1. Topic 5
SELECTING & TESTING

2. Selection
The selection process is a series of specific steps used to decide which recruits should be hired.
The process begins when recruits apply for employment and ends with the hiring decision.

3. Recruitment vs. Selection
RECRUITMENT SELECTION
To attract maximum number To choose best out of the
of candidates available candidates.
It creates application pool It is a rejection process
as large as possible where few are selected.
Techniques are not very Highly specialized techniques
intensive are required.
Outcome is application Outcome is the candidate who
pool is offered job.

4. Selection Process Initial Screening Employment Test
Employment Interview
Reference Verification
Panel/Supervisory
Interview
Employment Offer
Medical Test
Realistic Job Previews
Hiring Decision

5. Steps in the Selection Process
Screening of applications
Employment test
Selection interview
Reference & background checks
Medical evaluation
Supervisory interview
Realistic job preview RJP
Hiring decision

6. Employment Test Performance test Aptitude test Personality test
Intelligence test
Medical test

7. Performance Tests
Purpose: to check that candidates have the specific abilities that he/she says he/she has.
E.g. driving tests, keyboarding tests, language tests, computer usage tests, machine usage tests, etc.
Are most helpful for trained & experienced workers.

8. Aptitude Tests To discover a person’s potential abilities & talents.
If a person has an innate aptitude, then it can be assumed that with proper training he/she will be able to develop a skill in that particular area.
E.g. accounts clerks need numerical aptitudes, assemblers in a production line need manual dexterity.

9. Many job specifications will need a person with certain personality traits, e.g. friendly, sociable, cooperative, able to work in a team, etc.
Also called psychology tests.
Most personality tests include a series of questions a candidate must answer in a given time, e.g. “which do you prefer? Routine or constant change?”, or “in a group, do you introduce yourself or wait to be introduced?”

10. Personality tests may also include projective tests.

11. But, these type of tests must be interpreted by professional psychologists

12. Personality tests may also include handwriting tests!
The study of handwriting is termed as ‘graphology’

13. Intelligence tests
Measures the amount of intelligence needed to perform in a given task.

14. Intelligence tests

15. Medical tests
To determine whether candidates are fit for the job / task.
To detect diseases, etc.
To obtain a health record.
To reduce absenteeism and accidents if candidate is accepted for the job.
To detect communicable deseases.

16. Medical tests raise a question…
If an applicant is found to have some illness which may, at future date, threaten his/her ability to perform the assigned work or may increase employer’s medical bills, should the applicant be rejected???

17. Hiring/ Selection Interviews
The most widely used method of gathering information about candidate.

18. Selection Interview : Types of Interviews
Unstructured interview
Structured interview
Mixed interview
Behavioral interview
Stress interview

19. Hiring/ Selection Interviews
Structured Interviews:
Interviews in a proper format
Asked through information gathered from job analysis information

20. Unstructured Interviews: no predetermined script or protocol
Any thing related or not related to the job
No prescribed format

21. Behavioral description interviews (BDI):
ask participants to relate actual incidents from their past relevant work experience to the job they are applying for.
Think about you past job and tell us a time where you have committed a mistake? What was your response to the mistake? What was the nature of the mistake?

22. Situational Interviews: encourage applicants to respond to hypothetical situations they may encounter on the job for which they applied.
What if you are in a situation that to achieve your sales target the whole seller are asking for high commission instead of company policy? What will you do under these circumstances?

23. Stress Interview
A special type of interview designed to create anxiety and put pressure on the applicant to see how the person responds.
In a stress interview, the interviewer assumes an extremely aggressive and insulting posture.
Those who use this approach often justify its use with individual who will encounter high degrees of stress on the job, such as a consumer complaint clerk in a department store or an air traffic controller.

24. 4. The stress interview is a high-risk approach for an employer.
5. Consequently, an applicant that the organization wishes to hire might turn down the job offer. Even so, many interviewers deliberately put applicants under stress.

25. Stress interview

26. Who Conducts Interviews?
Panel
Team
Video
Individuals

28. Planning the interviews
The HR Manager must plan the timing, venue, and the topics to be discussed.
The timing:
Don’t let candidates to wait for too long.
The setting of interviews must be planned carefully.
The length of interviews must also be planned.

29. Planning the interviews
The venue:
Must be a quiet place.
Furnitures, etc in the venue must not distract the interviewer / interviewee.
Ensure that all parties involved are comfortable.
The topics for discussion:
The interviewer must have a thorough understanding of the job description and specifications & have read all about the candidates before the interview.
This allows them to prepare questions specifically for each candidate.

30. Conducting the Interviews
Organizations who want to employ the best people ensure that their interviewers are thoroughly trained & prepared!
An interview checklist must be constructed as a guide through this process.

31. Interviewer’s checklist

32. Interviewer’s checklist

33. Checklist will also include:
BEFORE THE INTERVIEW:
Studying the job description and person- specification.
Prepare interview schedule
Study application forms and note areas of discussion
Ensure suitable venues are booked.

34. Checklist will also include:
DURING THE INTERVIEW:
Welcome the applicant
Ask relevant questions
Listen, listen & listen!
Do not argue or critizise
Invite questions
End politely

35. Conducting the Interviews
Establish rapport – smile, handshake, ‘warm-up’ questions before asking more serious ones
Ask the right questions – to gather as much information about the candidate. E.g. “Tell me about…., “ What’s your opinion on…?”

36. After the interview
The HR manager will need to compare and shortlist the candidates.
Most applicants will be rejected at this stage.
The candidate at the most top of the list (the most preferred) will be offered the job, while the remaining ones will be kept aside incase the preferred applicant rejects the offer.