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HEALTHY AGING AT YOUR LIBRARY: CONNECTING OLDER ADULTS TO HEALTH INFORMATION Karen Vargas, Consumer Health Outreach Coordinator National Network of Libraries of Medicine, South Central Region
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Agenda Older adults and health Health information access and utilization Evaluation of health resources Training and programs Recommended resources
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Aging in America
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Early Boomers reached 65 in 2011
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According to the CDC The number of Americans aged 65 years or older during the next 25 years will double to about 72 million. By 2030, older adults will account for roughly 20% of the U.S. population. 2 out of 3 older Americans have multiple chronic conditions, and treatment for this population accounts for 66% of the country’s health care budget http://www.cdc.gov/aging/
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Causes of Death Heart Disease - #1 cause of death adults over age 65 Cancer - #2 cause of death adults over age 65 From the CDC WISQARS (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System) for 2010 http://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/http://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/
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A note about Alzheimer’s Disease Right now, as many as 5.4 million Americans have Alzheimer’s Disease The number of people with AD doubles for every 5-year interval beyond age 65. Alzheimer’s is the 5th leading cause of death for adults aged 65 years and older Medicaid spending for older adults with Alzheimer’s disease is nine times higher http://www.cdc.gov/aging/aginginfo/alzheimers.htm
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Birds do it, bees do it… Top 5 reasons to talk about seniors sexual health The majority of older Americans are sexually active 15% of new cases of HIV are people over 50 Most older adults have not discussed sex with their doctors If we can have this conversation today, it’s that much easier to handle it when it comes up at the reference desk #1 reason: VIAGRA
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Health Literacy
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Access + Utilization = Health Literacy Health Literacy: “The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services need to make appropriate health decisions.” (Healthy People 2010) ACP Foundation Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImnlptxIMXs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImnlptxIMXs
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Costs of Low Health Literacy Annual health care costs for individuals with low literacy skills are 4 times higher Patients with low literacy skills were observed to have a 50% increased risk of hospitalization Patients with low health literacy and chronic diseases have less knowledge of their disease and fewer correct self-management skills NPSF Ask Me 3 Resources: Stats at a Glance http://www.npsf.org/wp- content/uploads/2011/12/AskMe3_Stats_English.pdfhttp://www.npsf.org/wp- content/uploads/2011/12/AskMe3_Stats_English.pdf
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Why is an understanding of Health Literacy important for older adults? Adults age 65 and older have lower health literacy scores than all other age groups Only 3% of older adults surveyed had proficient health literacy skills The 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy http://nces.ed.gov/naal/ http://nces.ed.gov/naal/
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Additional factors affecting understanding of health information Vision and hearing changes Cognitive changes Additional Disabilities U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Quick Guide to Health Literacy of Older Adults http://www.health.gov/communication/literacy/olderadults/literacy.htm http://www.health.gov/communication/literacy/olderadults/literacy.htm
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And to make things worse... Multiple conditions Many, many medications Talking to doctors Internet comfort levels
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Talking to Doctors: The New World Order Before 1972,doctors told patients what they wanted patients to know, and what they wanted patients to do. 1972 – AHA Patient Bill of Rights “The patient has the right and is encouraged to obtain from physicians and other direct caregivers relevant, current, and understandable information about his or her diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.”
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Your health depends on the questions you ask Questions are the Answer http://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/patient- involvement/ask-your-doctor/index.html http://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/patient- involvement/ask-your-doctor/index.html The 10 questions you should know Or Build your own personalized list of questions
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Older Adults and the Internet
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80 is the new 60 56% of seniors over 65 use the Internet 70% of these seniors use the internet on a typical day 53% of seniors that use the Internet have looked for health information online Pew Internet & American Life Project http://www.pewinternet.org/ http://www.pewinternet.org/
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What about Boomers? Born between the years 1946 and 1964 (in 2013 boomers are between 49 and 67 years old) 80% of younger baby boomers use the Internet 81% of younger online boomers have looked for health information; 84% of older boomers Lee Rainie, “Baby Boomers and Technology” March 28, 2012 Pew Internet and American Life Project http://www.pewinternet.org/ http://www.pewinternet.org/
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However, of seniors over 75… Only 34% of this age group use the Internet 38% of non-users in this population say that the main reason they don’t use the internet or email is that they’re “just not interested” Only 4% of non-internet users in this population said they would like to start using the internet and email in the future Kathryn Zickuhr, Mary Madden “Older Americans and Internet Use” Pew Internet & American Life Project. June 6, 2012. http://www.pewinternet.org http://www.pewinternet.org
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Medicare Part D For discussion: If 66% of adults over 75 are NOT using the Internet, how are they choosing among the discount drug care programs online through the Medicare Web site?
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Evaluation of Health Resources Not a real drug. Not a real disorder. A spoof.
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ABCs (+U) of Evaluation Accuracy Authority Bias Currency Coverage Usability
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Evaluate Resources for Usability Font size Glare-free background color/paper Clear organization “White” space Short sentences Jargon-free, definitions of medical terms included Information in short segments Meaningful images
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Web Usability Additional Features for the Web Mouse-free controls No flashing images or distractions High contrast No “watermarks” Step-by-step navigation Read-out-loud features Highlighted text (hyperlinks) in dark color (other than blue) Click HERE to Win!!!!!
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Exercise 1: Usability Evaluation Take a look at the following websites and evaluate their usability: http://familydoctor.org/ http://familydoctor.org/ http://nihseniorhealth.gov/ http://nihseniorhealth.gov/ http://www.aarp.org/health/ http://www.aarp.org/health/ http://www.afar.org/infoaging http://www.afar.org/infoaging http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication
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Library Programs
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SHARING: Program Ideas What programs for senior health information are offered by your library? What programs are you thinking about offering? What problems do you encounter with programming for seniors? What solutions have you found?
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Program Ideas Wii! Exercise Relationships/dating Sexual Health Drug side effects Managing Medications Medicare Choosing nursing homes/assisted living Memory issues/keeping mind active Local resources
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More Program Ideas Caregiving End of Life planning Hospice Evaluating health information Health Fraud Legal issues Alternative medicines Dancing
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Collaborate! You can’t do it alone. Senior organizations: Area Agencies on Aging Disease specific organizations (Alzheimer's Assoc.) Neighborhood senior centers Jewish Community Centers Hospitals and Clinics University Health Science Libraries American Society on Aging National Council on Aging
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How do I find partners? NN/LM Membership Directory http://nnlm.gov/members/adv.html http://nnlm.gov/members/adv.html 2-1-1 Texas https://www.211texas.org/211/ https://www.211texas.org/211/
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Some information about Medicare http://www.medicare.gov http://www.medicare.gov 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) Health insurance for people age 65 or older (or with certain disabilities) Part A: Hospital Part B: Medical Part C: Advantage Plans (HMOs and PPOs) Part D: Prescription Drug Coverage
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How can libraries help with Medicare? Libraries can: distribute Medicare publications host outreach and education events assist patrons in accessing Medicare.gov To learn about how to participate in the CMS National Medicare Training Program: http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalMedicareTraining Program/ http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalMedicareTraining Program/
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Teaching Health Information on the Internet
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Why We Teach Health on the Internet to Older Adults Bridge Digital Divide Increase confidence Increase knowledge of health conditions and healthy lifestyles Help people know how to talk to doctors Increase skills in evaluating health information resources
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SHARING: Tips for Online Training What tips do you have for training seniors with online health information or online information in general?
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Teaching Observations Seniors are very hungry for health information Seniors are eager to learn Learning a new technology may be anxiety producing Transportation can be a problem
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Teaching Tips Provide hands-on practice and repetition Use health topics they are interested in (HBP) Provide regular access to computers Teach small groups, low teacher/student ratio
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Teaching Resources Beanworks: Computers, Older Adults, and Libraries http://beanworks.clbean.com/computers-older-adults- and-libraries/ http://beanworks.clbean.com/computers-older-adults- and-libraries/ Carol Bean, Palm Beach County Library Includes mousing tutorials Helpful articles Other training materials
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More Teaching Resources NIHSeniorHealth: Helping Older Adults Search for Health Information Online: A Toolkit for Trainers http://nihseniorhealth.gov/toolkit/toolkit.html http://nihseniorhealth.gov/toolkit/toolkit.html
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Exercise 2: Train the Trainer Working with a partner, Take a few minutes to review the NIHSeniorHealth training module in your packet Talk with a partner Present interesting features to class For trainers? For students (seniors)?
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Even More Teaching Resources MLA Senior Seminars: Power Points and handouts for training http://www.mlanet.org/resources/consumr_index.ht ml#senior http://www.mlanet.org/resources/consumr_index.ht ml#senior Reliable Sources of Health Information Your Medicine: Play it Safe Medicine Record Form Buying Prescription Medicine Online: A Consumer Safety Guide
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HEALTH RESOURCES
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NIHSeniorHealth http://nihseniorhealth.gov http://nihseniorhealth.gov Health information for older adults Partnership of National Institute on Aging and National Library of Medicine Information comes from National Institutes of Health Senior-friendly features (large text, sound, contrast) Information in bite-sized pieces
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MedlinePlus http://medlineplus.gov http://medlineplus.gov Links to reliable, understandable health websites Health Topics for Seniors Easy-to-read articles Slideshows that have sound and contrast Medical dictionary Medical encyclopedia with large illustrations Links to local services English, Spanish and other languages No Advertisements!
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NIH MedlinePlus Magazine
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National Institute on Aging http://www.nia.nih.gov http://www.nia.nih.gov Free publications (English and Spanish) Alzheimer’s Disease Education and Referral Center (ADEAR) Database of more than 300 national organizations that provide help to older adults.
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CDC Healthy Aging http://cdc.gov/aging/ http://cdc.gov/aging/ Health Topics Data and Statistics Reports Focus on Prevention
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Nursing Home Compare http://www.medicare.gov/nursinghomecompare/ http://www.medicare.gov/nursinghomecompare/ From the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services Allows consumers to compare information about nursing homes Links to Hospital Compare, Physician Compare, Dialysis Facility Compare, and more
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USA.gov Senior Citizens’ Resources http://www.usa.gov/Topics/Seniors.shtml http://www.usa.gov/Topics/Seniors.shtml Serbia photo by HelpAge International on Flickr.com
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Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Elders http://www.lgbtagingcenter.org/ http://www.lgbtagingcenter.org/ National Resource Center on LGBT Aging Specific issues for LGBT older adults, like HIV and Aging; Medicaid & Medicare; and Coming Out Later in Life
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Exercise 3: Reference Exercises On your own or with a partner, answer the reference questions in your handouts.
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Questions? Karen Vargas karen.vargas@exch.library.tmc.edu National Network of Libraries of Medicine 800-338-7657 Developed by NN/LM SCR staff. This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN- 276-2011-00007-C with the Houston Academy of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library.
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