1. Chapter 6 Teaching with Multimedia and Hypermedia
By: Tim Bryant, Steve Compton, Jo Summers

2. Objectives
Define multimedia and hypermedia from historic and current perspectives.
Evaluate the quality and capabilities of a commercial multimedia/hypermedia product.
Describe resources and skills required for multimedia/hypermedia authoring.

3. Objectives cont.
Use an authoring system to develop a product that meets visual, navigational, and instructional criteria.
Design lesson activities appropriate for each kind of hypermedia product.

4. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia
Computer-based multimedia learning stations have been used since 1966.
Noncomputer multimedia have been around even longer.
Look at current electronic media and its companion concept, hypermedia.

5. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Multimedia and Hypermedia: How Do They Differ?
Multimedia means “multiple media” or “a combination of media.”
Still pictures, sound, motion video, animation, and/or text items combined.

6. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Multimedia and Hypermedia: How Do They Differ? cont.
Hypermedia means “linked media” or interactive media.”
Information stored in various media are connected (often via the Internet).

7. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Types of Hypermedia Systems
Come in a variety of hardware, software, and media configurations.
Classified according to their primary storage equipment such as interactive videodiscs (IVDs), CD-ROMs (compact disc-read-only memory) and digital versatile discs (DVDs).

8. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Types of Hypermedia Systems cont.
Commercial hypermedia software packages.
Authoring tools:
Presentation software
Video production and editing systems
Hypermedia authoring systems
Virtual reality (VR) systems

9. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Current and Future Impact of Hypermedia on Education
Increased motivation
Flexible learning modes
Development of creative and critical thinking skills
Improved writing and process skills

10. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Research on the Impact of Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems cont.
Increased learner control is more useful to higher ability students. Learner style helps determine which hypermedia features are effective in various learning environments.

11. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Research on the Design and Use of Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems
Stemeler (1997) reviewed findings on various characteristic that could have an impact on the potential effectiveness of these systems.

12. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Research on the Design and Use of Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems cont.
Instructional design
Color
Screen design
Graphics
Interaction and feedback
Animation
Navigation
Audio
Learner control
Video

13. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Recent Developments in Hypermedia Systems
The “vanishing videodisc”
Convergence of offline (disc) and online (Internet) development
Increasing ease of use

14. Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages
Instructional Software
Tutorials
Drill and practice
Simulations
Instructional games
Problem solving

15. Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Interactive Books and ebooks
Interactive storybooks for the younger students and interactive texts for the older students.
ebooks offer greater flexibility than printed texts and are a valuable resource for students and teachers.

16. Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Reference Materials
Available on CDs and DVDs with search engine software added to them to make information easier to attain.
Encyclopedias
Almanacs
Atlases
Newspapers and newsletters
Proceeding and other conference materials

17. Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Collections of Development Resources
Collecting of clip art, video clips, sound effects, and photographs are some resources that have been developed and placed on CD-ROM.

18. Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Evaluating Commercial Hypermedia Products
Instructional planning and support
Instructional design
Content
Interface design and navigation
Feedback and interactivity

19. Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Integration Strategies for Commercial Hypermedia Products
Should offer computer based instruction, resources to support instruction and provide networking and online sources.

20. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring
Background on Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring Systems
Enabled non-technical skilled individuals to develop their own professional-looking hypermedia products.
Help prepare students for the world of the future.

21. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring Resources
Audio resources
Video resources
Photos
Graphic images
Text

22. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Hardware Requirements for Hypermedia Authoring
Computer with keyboard and monitor
Digital cameras
Scanners
Video digitizers
Camcorders and other video input
Microphones
Audio speakers

23. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Hypermedia Authoring Procedures
Review others’ products
Do research first
Storyboard
Develop individual frames and segments
Add links and/or scripts
Test and revise the product

24. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Authoring Skills to Develop over Time
Media literacy
Using music and art
Print design principles
Video design principles
Creativity and novel thinking
Considering the audience

25. Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Evaluating Student-Developed Hypermedia
When students create their own multimedia/hypermedia products, it is suggested that the student self-assess their products. They can do this by using a checklist or rubrics. The teacher can also use these instruments to grade the student projects.

26. Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 1: Presentation Software
Aid in creating on-screen descriptions, demonstrations and summaries of information.
These tools began as electronic slide shows.
They have now become multimedia authoring tools.

27. Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 1: Presentation Software cont.
Integration Strategies for Presentation Software
Support for lectures or presentations of content
Practice screens
Assessment screens
Brief tutorials
Book reports
Student-created presentations

28. Introduction to Video Production and Editing Systems
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 2: Video Production and Editing Systems
Introduction to Video Production and Editing Systems
Used in schools to produce school news programs and develop digitized video for use in authoring hypermedia products.

29. Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 2: Video Production and Editing Systems cont.
Demonstrations of procedures
Student-created presentations
Video lectures
Video portfolios
Video decision-making/problem-solving simulations
Documenting of school activities
Visual literacy instruction
Teaching of video production

30. Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 3: Hypermedia Software
Introduction to Hypermedia Software Tools
In the late 1980’s, hypermedia authoring programs were introduced.

31. Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 3: Hypermedia Software cont.
Integration Strategies for Hypermedia Authoring Software
Brief tutorials
Student-created presentations
Interactive storybooks

32. Introduction to Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 4: Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools
Introduction to Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools
Full immersion systems
Web-based Virtual Reality
3-D models
QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR)

33. Integration Strategies for Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 4: Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools cont.
Integration Strategies for Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools
Imaging for virtual field trips
3-D models to illustrate how systems work
Immersion learning environments for practice and exploration