1. I/O Ports and Devices
Chapter 9
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2. Objectives Define ports Identify the different ports
Work with the IEEE 1394 bus
Configure IRQ
Troubleshoot ports
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3. Ports and show Introduction from CBT
Entry and exit point for data from the system
Connects the system and a device using a connecting cable
Located at the back or the front side of the system case
Ports have different shapes and sizes and you can not insert a plug in the wrong port
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4. Port Symbols Symbol Port Serial / COM Parallel USB
IEEE 1394 / Firewire
PS/2 – Keyboard
PS/2 – Mouse
Line In
Line Out
Microphone
Joystick
Bluetooth
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5. Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins
What is an I/O port?
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6. Types of Ports
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7. Question for GD Time Limit – 3 Mins
List the different types of ports available in a PC.
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8. Types of ports with speed
Standard
Data Rate
Medium
Serial (RS232C)
115,200 bps
Twisted Pair
Parallel (IEEE 1284)
2 Mbps
25 Conductor cable
USB
480 Mbps
Special 4 Wire Cable
IrDA
4 Mbps
Optical
Bluetooth
723 kbps
Radio
Firewire (IEEE 1394a)
400 Mbps
Special 10 wire Cable
Firewire (IEEE 1394b)
800 Mbps
Special 9 wire cable
eSATA
300 MBps
7 pin connection
HDMI
5Gbps
19 pin
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9. Serial Port and show through CBT
Sends and receives one bit of data at a time
Known as the Communication or COM port
Has 9 or 25 pins
Connect devices such as the mouse, plotters and modems
If you need more serial ports, you can install multi I/O card
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10. Question for GD Time Limit – 3 Mins
What are the different types of ports available in a PC?
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11. Parallel Port – I Transmits eight bits of data at a time Has 25 pins
Connects devices such as printers, scanners, external hard drive and tape drive
You can get more parallel ports by installing an expansion card
LPT1 uses IRQ7 and LPT2 uses IRQ5
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12. IEEE 1284
Compatibility Mode – used for directing data from computer to peripheral (output only)
Nibble Mode – 4 bit (Input only)
Byte Mode – uses software drivers same as nibble mode (8 bit)
Enhanced Parallel Port Mode (EPP) – it is hardware driven and bi-directional, high speed parallel port interface
Enhanced Capability Port Mode (ECP) – same as EPP uses DMA
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13. Parallel Port – II Different types of parallel ports are:
Bidirectional – Uses byte and compatible mode for data transmission
Standard Parallel Port (SPP) - Uses nibble and compatible mode for data transmission
Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) - Provides data transfer speed of 500 Kb to 2 Mb of data per second. It is built into super I/O chip or south bridge chip on motherboard
Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP) - Provides increased data communication speed to connect printer or scanner and supports DMA
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14. Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins
List the different types of parallel port.
Sl.
Types of Parallel Port
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15. PS/2 (Personal System/2)
Used to connect the keyboard and the mouse
Available in a color that matches the color of the device plug
Uses 6 pins to connect the device
Keyboard Port
Mouse Port
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16. Pin Diagram of PS/2
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17. Universal Serial Bus (USB)
Connects upto 127 devices to a single port
Supplies power to the device
Plug-and-play support
Maximum cable length is 30m thus you can connect 5 hubs to the USB
USB 1.0 – 1.5 Mbps, USB 1.1 – 12 Mbps and USB 2.0 – 480 Mbps, USB 3.0 – 5000Mbps
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18. USB Connection & Pin Diagram
Pin No.
Pin Name
Description 1
Vcc
+5V 2 D-
Data- 3 D+
Data+ 4
Gnd
Ground
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19. Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins
Mention the speed of different USB versions and list the devices that can be connected to an USB port.
USB Version
Speed
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20. USB Add-on Card and Hub
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21. Infrared Ports Communicate with the system without using wires
Devices send out infrared signals that enter the system through this port
Infrared Port
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22. Bluetooth Port
Allows wireless communication between devices within a ranged distance
Uses 2.45 GHz frequency range for data communication
Speed is 1 or 2 Mbps depending on the version
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23. IEEE 1394 Bus
Enables fast and high serial data transfer rate of upto 800 Mb per second
Connects and supplies power to the connected devices such as printer, scanner, web camera and generally used for transferring audio and video data from a camera to the system
Known as FireWire by Apple and iLink by Sony
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24. FireWire 800 (IEEE 1394b-2002) IEEE 1394b-2002 introduced FireWire 800
Transfer rate of  Mbit/s full-duplex
Backwards compatible to the slower rates
However, while the IEEE 1394a and IEEE 1394b standards are compatible, FireWire 800's connector, referred to as a beta connector and 400's alpha connectors.
In 2003, Apple was the first to introduce commercial products with the new connector.
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25. Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins
List the different types of firewire and which device is generally connected through firewire port?
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26. S-video Port
Short for Super-Video, a technology for transmitting video signals over a cable by dividing the video information into two separate signals: one for color (chrominance), and the other for brightness (luminance).
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27. Digital Visual Interface (DVI) Port
Data is transmitted using the transition minimized differential signaling (TMDS) protocol, providing a digital signal from the PC's graphics subsystem to the display.
Supports UXGA and HDTV with a single set of links.
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28. High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Port
Used for audiovisual equipment such as HD television and home theater systems.
With 19 wires wrapped in a single cable that resembles a USB wire, HDMI is able to carry a bandwidth of 5 Gbps (gigabits per second).
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29. Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format (S/PDIF) Port
A digital audio format used for transporting stereo digital audio signals on PC audio cards, CD players, DVD players, car audio systems, and other systems which transmit or receive stereo digital audio.
Found on digital audio equipment such as a DAT (Digital Audio Tape) machine.
Allows the transfer of audio from one file to another without the conversion to and from an analog format, which could degrade the signal quality.
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30. eSATA Key benefits of eSATA:
Up to 10 times faster than existing external storage solutions: USB 2.0, & 1394
Robust and user friendly external connection
High performance, cost effective expansion storage
Up to 2 meter shielded cables and connectors
Applications: External Direct Attached Storage for notebooks, desktop, consumer electronics and entry servers.
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31. eSATA Cards
PCI Card
PCIe Card
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32. Question for GD Time Limit – 5 Mins
What is the difference between DVI and HDMI port and list the devices that can be connected to these ports?
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33. Interrupt Request (IRQ) - I
Used by devices to communicate with the microprocessor
IRQ
Number
Typical Use
System timer 1
Keyboard 2
Interrupt for IRQs 8-15 3
Second serial port (COM2) 4
First serial port (COM1) 5
Sound card
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34. Interrupt Request (IRQ) - II6
Floppy disk controller 7
First parallel port. Used by the printer or any device using the parallel port. 8
Real-time clock 9
Open interrupt 10 11 12
PS/2 mouse 13
Floating point unit/coprocessor. Only used for internal signaling. 14
Primary IDE channel 15
Secondary IDE channel
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35. Perform the activity mentioned in Lab no. 1 in the text book:
Practical
Perform the activity mentioned in Lab no. 1 in the text book:
To change the IRQ line assigned to a device.
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36. 6 Channel Sound Card Line in Line Mic in Left Right Rear
Left Right Front
Woofer
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37. Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins
What is a 6 channel sound card?
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38. Wireless LAN USB Adapter
By using this adapter desktop, notebook and laptop users can connect to a standard mobile network
Plugged to computer through a USB port
Data Transfer Rate is 54 Mbps
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39. Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins
What is the application of wireless LAN USB adapter?
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40. Troubleshooting and show how to resolve IRQ conflict practically
While using the device, errors may occur if there is a problem with the I/O port
Different types of problems related with IO port:
Device not working properly
IRQ conflicts
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41. Summary – I
A port is used to connect the system and a device together, using a connecting cable.
The ports have different shapes and sizes that prevent you from connecting a device to the wrong port.
A serial port sends and receives one bit of data at a time.
The parallel port transmits eight bits of data at a time.
The PS/2 port is used to connect the keyboard and mouse to the system.
The USB port connects and also supplies power to the device.
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42. Summary – II
Infrared ports enable wireless communication between the device and the system.
IEEE 1394 enables fast and high speed data transfer between the system and the connected devices.
Devices use the IRQ lines to communicate with the microprocessor.
IRQ conflicts occur when two hardware devices use the same IRQ line.
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43. Mind Map Draw a mind map to summarize this chapter Release 22/10/2010
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