1. Psychology What is it? The science of behavior and mental processes. Behavior- our actions, responses http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQ 1OZsNvkns Mental processes- internal subjective experiences (dreaming, thoughts, sensation, perception, beliefs, feelings …) http://www.youtube.com/user/prof simons#p/a/u/1/IGQmdoK_ZfY

2. Waves of Psychology The science of psychology has gone through about 6 different waves since it started. Waves are different ways of thinking and explain human behavior over time.

3. Wave One: Early Schools Kickin’ it old school Started with William Wundt’s (the Father of Psychology. He created the FIRST psychological laboratory and used a technique of introspection. E.B. Titchener wanted to study the structural elements of the mind so his school was called structuralism …like chemists study the structure of matter, why not the mind?????? These guys were considered hot, back in the day…

4. Wave 1 – Introspection Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) – 1 st research lab in Leipzig, Germany – Studied reaction time to a audible stimulus – how long to press a button after hearing a bell – Then participants had to write how each was affected: Feelings/Emotions Images Thoughts – **This technique was called introspection “Physiological psychology is, therefore, first of all psychology “ – Wundt

5. Functionalism: William James Another early school was Functionalism William James was very influenced by the new theory of evolution. He felt behavior should be explained in view of its evolutionary function. For ex: Why do most of us fear heights???

6. William James also… Was a Psychology professor at Harvard U. and wrote the first Psych textbook. Thanks Will!!!

7. Wave Two: Gestalt Psychology Led by Max Wertheimer, these guys focused not on how we feel, but on how we experience the world. The whole of an experience can be more than the sum of its parts. Think for a moment of all the reasons that you love your mom. If you add all those reasons up, do they equal your love for your mom? Hopefully not!!! This may seem like one picture, but it can be perceived as 2 different faces. Can you find them?

8. Wave Three: Psychoanalysis This wave of thinking started with Sigmund Freud (in the early 1900’s). A physician from Austria, he became convinced that we are unaware of WHY we act or behave as we do ff “The Perve”

9. Freud: Psychoanalysis In a nutshell, during this time period people believed that most of your feelings come from a hidden place in your mind called the unconscious. He believed that our true motivations and urges are expressed in dreams, slips of the tongue and subliminal behavior. http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=IHS3PHvP3QA http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=IHS3PHvP3QA Ex:freudian slips

10. Wave Four: Behaviorism During this time period (early to mid 1900s), people started to ignore how you feel inside. This approach was a reaction to the study of inner thoughts. “How scientific is that??”They asked. “How will we ever be taken seriously by the scientific community if we don’t make Psychology based on scientific study”. Therefore, they decided that ONLY observable behavior would and could be studied. Very popular during the conservative 1950’s when social appearance mattered more than self expression.

11. Behaviorism: Watson & Skinner Two most famous behaviorists: Watson Skinner So hot!

12. Wave 4 – Behaviorism Organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes …not to repeat those that lead to neutral or negative outcomes Free will is an illusion

13. Wave Five: Eclectic We are now in wave five….which is about variety. Psychologists pick and choose what theories to use depending on the situation and the client.

14. Wave Five is made up of about 7 different perspectives. In other words, psychologists today, pick and choose from about 7 schools of thought to help you with your problems. Thus we have: THE SEVEN SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY

15. The 7 Schools of Psychology Neuroscience (Biopsychology) Cognitive Behaviorist Humanistic Evolutionary Psychoanalytic Socio-cultural