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Blind Merge Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Map Downloads and Updates
VSC - RSU to OBU - Enhanced Route Guidance and Navigation
VSC - RSU to OBU - GPS Corrections
VSC - RSU to OBU - Adaptive Headlight Aiming
VSC - RSU to OBU - Adaptive Drivetrain Management
VSC - RSU to OBU - Merge Assistant
VSC - RSU to OBU - Sign Information (warning assistance)
VSC - RSU to OBU - Point-of-Interest Notification
VSC - RSU to OBU - Curve Speed Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Highway/Rail Collision Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Animal Crossing Zone Information
VSC - RSU to OBU - Low Bridge Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Work Zone Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Stop Sign Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Keep Clear' Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Wrong-way Driver Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Left Turn Assistant
VSC - RSU to OBU - Infrastructure Intersection Collision Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Pedestrian Crossing Information
VSC - RSU to OBU - Pedestrian/Children Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - School Zone Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Stop Sign Movement Assistance
VSC - RSU to OBU - Traffic Signal Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Low Parking Structure Warning

10. TC204/WG16 Co-operation
IEEE p and P1609 – Wireless Access in the Vehicular Environment (WAVE) - Co-operation agreement with WG16
ETSI ERM TG37 – 2G/3G standards, spectrum and test standards,…
IETF – Internet Network Mobility (NEMO)
ITU-R WP 8A – Global radio standards
USA projects: VSCC and VII
Japan projects: CALM Proof-Of-Concept,…
Europe projects: C2C-CC, CVIS, SafeSpot,…

11. What is CALM? Technically!

12. CALM classic architecture
ISO TC204
ITS APPLICATIONS
IPv6 layer
TCP
UDP
Service
QoS
Interface
Selection
Handover
Stream &
Realtime
Protocols
ISO
DSRC L7
HTTP/
SMTP
MAC
802.11p
WAVE
Init
Hnd-
ovr
Secur
2G/3G
GSM
GPS/Galileo
L2/UDP …

13. CALM System Architecture (21217) (Rev. Geneva)
CME
CALM
Manager
ISO 21210
CME
Registration of
Ingress/Egress
Interfaces
Application
Management ISO 24101
Non-CALM-aware
ISO based
APPLICATIONS
Non-CALM-aware
IP (Internet)
APPLICATIONS
CALM-Aware
APPLICATIONS
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Convergence Layer
Part of ISO ISO 21210
Convergence Layer
IP socket/ ISO 21210
TCP/UDP/…
INTERNET STANDARDS
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
NME
Network
Manager
ISO 21210
NETWORK INTERFACE
Routing and Media Switching based on IPv6
ISO 21210
SAP
SAP …
GPRS
EDGE
2G Cell
Manager
ISO 21212
ISO 21218
SAP
SAP …
cdma2k
UMTS
3G Cell
Manager
ISO 21213
ISO 21218
SAP …
IR-B
IR-A
ISO 21214 IR
Manager
ISO 21218 …
WiFi M5
ISO 21215
W-LAN
Manager
SAP
ISO 21218
RADAR
MM-J
MM-E
ISO 21216
Millimeter
Manager
SAP
ISO 21218
K-DSRC
J-DSRC
C-DSRC
DSRC
ISO15628
ISO 24103
SAP …
HC-SDMA
WiMAX
ISO 24xxx
W-MAN
Manager
SAP
ISO 21218 …
DAB
GPS
ISO 24xxx
Broadcast
Manager
SAP
ISO 21218 …
W-USB
BlueT
ISO 24xxx
PAN
Manager
SAP
ISO 21218
Ether
AMIC
CAN
ISO 24xxx
Wired
Manager
SAP
ISO 21218
IME
Interface Manager
ISO 24102
ISO 21218
SAP
CALM Media
External Media
CALM Network
21218 = LSAP
Applications
Data SAP
Management SAP
SAP
SAP

14. CVIS β + γ Vehicle Architecture
OEM G/W
Real-time
Applications
CALM Network
Layer
C2C Switch
Layer
Sensors, HMI
and Control
Firewall
In-Vehicle App
Ethernet RT
Link
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
Ethernet
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
Ref pt
In-vehicle OEM networks CAN/VAN/MOST/AMI-C..
ITS In-Vehicle Network 100baseT Ethernet
Real-time
Applications
CVIS Integrated Mobile Router
Nomadic device Gateway
CME.
Router
IME.
NME.
CALM Routing
Comms
gateway
Network
Network
DSRC L1
DSRC L2/L7
DSRC Convergence
Network
GPRS PHY
GPRS Stack
GPRS Convergence
Network
GPS PHY
GPS Stack
GPS Convergence
Network
C2C-CC
Fast Net
Ethernet
CALM LLC
CALM MAC
Blue-
tooth
Ethernet
CALM M5 PHY
Blue-
tooth
Combined Antenna Pod

15. Communication Scenarios
CALM defines 5 communication scenarios:
0 – V2I Non-IPv6 communications
1 – V2I/V2V Local IPv6
2 – V2I MIPv6
3 – V2I NEMO
4 – V2V Non-IPv6

16. CALM M5: C2C-CC & WAVE IP Applications (Deployment)
Geoaddressed applications
(e.g. active safety)
IP Applications (Deployment)
WAVE Short Message Apps
TCP / UDP
WSMP
IPv6 B
C2C-CC Network Layer C A B
LLC/MAC (IEEE p)
C2C MAC
P1609.4
PHY (IEEE p)

17. How to get more info
ISO TC204/WG16 Convenor: T. Russell Shields
ISO TC204/SG16.0 Convenor: Knut Evensen
ISO TC204/SG16.1 Convenor: Bob Williams

18. Example: Full Vehicle Architecture
Central Router
Computer
Computer
Firewall
Directory
services
CME .CM
ITS Application
INTERNET
SERVICE
SAP
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
Routing
Sensors
and Control
Layer 5-7
Layer 5-7
OEM G/W
NME
.CM
SAP
SAP
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
CALM Network Layer 3-4
Network
In-Vehicle App
IVN DLL
Convergence
IVN DLL
Convergence
IME
.CM
Convergence
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
In-vehicle OEM network
ITS In-Vehicle Network
CALM MR 1
CALM MR 2
CME
.MR1
CME .MR2
Routing
CALM Network
Network
Layer 3-4
Network
Layer 3-4
CALM Network
SAP
Convergenc
N-Layer
NME. MR1
SAP
Routing
NME
.MR2
CALM LLC
IVN DLL
Convergence
CELL Netw
IVN DLL
SAP
IME.MR1
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
CALM MAC
IME
.MR2
CELL DLL
SAP
CALM M5 PHY
IVN PHY
Cellular PHY
IVN PHY

19. Application Requirmt List
CALM Manager
Interface
Protocol
Application
Policies
User Interface
Routes
Interface Status List
Application Requirmt List

20. 5 GHz Spectrum (not exact!)
Europe
HiperLAN
BRAN
Japan
”j-band”
North Ameri
U-NII
U-NII - New
Old
ISM band
ISM
CALM M5
WAVE?
Configurable or regionally fixed part
Dedicated ITS (DSRC)
Requested : Global ITS Safety allocation

21. What is CALM M5?

22. US DSRC (WAVE)
WAVE is IEEE p Wireless Access for Vehicles - as required by US DoT/VSCC/VII/…
WAVE is optimised for US channel plan
WAVE protocols are optimised for current single-radio technology.
No GSM or other technology is included.

23. CALM M5 Global (European) 5 GHz spectrum
CALM M5 incorporate WAVE and adds:
Global (European) 5 GHz spectrum
Regulatory domain (border) management
Directivity and EMC control
CEN DSRC co-operation
Multiple radio/interface/antenna management
GPRS/UMTS network interconnectivity

24. “CVIS” Co-operative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems Integrated Project proposal IST Programme (6th FW) RTD Priority “Cooperative Systems”

25. CVIS in brief 13 SMEs 12 countries 63 Partners 4 years’ duration
Project budget €41m

26. CVIS Project Overview

27. CVIS Host Layers Apps Services & Middleware Platform Core Functions
CALM Manager
FOAM
HMI Security Vehicle API Mntg Agent
COMMS
server
Operating System and Hardware
CALM
CVIS RT
apps
COMO
POMA
Mapping server
(native) JVM
Runtime environment (OSGi)
CVIS
app1
app2
app3
COMO Probe
Data app
client app
Apps
Services &
Middleware
Platform
Core
Functions

28. CVIS Vehicle Configuration
Computer
Router
Antenna
OEM
Gateway
PDA
antenna

29. Full CVIS Scenario WLAN DSRC IR GSM WiMAX Control Centre Roadside Ant
Computer
Router
Antenna
OEM
Gateway
PDA
antenna
Internet
CVIS Roadside Suitcase
Roadside
Comp
VMS
Light
Loop
Traffic Light
Ant
FOAM
Apps
Service
GSM
WiMAX
Control Centre
WLAN
DSRC IR
Full CVIS Scenario

30. CVIS applications XFCD, fusion with infrastructure sensors
Cooperative Monitoring
XFCD, fusion with infrastructure sensors
Urban
Cooperative network management
Cooperative area destination-based control
Cooperative acceleration/deceleration
Dynamic bus lanes
Interurban
Enhanced driver awareness
Cooperative travellers' assistance
Freight and Fleet
Access control
Dangerous goods
Parking booking
• Cooperative network management - optimum area traffic management by using
vehicle/driver destination and other characteristics, and individualised route guidance.
• Cooperative area routing - intersection controllers signal momentary disturbances in
traffic flow in their area of control, and give individual, destination-based and
appropriate rerouting advice to approaching vehicles.
• Cooperative local traffic control - enhanced local intersection traffic control that
cooperates with the approaching vehicles, gives control and traffic state related
information to the driver and supports and creates green waves through speed
recommendations (profiles) for the drivers and data exchange with neighbouring
intersections.
• Enhanced Driver Awareness (EDA) – Inform vehicle drivers directly by
communication from the roadside about relevant aspects of the dynamic traffic
situation, current speed regulations, and road and weather conditions in their
immediate vicinity
• Cooperative Travellers’ Assistance (CTA) – Give drivers personalised information
about the evolving road network conditions downstream on the road network
• Cooperative Road-Charging (C-Charge) – Develop new methods for efficient use of
the road network by flexible charging for its use. Cooperative road charging will
develop from the basis of existing road charging mechanisms (stop-and-go, DSRC
based) to a dynamic, interactive and cooperative way of charging.

31. CVIS vs. SeVeCOM Co-operation on security aspects
CVIS needs
Co-operation on security aspects
Optimisation of IEEE P for Europe
An open-source implementation that would fit in with optimised and/or GST / OSGi
CVIS offers
Co-operation on standardisation efforts of ISO and IEEE
Access to relevant parts of CVIS platform
Potential co-operation on testing and validating cryptographic solutions

32. Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System Initiative European Commission presented by A. Schalk H.-J. Fischer ISO TC204 WG16-Workshop Shenzhen

34. Cooperative Systems Development
Coordinator: ERTICO
Total budget: € 41 Million
EC contribution: € 22 Million
Consortium: 61 partners - 12 countries
Core Technologies
Coordinator: Fiat Research Centre
Total budget: € 38 Million
EC contribution: € 20,5 Million
Consortium: 51 partners - 12 countries
Car<->Car
Coordinator: AustriaTech
Total budget: € 16,8 Million
EC contribution: € 9,6 Million
Consortium: 37 partners - 14 countries
Car<->Infrastructure
Cooperation links to: SISTER (EC-Proposal), SEVECOM, COMeSafety Car-2-Car Communications Consortium (C2C-CC), Network on Wheels (NoW), INVENT ACTIV (Germany), CVHS (UK), IVSS (Sweden)

35. EC-Projects Overview COOPERS CVIS SafeSpot SISTER Proposal
GPS, Galileo
Terrestrial Broadcast
RDS, DAB
Sat-Comm
GSM-GPRS
UMTS
WiMAX
Beacon
CALM-M5
CALM-IR
CEN-DSRC
Hot-Spot
(Wireless LAN)
Broadcast Transmitter
Variable Message Sign
Info-Broadcaster
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (M5, IR, MM)
COOPERS
CVIS
SafeSpot
SISTER Proposal

36. Cooperative technical subsystems
Roadside System
Internet
VMS
Ant
Tunneled
IPv6
Roadside
Gateway
Access
Router
Roadside
Host
Border
Router
SENS
Ctrl
Vehicle System
Central System
Antenna
Service
Centre
Internet
Gate-
way
Central
Host
Border
Router
Gate-
way
Central
Host
Border
Router
Mobile
Router
(MNN)
Vehicle
Host
Home
Agent
Vehicle
Gateway
Authority
Databases
Ctrl
Ctrl
Control
Centre
SENS
Gate-
way
Central
Host
Border
Router
SENS 36

37. CVIS Platform is intended to be (re)used in all relevant European Project
Will be based on Open Software/Open Design as far as possible
Designed as a very flexible R&D meta-platform rather than a commercial product
Still open for requirements – but the window is closing fast!
Will provide feedback to ISO TC204-WG16
CVIS invites interested parties to take contact CVIS Chief Architect: CVIS Integration Manager:

38. CVIS Router Platform Layers
Antenna
(Roof Layer)
Rooftop Antenna IR
M5 +
DSRC
GPS/
Galileo
2G/3G IR
Media HW
Advanced
Routing
COMM
Manager
CALM SW
Extensions
Media plug-in Manager
Platform
Core
Functions
Standard Automotive PC Hardware + RT Linux 38

39. CVIS Host Platform Layers
Park
Booking
Smart
Access
Dang.
Goods
Cooperative
Driving
Cooperative
Guidance
Real-time
apps
Apps
FOAM
HMI Security Vehicle API Mntg Agent
COMO
server
POMA
Mapping server
CALM Manager
Services
Runtime environment (OSGi)
Middleware
(native) JVM
Platform
Core
Functions
Operating System and Hardware 39

40. CVIS sub-project COMM time line
CAG
CAG
CAG
CAG
-developments
- integration
 - car & roadside
integration
GSM/GPRS
CALM M5 &
DSRC IR
GSM/GPRS
CALM M5 &
DSRC IR
GSM/GPRS
CALM M5 &
DSRC IR
Acceptance testing
without applications ETSI ?
Acceptance testing
with applications ETSI ?
Acceptance testing
Acceptance testing
Car & roadside ETSI ?
Router platform
Router platform
Router platform
Host platform
 test bed
 test bed
 test bed
+18
+25 ?
+28
+33
Validation plan
VALIDATION

41. Thank you! Contact: a.schalk@efkon.com knut.evensen@q-free.com
References: