1. Exploratory Committee on Graduate Student Unionization Graduate and Professional Student Senate (GPSS) October 2003 – Iowa State University

2. Agenda What is a union? Goals of Graduate Students Unions Steps to unionization Some statistics about GS unions Unions in Iowa (U. of Iowa, ISU) References

3. Definition: UNION An organization of wage earners formed for the purpose of serving the members' interests with respect to wages and working conditions. Source: The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition - Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

4. National Labor Relations Act Section 1: The policy of the United States is to be carried out "by encouraging the practice and procedure of collective bargaining and by protecting the exercise by workers of full freedom of association, self- organization, and designation of representatives of their own choosing, for the purpose of negotiating the terms and conditions of their employment..." Section 7: "Employees shall have the right to self- organization, to form, join, or bargain collectively through representation of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining..."

5. Features of Unionization Recognition as employees by the University and State. Representation of all graduate students. Voting rights might be restricted to TAs and GAs/AAs. International students have the right to join a union and this right is protected by the Right to Freedom of Association. Separation of Labor Law and Tax Law means no Social Security contributions. Membership dues range from $150 to $250 per year depending on budget and number of members. References: Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign www.shout.net/~geo/resources/faq.html www.shout.net/~geo/resources/faq.html A link to unions across the country: http://www.umich.edu/~umgeo/resources/other_grad_unions.html http://www.umich.edu/~umgeo/resources/other_grad_unions.html

6. Unionization issues Unique status of graduate students as both employees and students. Job Contract Tuition waivers Pay for all hours worked Written hiring policies Cap on student fees Protection from discrimination Job security Health insurance Right to file a grievance if any of the preceding benefits are not provided http://www.umich.edu/~umgeo/about/index.html

7. Step 1: Build an Organizing Committee Step 2: Adopt An Issues Program The Five Basic Steps To Organizing a Union http://www.ranknfile-ue.org/org_steps.html

8. Step 5: Negotiate a Contract Step 3: Sign-Up Majority on Union Cards Step 4: Win the Union Election http://www.ranknfile-ue.org/org_steps.html

9. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/review_of_higher_education/v026/26.2julius.pdf

11. Case Study: U. Wisconsin -Madison Teaching Assistants Association (TAA) involved with grad. student representation since 1967. Dues are 1.2% of the gross salary. In the past 30 years, the TAA has successfully won: –a full tuition waiver –free, comprehensive health care, including basic dental care –a grievance procedure to ensure fair resolution of work related issues –sick leave and family emergency leave –workload limits and overwork protection –paid, department-specific teacher training –posting of all jobs to ensure equal access to employment –child care assistance –significant gains towards PA-TA pay equity References: http://www.taa-madison.org/faq.html ;http://www.taa-madison.org/faq.html ; Contact Person: Ms. Dawn Biehler Publicity Chair (TAA _ Madison) Email: dbiehler@students.wisc.edu

12. Case Study: U. of Minnesota GradSOC (Graduate Student Organizing Congress) was formed to unionize the graduate assistants. Attempt to unionize failed in 1974, 1990 and 1999. Eligibility to vote restricted to RAs and TAs. Issues that could have caused the reversal of the movement –Multiple affiliations leading to high cost of membership –Different wages and wage sources for RAs and TAs – higher wages could reduce RA positions as grant money is used to pay. –Graduate students have successfully negotiated better health care without outside help and do not feel the need to pay References: www.daily.umn.edu/daily/1999/04/02/news/gsau/;www.daily.umn.edu/daily/1999/04/02/news/gsau/ http://www1.umn.edu/urelate/newsservice/Karla/unionvote99.htmlhttp://www1.umn.edu/urelate/newsservice/Karla/unionvote99.html; www.daily.umn.edu/daily/1999/05/07/news/end/ www.daily.umn.edu/daily/1999/05/07/news/end/ 3 – 0 in favor of Opponents to Unionization.

13. American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME) Council 61 AFSCME is the largest union of public employees in Iowa, representing more than 30,000 workers. AFSCME represents organized merit employees here on campus in Clerical, Technical, Blue Collar, and Security positions AFSCME negotiates with the State of Iowa and the Board of Regents AFSCME provides a platform to directly address grievances Worker benefits and economic stability are the primary issues concerning AFSCME Union dues are determined locally by chapter, although, AFSCME recommends monthly dues around $25/mo. References: http://www.afscmeiowa.org/

14. Member Benefits specific to AFSCME (cont.) Free car-buying service and referral Discount cell phone service and purchase Union hotel rates Professional moving service Discount legal benefits Scholarship opportunities References: http://www.afscmeiowa.org/ http://www.afscmeiowa.org/

15. Campaign to Organize Graduate Students (COGS) U. of Iowa UE Local 896/COGS represents approximately 2,500 Teaching and Research Assistants at the University of Iowa. Organized in 1996, the members of UE Local 896/COGS dedicate themselves to work for just salaries, benefits and working conditions for all Teaching and Research Assistants. http://www.cogs.org/faqs.html

16. How much did salaries increase? The '01 - '03 contract provides a 4% salary increase each year. Before the Union base salaries for a 50% appointment were $10,500 or, in many cases, much less... with no health care benefits. JULY 1, 2001 Increase minimum salary to: $14,718 - academic year; 50% appointment $17,989 - fiscal year; 50%appointment JULY 1, 2002 Increase minimum salary to: $15,330 - academic year; 50% appointment $18,736 - fiscal year; 50% appointment http://www.cogs.org/faqs.html

17. In 1996, Before We Had a Union Contract.... Hours of work and appointment levels were at the whim of the University. Salaries for RAs and TAs at the University of Iowa ranked in the bottom half of the Big Ten. Health insurance was limited and few could afford adequate care for ourselves and our families. Paid leaves including sick leave and bereavement leave were rare or nonexistent. RAs had no protection against working on holidays. Work rules were inconsistent and arbitrary. http://www.cogs.org/faqs.html

18. Now, With Our Union Contract.... We have protections against overwork. Hours of work must reflect an appointment percentage. RA and TA salaries rank in the top half of Big Ten. UI Grad Care provides comprehensive, affordable health care for all graduate employees and their families. Paid leaves of absence including sick leave and bereavement leave are now guaranteed. Like other University employees, all RAs and TAs are guaranteed nine paid holidays. Work rules must now be of a reasonable nature. Every two years we negotiate a legally-binding contract with the University to protect and improve our salaries, benefits, and working conditions. http://www.cogs.org/faqs.html

19. ISU situation Graduate students annually stipends at ISU vary from $ 13,872 to 26,208 ( $ 1,156 to 2,186 per month) Graduate College data

20. The graphs were created by the committee, based on data from ISU Graduate college.

22. References Julius, Daniel J. and Gumport, Patricia J. 2003. Graduate Student Unionization: Catalysts and Consequences. The Review of Higher Education, Vol. 26, N. 2, Winter 2003. COGS University of Iowa: www.cogs.org www.cogs.org GEO University of Michigan: www.umich.edu/~umgeo/about/index.html www.umich.edu/~umgeo/about/index.html AFSCME Iowa: http://www.afscmeiowa.org/http://www.afscmeiowa.org/ Organization: www.ranknfile-ue.org/org_steps.html